What is the CVSS score of CVE-2021-28191?

CVE-2021-28191 has a CVSS 3.1 base score of 4.9 (Medium). CVSS vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H. EPSS exploitation probability: 1.8%.

Asmb9 Ikvm Firmware CVE-2021-28191

MEDIUM

Classic Buffer Overflow (CWE-120)

2021-04-06 twcert@cert.org.tw

Buffer Overflow Asmb9 Ikvm Firmware Rs720A E9 Rs24 E Firmware Rs700A E9 Rs4 Firmware Rs700 E9 Rs4 Firmware Esc4000 G4X Firmware Rs700 E9 Rs12 Firmware Rs100 E10 Pi2 Firmware Rs300 E10 Ps4 Firmware Rs300 E10 Rs4 Firmware Rs500A E9 Ps4 Firmware Rs500A E9 Rs4 Firmware Rs500A E9 Rs4 U Firmware E700 G4 Firmware Ws C422 Pro Se Firmware Ws X299 Pro Se Firmware Z11Pa U12 Firmware Z11Pa U12 10G 2S Firmware Knpa U16 Firmware Esc4000 Dhd G4 Firmware Esc4000 G4 Firmware Rs720Q E9 Rs24 S Firmware Rs720Q E9 Rs8 Firmware Rs720Q E9 Rs8 S Firmware Z11Pa D8 Firmware Z11Pa D8C Firmware Rs720 E9 Rs24 U Firmware Rs720 E9 Rs8 G Firmware Rs500 E9 Ps4 Firmware Pro E800 G4 Firmware Rs500 E9 Rs4 Firmware Rs500 E9 Rs4 U Firmware Rs520 E9 Rs12 E Firmware Rs520 E9 Rs8 Firmware Esc8000 G4 Firmware Esc8000 G4 10G Firmware Rs720 E9 Rs12 E Firmware Ws C621E Sage Firmware Rs500A E10 Ps4 Firmware Rs500A E10 Rs4 Firmware Rs700A E9 Rs12V2 Firmware Rs700A E9 Rs4V2 Firmware Rs720A E9 Rs12V2 Firmware Rs720A E9 Rs24V2 Firmware Z11Pr D16 Firmware Asus

4.9

CVSS 3.1 · NVD

View

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness	CWE CWE-120 ASVS 5.0 V15 - Secure Coding and Architecture Buffer copy size validation MITRE ATT&CK 1 technique across 1 tactic: Execution The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up. Sign in to read
Impact	CVSS score of 4.9 (MEDIUM). Attack characteristics: network attack vector, low complexity, high privileges required, no user interaction not required.
Exploit ScenarioDerived	A remote attacker could overflow a buffer to corrupt adjacent memory by sending crafted requests to the affected application.

This Month Plan within 30 days. Why: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9).

No patch listed yet 1.8% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAI

The Firmware update function in ASUS BMC’s firmware Web management page does not verify the string length entered by users, resulting in a Buffer overflow vulnerability. Rated medium severity (CVSS 4.9), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.

RemediationAI

No vendor patch is available at time of analysis. Monitor vendor advisories for updates. Always validate buffer sizes before copy operations. Use bounded functions (strncpy, snprintf). Enable compiler protections.

Affects your stack

Find out whether the stacks and servers you run are on an affected version.

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

This vulnerability is classified as Buffer Copy without Size Check (CWE-120), which allows attackers to overflow a buffer to corrupt adjacent memory. The Firmware update function in ASUS BMC’s firmware Web management page does not verify the string length entered by users, resulting in a Buffer overflow vulnerability. As obtaining the privileged permission, remote attackers use the leakage to abnormally terminate the Web service. Affected products include: Asus Asmb9-Ikvm Firmware, Asus Rs720A-E9-Rs24-E Firmware, Asus Rs700A-E9-Rs4 Firmware, Asus Rs700-E9-Rs4 Firmware, Asus Esc4000 G4X Firmware.

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Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources

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Severity by source

NVD PRIMARY 4.9 MEDIUM

AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

Primary rating from NVD · only source for this CVE.

CVSS VectorNVD

Attack Vector

Network

Attack Complexity

Low

Privileges Required

High

User Interaction

None

Scope

Unchanged

Confidentiality

None

Integrity

None

Availability

High

DescriptionNVD

The Firmware update function in ASUS BMC’s firmware Web management page does not verify the string length entered by users, resulting in a Buffer overflow vulnerability. As obtaining the privileged permission, remote attackers use the leakage to abnormally terminate the Web service.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score

1.8%

Top 24% exploitable

Data Quality

2 sources

Confidence: Low

NVD

CVE.org

EPSS

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue

Severity MEDIUM

CISA KEV No

Public POC No

EPSS 1.8%

Patch available No

Active threat No

Deciding rule

MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9)

What every action level means

Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.

Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.

This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.

This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.

Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived

Scheduled

Exploitation· derived

None

System Exposure· derived

Open

Automatable· derived

Human Impact· derived

Medium

Priority Score

Low Medium High Critical

KEV: 0

EPSS: +2

CVSS: +24

PoC: 0

Weaponized: 0

Threat intel: 0

Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

Buffer Overflow HIGH

A buffer overflow occurs when a program writes more data to a memory buffer than it was allocated to hold, causing the excess data to spill into adjacent memory regions.

Affected Products (CPE)NVD

cpe:2.3:o:asus:asmb9-ikvm_firmware:1.11.12:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

cpe:2.3:o:asus:rs720a-e9-rs24-e_firmware:1.10.3:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

cpe:2.3:o:asus:rs700a-e9-rs4_firmware:1.10.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

cpe:2.3:o:asus:rs700-e9-rs4_firmware:1.09:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

cpe:2.3:o:asus:esc4000_g4x_firmware:1.11.6:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

cpe:2.3:o:asus:rs700-e9-rs12_firmware:1.11.5:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

cpe:2.3:o:asus:rs100-e10-pi2_firmware:1.13.6:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

cpe:2.3:o:asus:rs300-e10-ps4_firmware:1.13.6:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

cpe:2.3:o:asus:rs300-e10-rs4_firmware:1.13.6:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

cpe:2.3:o:asus:rs500a-e9-ps4_firmware:1.14.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

cpe:2.3:o:asus:rs500a-e9-rs4_firmware:1.14.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

cpe:2.3:o:asus:rs500a-e9_rs4_u_firmware:1.14.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

cpe:2.3:o:asus:e700_g4_firmware:1.14.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

cpe:2.3:o:asus:ws_c422_pro\/se_firmware:1.14.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

cpe:2.3:o:asus:ws_x299_pro\/se_firmware:1.14.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

cpe:2.3:o:asus:z11pa-u12_firmware:1.15.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

cpe:2.3:o:asus:z11pa-u12\/10g-2s_firmware:1.15.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

cpe:2.3:o:asus:knpa-u16_firmware:1.13.4:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

cpe:2.3:o:asus:esc4000_dhd_g4_firmware:1.13.7:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

cpe:2.3:o:asus:esc4000_g4_firmware:1.15.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

+ 24 more

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The CD media configuration function in ASUS BMC’s firmware Web management page does not verify the string length entered

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CVE-2021-28198 MEDIUM This Month

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The Active Directory configuration function in ASUS BMC’s firmware Web management page does not verify the string length

CVE-2021-28196 MEDIUM This Month

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The specific function in ASUS BMC’s firmware Web management page (Generate SSL certificate function) does not verify the

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The Radius configuration function in ASUS BMC’s firmware Web management page does not verify the string length entered b

Same weakness CWE-120 – Classic Buffer Overflow

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CVE-2013-1331 HIGH

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CVE-2013-0641 HIGH

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CVE-2017-15222 CRITICAL POC

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CVE-2015-5119 CRITICAL POC

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CVE-2015-3113 CRITICAL POC

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CVE-2011-2462 CRITICAL POC

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CVE-2020-0796 CRITICAL POC

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CVE-2009-0927 HIGH POC

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CVE-2012-1889 HIGH POC

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References

Advisories & patches

ADVISORY https://www.asus.com/content/ASUS-Product-Security-Advisory/ ADVISORY https://www.asus.com/tw/support/callus/ REF https://www.twcert.org.tw/tw/cp-132-4561-062d0-1.html

Search Externally

GitHub PoC

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