Unauthenticated denial-of-service degradation in free5GC's NRF (Network Repository Function) v4.2.1 allows remote attackers to force repeatable HTTP 500 panics on the root SBI OAuth2 token endpoint (POST /oauth2/token) by supplying structured-list form fields that trigger a reflect.Set type-confusion. The parser only special-cases string and NfType fields and force-casts everything else to *models.PlmnId, panicking whenever the destination is a slice or a different struct pointer; at least six attacker-selectable fields crash via the same root cause. Publicly available exploit code exists (curl PoCs in the GHSA advisory), but it is not in CISA KEV and EPSS is very low (0.06%); Gin recovery keeps the process alive, so real-world impact is per-request CPU/log amplification under flood rather than full outage.
Remote denial-of-service in free5GC's Network Exposure Function (NEF) up to v4.2.1 (nef module < 1.2.3) lets an attacker terminate the entire NEF process by pointing a PFD-management subscription at an unreachable notifyUri and then triggering a PFD change. Because the async notification handler calls logger.PFDManageLog.Fatal (an os.Exit(1) equivalent that bypasses Gin's panic recovery) on any outbound delivery error, a single accepted request kills NEF's whole SBI surface until restart. The advisory ships a full end-to-end proof-of-concept, so publicly available exploit code exists; EPSS is low (0.06%, 19th percentile) and it is not in CISA KEV.
Denial-of-service (per-request) in free5GC's NEF component (v4.2.1) lets remote unauthenticated actors force HTTP 500 responses from the 3gpp-pfd-management PATCH applications endpoint. When upstream UDR access is failing, the handler dereferences a nil *ProblemDetails (reading problemDetails.Cause instead of the locally built problemDetailsErr.Detail) and panics; Gin recovery catches it, so the process survives but that request returns an empty 500 instead of a controlled error. A detailed publicly available exploit (PoC) exists; EPSS is very low (0.05%, 15th percentile) and the issue is not in CISA KEV.
Denial-of-service (degraded per-request) in free5GC's PCF component (versions before 4.2.2 / pcf < 1.4.2) lets remote attackers force HTTP 500 responses on the Npcf_SMPolicyControl endpoint by submitting a crafted sm-policy POST whose DNN cannot be resolved by UDR. The UDR-failure branch in HandleCreateSmPolicyRequest logs the OpenAPI 404 error but fails to return, then dereferences a nil response struct (CWE-476), which Gin recovery converts into a 500 with an empty body. Publicly available exploit code exists (a single curl PoC in the GHSA advisory); there is no active exploitation reported and EPSS is negligible at 0.05%.
Unauthenticated denial of service in free5GC's Session Management Function (SMF) through v4.2.1 allows any attacker with SBI network reachability to terminate the entire SMF process with a single crafted POST. The UPI management route group is mounted without OAuth2 middleware, so the /upi/v1/upNodesLinks create-or-update handler passes attacker JSON into topology parsing that calls logger.InitLog.Fatalf() (os.Exit(1)-equivalent) on validation failures such as an overlapping UE-IP pool, dropping all SBI services until restart. A working PoC exists and is documented in the vendor advisory, though EPSS is low (0.04%) and there is no public exploit identified beyond the advisory PoC; it is not listed in CISA KEV.
Stack buffer overflow in kosma minmea 0.3.0 allows remote unauthenticated attackers to cause denial of service through crafted NMEA field data. The minmea_scan function's format specifier copies data to caller-provided buffers without size validation, enabling memory corruption when processing untrusted NMEA GPS sentences. CVSS 7.5 (High) with network attack vector and low complexity, though impact is currently limited to availability (DoS). Public exploit demonstration exists via GitHub Gist reference. EPSS data not available, not listed in CISA KEV at time of analysis.
Signature verification bypass in bitcoinj-core library allows attackers to forge Bitcoin transaction validations by exploiting fast-path optimization flaws in P2PKH and P2WPKH script execution. Versions 0.15 through 0.17.0 fail to verify that attacker-supplied public keys match the hash committed to in transaction outputs, enabling arbitrary keypairs to satisfy local transaction validation checks. While this does not affect SPV (Simple Payment Verification) nodes that follow proof-of-work without signature verification, applications using the correctlySpends() method for transaction validation or pre-signing checks are vulnerable to accepting fraudulent transactions. Vendor-released patch available in version 0.17.1, fixes confirmed in GitHub commits 2bc5653c and b575a682. No active exploitation confirmed (not in CISA KEV); EPSS data unavailable.
Denial of service in Linux kernel's xprtrdma subsystem causes system hang when memory allocation fails during RDMA receive buffer posting. Affects NFS over RDMA (RoCE/InfiniBand) deployments running kernel versions 5.13 through 6.19.8, 6.18.18 and earlier, 6.12.77 and earlier, 6.6.129 and earlier, 6.1.166 and earlier, and 5.15.202 and earlier. Systems under high memory pressure can trigger hung tasks in the xprtiod workqueue, requiring reboot to recover. EPSS score of 0.02% suggests low widespread exploitation likelihood. Vendor patches available across all affected stable kernel branches.
Null pointer dereference in Linux kernel bonding driver crashes systems running with IPv6 disabled (ipv6.disable=1) when IPv6 Neighbor Solicitation packets arrive on bonded interfaces with ARP/NS validation enabled. Affects Linux kernel versions 5.18+ up to 6.19.9/7.0, with vendor patches available across stable branches (6.1.167, 6.6.130, 6.12.78, 6.18.19, 6.19.9, 7.0). EPSS exploitation probability is very low (0.02%, 7th percentile) and no active exploitation or public POC has been identified, but the high CVSS 7.5 reflects trivial remote triggering (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N) for denial-of-service in affected configurations.
Integer signedness vulnerability in Linux kernel's Ceph networking library (libceph) allows remote attackers to trigger denial of service via crafted monitor map messages. The flaw enables bypassing memory allocation limits by exploiting signed/unsigned integer confusion in ceph_monmap_decode(), causing excessive memory allocation attempts that crash the system. With CVSS 7.5 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N) and 0.02% EPSS score, this represents a network-reachable DoS vector against systems using Ceph storage, though low exploitation probability suggests limited attacker interest. Patches available across all maintained kernel branches (5.15.203, 6.1.167, 6.6.130, 6.12.78, 6.18.19, 6.19.9, 7.0).
Memory exhaustion in Linux kernel NCSI protocol handler allows remote denial of service through resource depletion. The Network Controller Sideband Interface (NCSI) receive and Asynchronous Event Notification (AEN) handlers fail to free socket buffers (skbs) in error paths, enabling network attackers to exhaust kernel memory by sending malformed NCSI packets or triggering device resolution failures. CVSS 7.5 (High severity) reflects unauthenticated network exploitation, though low EPSS score (0.02%, 7th percentile) suggests minimal observed exploitation. Vendor patches available across all active kernel branches (5.10.253, 5.15.203, 6.1.167, 6.6.130, 6.12.78, 6.18.19, 6.19.9, 7.0).
ChaCha cipher implementation in the Linux kernel leaks cryptographic key material through an improperly zeroized stack variable. The ChaCha permutation function leaves 'permuted_state' on the stack after execution, which can be used to reverse-compute the original encryption key since ChaCha's permutation is mathematically invertible. This information disclosure affects kernel cryptographic operations including the RNG (random number generator). EPSS score of 0.02% indicates very low observed exploitation probability, and no active exploitation is confirmed (not in CISA KEV). Patches are available across all maintained kernel versions from 5.10.253 through 6.19.12.
Denial of service in Linux kernel octeontx2-af network driver allows remote unauthenticated attackers to trigger system stalls and deadlocks via network traffic that exploits hardware errata in Marvell OcteonTX2 NIX SQ manager. The vulnerability affects Linux kernel versions from mainline through multiple stable branches, with vendor patches released for 5.10.252, 5.15.202, 6.1.165, 6.6.128, 6.12.75, 6.18.16, 6.19.6, and mainline 7.0. EPSS exploitation probability is low at 0.02% (7th percentile), and no public exploit or active exploitation is confirmed at time of analysis.
RCU tasks grace period stalls cause denial of service in Linux kernel's threaded NAPI busypoll implementation (6.19+). When threaded busypoll is enabled on network interfaces, the napi_threaded_poll_loop function resets its quiescent state tracking (last_qs) on every invocation, preventing rcu_softirq_qs_periodic from reporting grace period completion. This triggers kernel stalls lasting hundreds of seconds (400,000+ jiffies observed), causing tools like bpftrace to hang indefinitely and impacting system stability. Vendor patches available for 6.19.9 and 7.0. EPSS score of 0.02% suggests very low active exploitation likelihood, consistent with this being a kernel-internal RCU mechanism issue affecting specific network polling configurations rather than a remotely triggerable network attack surface.
Linux Kernel versions 6.4 and later containing IPA v5.0+ hardware support experience complete data path failure and indefinite system hangs during suspend or shutdown operations due to a register field misprogramming bug. The event ring index field was incorrectly referenced using an outdated identifier (ERINDEX instead of CH_ERINDEX) in the CH_C_CNTXT_1 register definition, preventing GSI channels from signaling transfer completions. This causes gsi_channel_trans_quiesce() to block indefinitely in wait_for_completion(), resulting in runtime suspend, system suspend, and remoteproc stop operations hanging forever. Patches are available across multiple stable kernel branches (6.6.136, 6.12.83, 6.18.24, 6.19.14, 7.0). EPSS score of 0.02% indicates very low observed exploitation probability, and no active exploitation is confirmed (not in CISA KEV). The CVSS vector indicates network-accessible attack surface, though the actual impact is limited to devices with IPA v5.0+ hardware.
Improper SMB connection reuse in curl allows attackers to cause the library to send confidential request data over an attacker-controlled or unintended SMB connection, breaking the expected isolation between connections. The flaw affects a wide range of curl versions used in countless Linux distributions and embedded products, with a CVSS of 7.5 (confidentiality impact only). No public exploit identified at time of analysis, though SSVC marks exploitation as POC and EPSS remains very low (0.02%, 5th percentile).
Memory corruption in Linux kernel's mlx5 network driver causes denial of service when XDP multi-buffer programs modify packet layout. The flaw specifically affects the mlx5e receive queue fragment tracking logic: when XDP programs call bpf_xdp_pull_data() or bpf_xdp_adjust_tail() to modify buffer layout, the driver fails to properly count dropped fragments, leading to negative page pool reference counts, kernel warnings, and potential system instability. Exploitation requires sending crafted network packets to systems using mlx5 NICs with XDP multi-buffer programs loaded. EPSS score of 0.02% indicates low exploitation probability. Vendor patches available for kernel versions 6.18.19, 6.19.9, and 7.0.
DMA mapping resource leaks in the Linux kernel's spacemit Ethernet MAC driver (emac_tx_mem_map function) allow remote attackers to trigger denial of service through network traffic that causes mapping errors, progressively exhausting kernel memory resources. The vulnerability affects Linux kernel versions 6.18.x through 6.19.9, with vendor patches available for stable branches 6.18.19, 6.19.9, and 7.0. EPSS exploitation probability is very low (0.02%, 4th percentile), and no public exploit or active exploitation has been identified at time of analysis.
Memory corruption in Linux kernel on Qualcomm Monaco-based ARM64 platforms causes kernel crashes through synchronous external aborts when accessing hypervisor-owned memory incorrectly marked as conventional RAM. The firmware's EFI memory map only reserves 288 KiB of a 512 KiB Gunyah hypervisor metadata region (0x91a80000-0x91afffff), leaving 224 KiB exploitable for triggering fatal aborts. Patches available for stable branches 6.18.24, 6.19.14, and 7.0 series. EPSS exploitation probability is very low (0.02%, 4th percentile) with no known active exploitation or public POC, indicating limited real-world threat despite CVSS 7.5 rating.
Cross-origin DOM XSS and handler hijacking in the locize client SDK (browser module) allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary JavaScript, steal translation content, and manipulate the InContext editor UI. Attackers exploit missing postMessage origin validation by crafting messages from any embedded iframe, opened window, or parent frame that shares a window reference with a locize-enabled page. The vulnerability affects all versions prior to 4.0.21, with the vendor confirming exploitation through multiple handler paths (editKey, commitKeys, isLocizeEnabled, requestPopupChanges). No public exploit identified at time of analysis, though the GitHub security advisory provides detailed exploitation vectors including innerHTML injection, attribute-based XSS (onclick, href="javascript:"), and API endpoint hijacking to intercept translation data.
Weak salt generation in Crypt::PasswdMD5 (Perl) through version 1.42 enables password hash cracking via predictable random values. The module uses Perl's built-in rand() function for salt generation instead of cryptographically secure random sources, allowing attackers to predict salt values and drastically reduce the computational cost of offline password cracking attacks. CVSS 7.5 (High) with network vector and no authentication required. SSVC assessment indicates the vulnerability is automatable with partial technical impact. EPSS and KEV data not provided, but the cryptographic weakness is architecturally exploitable wherever these password hashes are transmitted or stored in accessible locations.
Arbitrary file disclosure in the ViewComponent Ruby gem (versions >= 3.0.0, < 4.9.0) lets remote attackers read files outside the intended temp directory via the _system_test_entrypoint route. The controller canonicalizes a user-supplied path with File.realpath but validates containment with a raw String#start_with? prefix check, so a sibling directory sharing the same string prefix (e.g. view_components_evil next to view_components) resolves outside the base yet passes the check and is rendered. A working proof-of-concept test is published in the GHSA advisory; there is no public weaponized exploit and EPSS is 0.01% (1st percentile), and the route ships only in Rails.env.test?, which limits real-world exposure.
Cookie leakage in curl (libcurl) versions 7.71.0 through 8.19.0 allows remote servers to receive cookies intended for a different host when a stale custom cookie host value persists across requests. The flaw, tracked as CWE-319 (cleartext transmission of sensitive information), carries a CVSS 7.5 and SSVC 'partial' technical impact, with no public exploit identified at time of analysis and an EPSS of 0.01%.
Local privilege escalation in Akamai Guardicore Platform Agent 7.0-7.3.1 and Zero Trust Client 6.0-6.1.5 on Linux and macOS enables unprivileged users to gain root access through two distinct vectors: a TOCTOU race condition in the HandleSaveLogs() function that creates world-writable root-owned files via symlink manipulation in /tmp, and command injection in the gimmelogs diagnostic tool executing with root privileges. The vulnerability requires local access with high attack complexity (CVSS AC:H) but no authentication (PR:N), affecting endpoint security agents that typically run with elevated privileges. No active exploitation confirmed at time of analysis; EPSS data not available for this 2026 CVE identifier.
Improper authorization in Open WebUI (formerly Ollama WebUI) versions up to and including 0.1.123 lets self-registered accounts stuck in the 'pending' role make authenticated API calls that should be restricted to approved 'user'/'admin' accounts. Because the API only checks that a JWT is valid (get_current_user) and never verifies the role, an attacker who signs up when open registration is enabled can query connected LLMs and enumerate models despite an admin never approving them. This is a known-PoC issue with publicly available exploit code from the KoreLogic disclosure; EPSS is low (0.06%, 20th percentile) and it is not in CISA KEV.
Arbitrary file write in Open WebUI (formerly Ollama WebUI) 0.1.105 through 0.1.123 lets a user of the chat interface abuse the /rag/api/v1/doc document-upload endpoint to plant attacker-controlled files anywhere the web server process can write. Because the uploaded filename is used verbatim to build the destination path, dot-segment traversal (../../) escapes the uploads directory, enabling code execution by dropping a malicious pickled model or an SSH authorized_keys file. Publicly available exploit code exists (a working cURL PoC is published in the KoreLogic/GHSA advisory), but there is no confirmed active exploitation; EPSS is low at 0.06% (17th percentile).
Authentication bypass in free5GC's NEF (Network Exposure Function) versions below 4.2.2 lets any party with SBI network reach submit forged SMF callbacks: the nnef-callback route group is mounted with no inbound OAuth2/bearer-token middleware, so an arbitrary token such as 'Bearer not-a-real-token' passes straight into callback business logic. An attacker who can guess or obtain a valid NotifId can deliver attacker-controlled event notifications against real subscription state, corrupting AF traffic-influence/PFD-management views and downstream SMF/UPF policy decisions. Publicly available exploit code exists (vendor PoC), but there is no public exploit identified as actively used, and EPSS is very low at 0.04%.
Stored cross-site scripting in Open WebUI (pip package open-webui, versions ≤ 0.7.2) lets a low-privileged user weaponize a crafted XLSX attachment so that when another user opens and previews it, attacker-controlled markup executes in the victim's browser. The flaw stems from the Excel-to-HTML preview path, which converts spreadsheet cells to HTML and injects the result into the DOM without sanitization. Publicly available exploit code exists (PoC in the advisory); EPSS is very low (0.03%) and it is not on CISA KEV, so exploitation is possible but not observed at scale.
Stored cross-site scripting in Open WebUI versions 0.3.5 through 0.8.12 allows authenticated users with model creation permission to inject malicious JavaScript via markdown-link payloads in model descriptions. Attackers craft markdown links with javascript: URIs (e.g., [text](javascript:alert())) that bypass sanitization, are parsed into executable anchor tags by marked.parse(), and rendered unsafely via Svelte's {@html} directive. Successful exploitation enables session token theft from localStorage and full account takeover of admins and other users who view the malicious model in the chat UI. This represents a pipeline-ordering flaw distinct from CVE-2024-7990, which exploited a video-tag restoration logic removed in v0.4.0. Fix confirmed in v0.9.0 (commit 5eab125) via DOMPurify post-processing. EPSS data not provided; CVSS 7.3 reflects network attack vector with low complexity but required authentication and user interaction, limiting automated exploitation.
Use-after-free in Linux kernel ASoC (ALSA System on Chip) subsystem allows local authenticated users with open audio streams to trigger memory corruption during sound card unbind operations. The flaw occurs when PCM stream closure schedules delayed DAPM (Dynamic Audio Power Management) work after widgets are freed, enabling potential privilege escalation or denial of service. EPSS score of 0.02% indicates low observed exploitation probability. Vendor patches available across multiple stable kernel branches (5.10.253, 5.15.203, 6.1.167, 6.6.130, 6.12.78, 6.18.19, 6.19.9, 7.0). No CISA KEV listing or public POC identified at time of analysis.
Remote unauthenticated attackers can forge JWT authentication tokens in AstrBot 3.5.15 by exploiting a hardcoded private key ('Advanced_System_for_Text_Response_and_Bot_Operations_Tool'), enabling full authentication bypass with subsequent remote code execution capabilities. Public exploit code exists on GitHub (Marven11/CVE-2025-55449-AstrBot-RCE) demonstrating weaponization of this cryptographic flaw. EPSS score of 0.00% suggests limited automated scanning activity, but the availability of working RCE exploit code significantly elevates practical risk for exposed instances.
Stored Cross-Site Scripting in Auto Affiliate Links for WordPress allows unauthenticated remote attackers to inject malicious JavaScript into administrator statistics pages through an unprotected AJAX endpoint. The vulnerability stems from missing input sanitization on the 'url' parameter in aal_url_stats_save_action() combined with direct output of stored values in aal_display_clicks() without escaping. Attackers can exploit a publicly exposed nonce and the wp_ajax_nopriv_ hook to store malicious payloads that execute when administrators view click statistics, potentially leading to session hijacking, privilege escalation, or site compromise. Wordfence reported this vulnerability affecting versions through 6.8.8, with a patch released in version 6.8.8.1.
Server-side request forgery in n8n-mcp versions 2.18.7 through 2.50.1 allows authenticated attackers with MCP session access to bypass SSRF protections and send HTTP requests to cloud metadata endpoints and internal services, with response bodies returned directly to the attacker. Multi-tenant HTTP deployments are critically exposed: any tenant sharing an AUTH_TOKEN can exfiltrate AWS IAM, GCP service account, or Azure managed identity credentials from the operator's cloud metadata service (169.254.169.254 and related endpoints). Single-tenant and stdio deployments remain vulnerable via indirect prompt injection attacks that manipulate LLM tool calls. Vendor-released patch: n8n-mcp version 2.50.2. No CVSS score assigned; no public exploit code identified at time of analysis, though the advisory contains sufficient technical detail for proof-of-concept development.
Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) in PromptHub 0.4.9 through 0.5.3 allows authenticated users to bypass IPv6 address validation and probe internal network resources. The /api/skills/fetch-remote endpoint accepts user-supplied URLs and fetches them server-side, reflecting up to 5 MB of response data. Flawed IPv6 validation allows attackers to reach RFC1918 private networks, loopback addresses, and link-local destinations using IPv4-mapped IPv6 hex representations and alternate ::1 notations. When ALLOW_REGISTRATION=true (a documented configuration), any internet user can register and exploit this vulnerability. Vendor-released patch: version 0.5.4. EPSS data not available; no evidence of active exploitation (not in CISA KEV).
XML External Entity (XXE) and XML-bomb weaknesses in SolidCAM-GPPL-IDE (an unofficial third-party Postprocessor IDE extension for SolidCAM), versions 1.0.0 through 1.0.1, let an attacker weaponize a malicious companion .vmid file. When a victim opens an attacker-supplied foo.gpp file, the language server automatically parses foo.vmid from the same directory using XDocument.Load with .NET 8 default DTD processing enabled, allowing recursive entity expansion to exhaust memory and crash the service, and potentially external-entity local file references. Publicly available exploit code exists (SSVC: PoC); it is not in CISA KEV and EPSS is very low (0.04%), indicating no observed widespread exploitation. Patched in version 1.0.2.
Open WebUI versions through 0.8.12 allow any authenticated user to bypass model access controls and interact with restricted LLM models via the /api/openai/responses endpoint. The vulnerability permits low-privilege users to consume expensive models (GPT-4o, o1-pro) restricted by administrators, enabling budget exhaustion and denial of service against legitimate users in multi-tenant deployments. Publicly available exploit code exists via GitHub PR #23481. Vendor-released patch available in version 0.9.0. CVSS 7.1 (High) reflects network-accessible attack with low complexity requiring only basic authentication, yielding high availability impact and low confidentiality impact.
Stack out-of-bounds read in the Linux kernel's netfilter nft_set_pipapo subsystem allows local low-privileged attackers to read 4 bytes past the end of a stack-allocated rulemap array via pipapo_drop(). The flaw was confirmed by KASAN and affects kernels from 5.6 onward until the fixed stable releases. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, and EPSS is very low (0.02%, 7th percentile), but the CVSS 7.1 score reflects the potential for kernel memory disclosure and availability impact.
Out-of-bounds read in the Linux kernel's netfilter nfnetlink_cthelper subsystem allows a local attacker with CAP_NET_ADMIN to trigger an 8-byte OOB read in nfnl_cthelper_dump_table() by racing helper deletion against a netlink dump operation. The flaw stems from a misplaced 'goto restart' that bypasses the for-loop bounds check when cb->args[0] equals nf_ct_helper_hsize, as detected by KASAN. EPSS is 0.02% and no public exploit identified at time of analysis, though a detailed reproducer call trace exists in the commit message.
Out-of-bounds read in the Linux kernel's NVMe PCI driver (nvme_dbbuf_set) allows a local attacker to trigger a slab-out-of-bounds memory access during NVMe controller reset, potentially leading to denial of service or information disclosure. The flaw stems from an incorrect loop bound that iterates past dev->online_queues, reading from kmalloc-2k slab memory belonging to adjacent allocations. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, and the EPSS score of 0.02% reflects a low probability of opportunistic exploitation.
Out-of-bounds read in the Linux kernel's USB CDC-WDM (Communication Device Class - Wireless Device Management) driver allows a local low-privileged attacker to disclose uninitialized kernel memory and potentially crash the host through a memory-ordering race between desc->length updates and a memmove() in the read path. The flaw stems from compiler reordering or CPU out-of-order execution that can cause wdm_read() to observe an updated length before the corresponding data is fully copied, leading copy_to_user() to operate on uninitialized memory. EPSS is very low (0.02%, 7th percentile), there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis, and the issue is not on the CISA KEV list.
Out-of-bounds read in the Linux kernel's rtl8723bs staging Wi-Fi driver allows a local authenticated attacker to read memory beyond the WMM IE buffer and potentially crash the kernel. The flaw resides in rtw_restruct_wmm_ie(), which accesses in_ie[i+5] before validating that the index is within in_len. EPSS is 0.02% (7th percentile) and no public exploit identified at time of analysis, but a vendor-released patch is available across multiple stable branches.
Local unprivileged users can trigger out-of-bounds memory reads in Linux kernel's io_uring subsystem (versions 6.19+) via crafted SQE array mappings when IORING_SETUP_SQE_MIXED is enabled without NO_SQARRAY. By manipulating sq_array indices to point to the last physical SQE slot and submitting 128-byte operations, attackers cause a 64-byte buffer over-read during memcpy operations, potentially leaking sensitive kernel memory. Vendor patches available for affected 6.19.x branches. EPSS score of 0.02% indicates very low observed exploitation probability; no CISA KEV listing or public exploit identified at time of analysis.
Open redirect vulnerability in Snipe-IT versions prior to 8.4.1 allows authenticated attackers to redirect users to malicious sites by poisoning the session-stored HTTP Referer header, enabling phishing, session hijacking, and malware distribution attacks. Exploitation requires prior session poisoning and user interaction (clicking a form submission), limiting real-world practical impact despite moderate CVSS score of 5.9. Vendor-released patch available in version 8.4.1.
HTML injection in Brave CMS 2.0 contact form allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary HTML markup into administrative notification emails. The unauthenticated contact form passes user-supplied message text through nl2br() without HTML escaping, then renders it using Blade's unescaped {!! $msg !!} directive. While JavaScript execution is blocked by modern email clients, attackers can craft convincing phishing interfaces within the email body to target administrators. Upstream fix available via commit 6c56603, which implements HTML escaping using Laravel's e() helper function. EPSS and KEV data not provided. GitHub source diff confirms the vulnerability in ContactController.php and documents the server-side sanitization fix.
SEPPmail Secure Email Gateway before version 15.0.4 exposes server environment variables through an unauthenticated endpoint in the GINA UI, allowing remote attackers to retrieve sensitive system information including configuration details, internal paths, and potentially credentials. The vulnerability requires only network access to the affected endpoint with no authentication, authentication complexity, or user interaction; it is classified as an information disclosure flaw with limited confidentiality impact (CVSS 6.9).
Username enumeration via observable timing discrepancy affects Sync-in Server versions prior to 2.2.0, exposing valid account names to unauthenticated remote attackers through a logic flaw in the /api/auth/login endpoint. The authentication handler short-circuits immediately when a submitted username does not exist in the database, producing responses averaging 95-100ms, while valid usernames that proceed to password hashing return in approximately 350-400ms - a 250-300ms gap measurable by automated tooling. No confirmed active exploitation (not in CISA KEV), but SSVC classifies this as automatable with a publicly validated proof-of-concept technique (TickTock Enum via Burp Suite); EPSS at 0.14% (34th percentile) suggests limited observed exploitation activity to date.
Path traversal vulnerability in YARD prior to version 0.9.42 allows remote attackers to access arbitrary files on a server running yard server with unsanitized HTTP requests when using the --docroot flag. The vulnerability affects the documentation serving functionality and has been patched in version 0.9.42. No public exploit code or active exploitation has been identified at the time of analysis.
Buffer overflow in CROSS crypto_sign_open() function allows remote attackers to corrupt memory via malformed signature input due to integer underflow in message length validation. The vulnerability affects the reference implementation prior to commit fc6b7e7, enabling potential code execution or denial of service when processing untrusted signatures. The flaw exists in the core cryptographic signing operation with no authentication required, making it exploitable in any system integrating this algorithm for signature verification.
Port confusion in pupnp's URI parser allows remote unauthenticated attackers to bypass port-based access controls by supplying port values exceeding 65535 in crafted URIs. The integer truncation caused by atoi() in parse_hostport() within uri.c causes the parsed port to wrap around (e.g., port 65537 resolves to port 1), enabling SSRF-style redirection to unintended internal services. All pupnp releases prior to 1.18.5 are affected; no confirmed active exploitation exists (EPSS 0.04%, no KEV listing), but SSVC rates the attack as automatable with partial technical impact.
Denial of service in Zebra's JSON-RPC HTTP middleware allows authenticated RPC clients to crash a Zebra node by disconnecting mid-request, exploiting improper error handling that treats incomplete HTTP body reads as unrecoverable failures instead of returning error responses. Affects zebrad versions 2.2.0 through 4.3.0 and zebra-rpc versions 1.0.0-beta.45 through 6.0.1. No public exploit code or active exploitation confirmed; patch available in zebrad 4.3.1 and zebra-rpc 6.0.2.