What is the CVSS score of CVE-2025-11845?

CVE-2025-11845 has a CVSS 3.1 base score of 4.9 (Medium). CVSS vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H. EPSS exploitation probability: 0.1%.

How to fix or mitigate CVE-2025-11845?

Within 30 days: Identify affected systems running the certificate downloader CGI program of the Zyxel VMG3625- and apply vendor patches as part of regular patch cycle. Monitor vendor channels for patch availability.

Ax7501 B1 Firmware CVE-2025-11845

MEDIUM

NULL Pointer Dereference (CWE-476)

2026-02-24 security@zyxel.com.tw

Null Pointer Dereference Zyxel Ax7501 B1 Firmware Dx3300 T0 Firmware Dx3300 T1 Firmware Dx3301 T0 Firmware Dx4510 B0 Firmware Dx4510 B1 Firmware Dx5401 B1 Firmware Ee3301 00 Firmware Ee5301 00 Firmware Ee6510 10 Firmware Emg3525 T50b Firmware Emg5523 T50b Firmware Ex2210 T0 Firmware Ex3300 T0 Firmware Ex3300 T1 Firmware Ex3301 T0 Firmware Ex3500 T0 Firmware Ex3501 T0 Firmware Ex3510 B0 Firmware Ex3510 B1 Firmware Ex3600 T0 Firmware Ex5401 B1 Firmware Ex5510 B0 Firmware Ex5512 T0 Firmware Ex5601 T0 Firmware Ex5601 T1 Firmware Ex7501 B0 Firmware Ex7710 B0 Firmware Gm4100 B0 Firmware Lte3301 Plus Firmware Nebula Fwa505 Firmware Nebula Fwa510 Firmware Nebula Fwa515 Firmware Nebula Fwa710 Firmware Nebula Lte3301 Plus Firmware Pe3301 00 Firmware Pe5301 01 Firmware Pm3100 T0 Firmware Pm5100 T0 Firmware Pm5100 T1 Firmware Pm7300 T0 Firmware Pm7500 00 Firmware Px3321 T1 Firmware Px5301 T0 Firmware Scr 50axe Firmware Vmg3625 T50b Firmware Vmg4005 B50a Firmware Vmg4005 B60a Firmware Vmg8623 T50b Firmware We3300 00 Firmware Wx3100 T0 Firmware Wx3401 B1 Firmware Wx5600 T0 Firmware Wx5610 B0 Firmware

4.9

CVSS 3.1 · NVD

View

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness	CWE CWE-476 OWASP Top 10:2025 A10:2025 - Mishandling of Exceptional Conditions ASVS 5.0 V16 - Security Logging and Error Handling Null pointer safety, defensive checks MITRE ATT&CK 1 technique across 1 tactic: Impact The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up. Sign in to read
Impact	CVSS 4.9 (MEDIUM). Attack vector: Network. Complexity: Low. Privileges required: High. User interaction: None. Exploitation requires authentication.
Exploit ScenarioDerived	An attacker (requires authentication) could exploit this vulnerability to an authenticated attacker with administrator privileges to trigger a denial-of-s.

This Month Plan within 30 days. Why: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9).

No patch listed yet 0.1% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Mar 12, 2026

A null pointer dereference vulnerability in the certificate downloader CGI program of the Zyxel VMG3625-T50B firmware versions through 5.50(ABPM.9.6)C0 and the Zyxel WX3100-T0 firmware versions through 5.50(ABVL.4.8)C0 could allow an authenticated attacker with administrator privileges to trigger a denial-of-service (DoS) condition by sending a crafted HTTP request. [CVSS 4.9 MEDIUM]

RemediationAI

Monitor vendor advisories for a patch. Restrict network access to the affected service where possible.

Affects your stack

Find out whether the stacks and servers you run are on an affected version.

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

Classified as CWE-476 (NULL Pointer Dereference). Affects Lte3301-Plus Firmware. A null pointer dereference vulnerability in the certificate downloader CGI program of the Zyxel VMG3625-T50B firmware versions through 5.50(ABPM.9.6)C0 and the Zyxel WX3100-T0 firmware versions through 5.50(ABVL.4.8)C0 could allow an authenticated attacker with administrator privileges to trigger a denial-of-service (DoS) condition by sending a crafted HTTP request.

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Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources

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Severity by source

NVD PRIMARY 4.9 MEDIUM

AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

Primary rating from NVD · only source for this CVE.

CVSS VectorNVD

Attack Vector

Network

Attack Complexity

Low

Privileges Required

High

User Interaction

None

Scope

Unchanged

Confidentiality

None

Integrity

None

Availability

High

DescriptionCVE.org

Executive ViewAI

Why It Matters

Organizations using the certificate downloader CGI program of the Zyxel VMG3625-T50B firmware should be aware of moderate risk from CVE-2025-11845, a null pointer dereference vulnerability rated CVSS 4.9. Exploitation could compromise the security of affected deployments. Organizations should apply vendor updates when available and monitor for exploitation.

Business Impact: Low

Compensating Controls

Apply vendor patch. If patching is delayed: enable ASLR/DEP, apply network segmentation.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score

0.1%

Top 70% exploitable

Data Quality

3 sources

Confidence: Low

NVD

CVE.org

EPSS

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue

Severity MEDIUM

CISA KEV No

Public POC No

EPSS 0.1%

Patch available No

Active threat No

Deciding rule

MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9)

What every action level means

Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.

Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.

This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.

This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.

Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived

Defer

Exploitation· derived

None

System Exposure· derived

Open

Automatable· derived

Human Impact

Low

Priority Score

Low Medium High Critical

KEV: 0

EPSS: 0

CVSS: +24

PoC: 0

Weaponized: 0

Threat intel: 0

Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

Null Pointer Dereference MEDIUM

A null pointer dereference occurs when a program attempts to access memory through a pointer that has been set to NULL (address 0x0).

Affected Products (CPE)CVE.org

cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:lte3301-plus_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:nebula_fwa505_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:nebula_fwa510_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:nebula_fwa515_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:nebula_fwa710_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:ee5301-00_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:ee3301-00_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:dx5401-b1_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:dx4510-b1_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:dx4510-b0_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:dx3301-t0_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:dx3300-t1_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:dx3300-t0_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:nebula_lte3301-plus_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:ee6510-10_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:emg3525-t50b_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:emg5523-t50b_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:ex2210-t0_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:ex3300-t0_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:ex3300-t1_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

+ 35 more

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References

Advisories & patches

ADVISORY https://www.zyxel.com/global/en/support/security-advisories/zyxel-security-advisory-for-null-pointer-dereference-and-command-injection-vulnerabilities-in-certain-4g-lte-5g-nr-cpe-dsl-ethernet-cpe-fiber-onts-security-routers-and-wireless-extenders-02-24-2026

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