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Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A05:2025 - Injection
ASVS 5.0
V1 - Encoding and Sanitization OS command sanitization, avoid shell exec
MITRE ATT&CK

2 techniques across 1 tactic: Execution

The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up.

Impact

CVSS score of 8.0 (HIGH). Attack characteristics: adjacent network attack vector, low complexity, low privileges required, no user interaction not required.

Exploit ScenarioDerived

An attacker could exploit this vulnerability to execute arbitrary operating system commands on the host.

This Week Schedule remediation this week. Why: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9).
No patch listed yet 0.7% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAI

A command injection vulnerability in the CGI program of Zyxel VMG3312-T20A firmware version 5.30(ABFX.5)C0 could allow a local authenticated attacker to execute arbitrary OS commands on a vulnerable. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.0), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.

RemediationAI

No vendor patch is available at time of analysis. Monitor vendor advisories for updates. Avoid passing user input to shell commands. Use language-specific APIs instead of shell execution. Apply strict input validation with allowlists.

Affects your stack

Find out whether the stacks and servers you run are on an affected version.

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

This vulnerability is classified as OS Command Injection (CWE-78), which allows attackers to execute arbitrary operating system commands on the host. A command injection vulnerability in the CGI program of Zyxel VMG3312-T20A firmware version 5.30(ABFX.5)C0 could allow a local authenticated attacker to execute arbitrary OS commands on a vulnerable device via a LAN interface. Affected products include: Zyxel Vmg3312-T20A Firmware, Zyxel Emg3525-T50B Firmware, Zyxel Emg5523-T50B Firmware, Zyxel Emg5723-T50K Firmware, Zyxel Emg6726-B10A Firmware. Version information: version 5.30.

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  • Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources

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Severity by source

NVD PRIMARY 8.0 HIGH
AV:A/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Primary rating from NVD · only source for this CVE.

CVSS VectorNVD

Attack Vector
Adjacent
Attack Complexity
Low
Privileges Required
Low
User Interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
High
Integrity
High
Availability
High

DescriptionNVD

A command injection vulnerability in the CGI program of Zyxel VMG3312-T20A firmware version 5.30(ABFX.5)C0 could allow a local authenticated attacker to execute arbitrary OS commands on a vulnerable device via a LAN interface.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.7%
Top 52% exploitable
Data Quality
2 sources
Confidence: Low

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity HIGH
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS 0.7%
Patch available No
Active threat No
Deciding rule
HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived
Scheduled
Exploitation· derived
None
System Exposure· derived
Controlled
Automatable· derived
No
Human Impact· derived
Medium

Priority Score

41
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: +1
CVSS: +40
PoC: 0
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

OS command injection occurs when an application passes unsanitized user input directly into system shell commands.

Affected Products (CPE)NVD

cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:vmg3312-t20a_firmware:5.30\(abfx.5\)c0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:emg3525-t50b_firmware:*:*:*:*:america:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:emg3525-t50b_firmware:*:*:*:*:emea:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:emg5523-t50b_firmware:*:*:*:*:america:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:emg5523-t50b_firmware:*:*:*:*:emea:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:emg5723-t50k_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:emg6726-b10a_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:vmg1312-t20b_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:vmg3625-t50b_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:vmg3927-b50a_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:vmg3927-b50b_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:vmg3927-b60a_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:vmg3927-t50k_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:vmg4927-b50a_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:vmg8623-t50b_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:vmg8825-b50a_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:vmg8825-b50b_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:vmg8825-t50k_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:vmg8825-b60a_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:vmg8825-b60b_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
+ 14 more
CVE-2025-8693 HIGH
8.8 Nov 18

A post-authentication command injection vulnerability in the "priv" parameter of Zyxel DX3300-T0 firmware version 5.50(A

CVE-2025-13943 HIGH
8.8 Feb 24

A post-authentication command injection vulnerability in the log file download function of the Zyxel EX3301-T0 firmware

CVE-2025-6599 HIGH
7.5 Nov 18

Slowloris-style denial of service in Zyxel DX3301-T0 firmware 5.50(ABVY.6.3)C0 and earlier, with the vendor advisory cov

CVE-2024-8748 HIGH
7.5 Dec 03

A buffer overflow vulnerability in the packet parser of the third-party library "libclinkc" in Zyxel VMG8825-T50K firmwa

CVE-2024-5412 HIGH
7.5 Sep 03

A buffer overflow vulnerability in the library "libclinkc" of the Zyxel VMG8825-T50K firmware version 5.50(ABOM.8)C0 cou

CVE-2026-1459 HIGH
7.2 Feb 24

Zyxel VMG3625-T50B, DX5401 B1, and EMG5523 T50B devices with firmware through version 5.50(ABPM.9.7)C0 contain a post-au

CVE-2024-0816 MEDIUM
5.5 May 21

The buffer overflow vulnerability in the DX3300-T1 firmware version V5.50(ABVY.4)C0 could allow an authenticated local a

CVE-2022-26414 MEDIUM
5.5 Apr 11

A potential buffer overflow vulnerability was identified in some internal functions of Zyxel VMG3312-T20A firmware versi

CVE-2025-11845 MEDIUM
4.9 Feb 24

A null pointer dereference vulnerability in the certificate downloader CGI program of the Zyxel VMG3625-T50B firmware ve

CVE-2025-11848 MEDIUM
4.9 Feb 24

A null pointer dereference vulnerability in the Wake-on-LAN CGI program of the Zyxel VMG3625-T50B firmware version throu

CVE-2025-11847 MEDIUM
4.9 Feb 24

A null pointer dereference vulnerability in the IP settings CGI program of the Zyxel VMG3625-T50B firmware versions thro

CVE-2025-11846 MEDIUM
4.9 Feb 24

A null pointer dereference vulnerability in the account settings CGI program of the Zyxel VMG3625-T50B firmware versions

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