Werkzeug
CVE-2016-10516
MEDIUM
Vulnerability Assessment
| Weakness |
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A05:2025 - Injection
ASVS 5.0
V1 - Encoding and Sanitization Output encoding, context-aware escaping
MITRE ATT&CK
2 techniques across 2 tactics: Initial Access, Execution The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up. |
| Impact | CVSS score of 6.1 (MEDIUM). Attack characteristics: network attack vector, low complexity, no privileges required, user interaction required. EPSS exploitation probability: 0.41%. |
| Exploit ScenarioDerived | A remote attacker could inject malicious scripts into web pages viewed by other users by sending crafted requests to the affected application. No authentication is required to exploit this vulnerability. |
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Alert meAnalysisAI
Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in the render_full function in debug/tbtools.py in the debugger in Pallets Werkzeug before 0.11.11 (as used in Pallets Flask and other products) allows remote. Rated medium severity (CVSS 6.1), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity.
RemediationAI
A vendor patch is available. Apply the latest security update as soon as possible. Sanitize all user input, use Content-Security-Policy headers, encode output contextually (HTML, JS, URL). Use frameworks with built-in XSS protection.
Affected Packages
Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)
Affects your stack
Affects 1 package in pypi
Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.
Technical ContextAI · show details
This vulnerability is classified as Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) (CWE-79), which allows attackers to inject malicious scripts into web pages viewed by other users. Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in the render_full function in debug/tbtools.py in the debugger in Pallets Werkzeug before 0.11.11 (as used in Pallets Flask and other products) allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via a field that contains an exception message. Affected products include: Palletsprojects Werkzeug. Version information: before 0.11.11.
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- Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources
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Severity by source
AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N
Primary rating from NVD · only source for this CVE.
CVSS VectorNVD
DescriptionCVE.org
Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in the render_full function in debug/tbtools.py in the debugger in Pallets Werkzeug before 0.11.11 (as used in Pallets Flask and other products) allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via a field that contains an exception message.
Threat Intelligence Overview
NVD
CVE.org
EPSS
GitHub
How this decision was reached
The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.
What every action level means
SSVC AssessmentENISA
Priority Score
Attack Technique
Cross-Site Scripting occurs when an application accepts untrusted data and sends it to a web browser without proper validation or encoding.
Affected Products (CPE)CVE.org
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In Pallets Werkzeug before 0.15.5, SharedDataMiddleware mishandles drive names (such as C:) in Windows pathnames. Rated
Open redirect vulnerability in werkzeug before 0.11.6 via a double slash in the URL. Rated medium severity (CVSS 6.1), t
Improper parsing of HTTP requests in Pallets Werkzeug v2.1.0 and below allows attackers to perform HTTP Request Smugglin
Werkzeug is a comprehensive WSGI web application library. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.0), this vulnerability is low atta
Werkzeug is a comprehensive WSGI web application library. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), this vulnerability is remotely
Pallets Werkzeug before 0.15.3, when used with Docker, has insufficient debugger PIN randomness because Docker container
A user-controlled request path that ends in a Windows reserved device name followed by an empty NTFS alternate data stre
Werkzeug is a comprehensive WSGI web application library. Rated medium severity (CVSS 6.3), this vulnerability is remote
Werkzeug is a Web Server Gateway Interface web application library. Rated medium severity (CVSS 6.3), this vulnerability
Werkzeug versions 3.1.5 and below on Windows fail to properly filter reserved device names in the safe_join function whe
Werkzeug versions prior to 3.1.5 fail to properly validate Windows reserved device names in the safe_join function, allo
Exploit-DB