Contracts
CVE-2023-23940
MEDIUM
Vulnerability Assessment
| Weakness |
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A08:2025 - Software or Data Integrity Failures
ASVS 5.0
V15 - Secure Coding and Architecture Data authenticity verification
|
| Impact | CVSS score of 5.3 (MEDIUM). Attack characteristics: network attack vector, high complexity, low privileges required, no user interaction not required. |
| Exploit ScenarioDerived | This vulnerability can be exploited remotely over the network. Successful exploitation could compromise the medium-severity affected system. |
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Alert meAnalysisAI
OpenZeppelin Contracts for Cairo is a library for secure smart contract development written in Cairo for StarkNet, a decentralized ZK Rollup. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable.
RemediationAI
A vendor patch is available. Apply the latest security update as soon as possible. Apply vendor patches when available. Implement network segmentation and monitoring as interim mitigations.
Affected Packages
Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)
Affects your stack
Affects 1 package in pypi
Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.
Technical ContextAI · show details
This vulnerability is classified under CWE-345. OpenZeppelin Contracts for Cairo is a library for secure smart contract development written in Cairo for StarkNet, a decentralized ZK Rollup. is_valid_eth_signature is missing a call to finalize_keccak after calling verify_eth_signature. As a result, any contract using is_valid_eth_signature from the account library (such as the EthAccount preset) is vulnerable to a malicious sequencer. Specifically, the malicious sequencer would be able to bypass signature validation to impersonate an instance of these accounts. The issue has been patched in 0.6.1. Affected products include: Openzeppelin Contracts.
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Severity by source
AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
Primary rating from NVD · only source for this CVE.
CVSS VectorNVD
DescriptionNVD
OpenZeppelin Contracts for Cairo is a library for secure smart contract development written in Cairo for StarkNet, a decentralized ZK Rollup. is_valid_eth_signature is missing a call to finalize_keccak after calling verify_eth_signature. As a result, any contract using is_valid_eth_signature from the account library (such as the EthAccount preset) is vulnerable to a malicious sequencer. Specifically, the malicious sequencer would be able to bypass signature validation to impersonate an instance of these accounts. The issue has been patched in 0.6.1.
Threat Intelligence Overview
NVD
CVE.org
EPSS
GitHub
How this decision was reached
The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.
What every action level means
SSVC AssessmentENISA
Priority Score
Attack Technique
Authentication bypass attacks exploit flaws in the verification mechanisms that control access to systems and applications.
Affected Products (CPE)NVD
OpenZeppelin Contracts for Cairo is a library for contract development written in Cairo for StarkNet, a decentralized ZK
OpenZeppelin Contracts is a library for smart contract development. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.8), this vulnerabili
OpenZepplin is a library for smart contract development. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.8), this vulnerability is remot
OpenZepplin is a library for smart contract development. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.8), this vulnerability is remot
OpenZeppelin Contracts is a library for secure smart contract development. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.8), this vulnerab
OpenZeppelin Contracts is a library for smart contract development. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), this vulnerability i
OpenZeppelin Contracts is a library for secure smart contract development. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), this vulnerab
OpenZeppelin Contracts is a library for smart contract development. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), this vulnerability i
OpenZeppelin Contracts is a library for smart contract development. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), this vulnerability i
OpenZeppelin Contracts is a library for secure smart contract development. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.4), this vulnerab
Cairo-Contracts are OpenZeppelin Contracts written in Cairo for Starknet, a decentralized ZK Rollup. Rated medium severi
OpenZeppelin Contracts is a library for secure smart contract development. Rated medium severity (CVSS 6.5), this vulner
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