Information Disclosure
Information disclosure occurs when an application unintentionally exposes sensitive data that aids attackers in reconnaissance or directly compromises security.
How It Works
Information disclosure occurs when an application unintentionally exposes sensitive data that aids attackers in reconnaissance or directly compromises security. This happens through multiple channels: verbose error messages that display stack traces revealing internal paths and frameworks, improperly secured debug endpoints left active in production, and misconfigured servers that expose directory listings or version control artifacts like .git folders. APIs often leak excessive data in responses—returning full user objects when only a name is needed, or revealing system internals through metadata fields.
Attackers exploit these exposures systematically. They probe for common sensitive files (.env, config.php, backup archives), trigger error conditions to extract framework details, and analyze response timing or content differences to enumerate valid usernames or resources. Even subtle variations—like "invalid password" versus "user not found"—enable account enumeration. Exposed configuration files frequently contain database credentials, API keys, or internal service URLs that unlock further attack vectors.
The attack flow typically starts with passive reconnaissance: examining HTTP headers, JavaScript bundles, and public endpoints for version information and architecture clues. Active probing follows—testing predictable paths, manipulating parameters to trigger exceptions, and comparing responses across similar requests to identify information leakage patterns.
Impact
- Credential compromise: Exposed configuration files, hardcoded secrets in source code, or API keys enable direct authentication bypass
- Attack surface mapping: Stack traces, framework versions, and internal paths help attackers craft targeted exploits for known vulnerabilities
- Data breach: Direct exposure of user data, payment information, or proprietary business logic through oversharing APIs or accessible backups
- Privilege escalation pathway: Internal URLs, service discovery information, and architecture details facilitate lateral movement and SSRF attacks
- Compliance violations: GDPR, PCI-DSS, and HIPAA penalties for exposing regulated data through preventable disclosures
Real-World Examples
A major Git repository exposure affected thousands of websites when .git folders remained accessible on production servers, allowing attackers to reconstruct entire source code histories including deleted commits containing credentials. Tools like GitDumper automated mass exploitation of this misconfiguration.
Cloud storage misconfigurations have repeatedly exposed sensitive data when companies left S3 buckets or Azure Blob containers publicly readable. One incident exposed 150 million voter records because verbose API error messages revealed the storage URL structure, and no authentication was required.
Framework debug modes left enabled in production have caused numerous breaches. Django's DEBUG=True setting exposed complete stack traces with database queries and environment variables, while Laravel's debug pages revealed encryption keys through the APP_KEY variable in environment dumps.
Mitigation
- Generic error pages: Return uniform error messages to users; log detailed exceptions server-side only
- Disable debug modes: Enforce production configurations that suppress stack traces, verbose logging, and debug endpoints through deployment automation
- Access control audits: Restrict or remove development artifacts (
.git, backup files,phpinfo()) and internal endpoints before deployment - Response minimization: API responses should return only necessary fields; implement allowlists rather than blocklists for data exposure
- Security headers: Deploy
X-Content-Type-Options, remove server version banners, and disable directory indexing - Timing consistency: Ensure authentication and validation responses take uniform time regardless of input validity
Recent CVEs (71057)
The Sonic CD Lite (aka com.soa.sega.soniccdlite) application 1.0.4 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The DISH Anywhere (aka com.sm.SlingGuide.Dish) application 3.5.10 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and obtain. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Slingo Lottery Challenge (aka com.slingo.slingolotterychallenge) application 1.0.34 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Penguin Run (aka com.skyboard.google.penguinRun) application 1.1 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Skout: Chats. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Brain lab - brain age games IQ (aka com.sixdead.brainlab) application 2.37 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Parallel Kingdom MMO (aka com.silvermoon.client) application @7F070019 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Furdiburb (aka com.sheado.lite.pet) application 1.1.2 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and obtain. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Dress Up!. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Sonic 4 Episode II LITE (aka com.sega.sonic4ep2lite) application 2.3 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Hello Kitty Cafe (aka com.sd.google.helloKittyCafe) application 1.4.0 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Scoutmob local deals & events (aka com.scoutmob.ile) application 3.0.18 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Slots Vacation - FREE Slots (aka com.scopely.slotsvacation) application 1.47.2 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Safeway (aka com.safeway.client.android.safeway) application 4.1.0 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Flurry library before 3.4.0 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and obtain sensitive information via a. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Best Phone Security (aka com.rvappstudios.phonesecurity) application for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Runtastic Timer (aka com.runtastic.android.timer) application 1.0.1 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Runtastic Road Bike (aka com.runtastic.android.roadbike.lite) application 2.0.1 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Runtastic Pedometer (aka com.runtastic.android.pedometer.lite) application 1.5 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Runtastic Mountain Bike (aka com.runtastic.android.mountainbike.lite) application 2.0.1 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Runtastic Me (aka com.runtastic.android.me.lite) application 1.0.2 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Runtastic Heart Rate (aka com.runtastic.android.heartrate.lite) application 1.3 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Runtastic Running & Fitness (aka com.runtastic.android) application 5.1.2 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Piano Teacher (aka com.rubycell.pianisthd) application 20140730 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Retale - Weekly Ads & Deals (aka com.retale.android) application 2.1.3 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The XDA-Developers (aka com.quoord.tapatalkxda.activity) application 3.9.8 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Tapatalk (aka com.quoord.tapatalkpro.activity) application 4.8.0 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The PopU 2: Get Likes on Instagram (aka com.popuapp.popu) application 1.7.5 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The IQ Test (aka com.pophub.androidiqtest.free) application 3.3 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and obtain. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Point Inside Shopping & Travel (aka com.pointinside.android.app) application 3.1.0 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Township (aka com.playrix.township) application 1.5.1 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and obtain. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Phonegram - Instagram Download (aka com.pinssible.padgram) application 1.9.5 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The PicsArt - Photo Studio (aka com.picsart.studio) application 4.5.5 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Easy Finder & Anti-Theft (aka com.nqmobile.easyfinder) application 2.0.10.08 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The NQ Mobile Security & Antivirus (aka com.nqmobile.antivirus20) application 7.2.16.00 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Super Stickman Golf (aka com.noodlecake.ssg) application 2.2 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and obtain. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The SAS: Zombie Assault 3 (aka com.ninjakiwi.sas3zombieassault) application 2.56 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The 9GAG - Funny pics and videos (aka com.ninegag.android.app) application 2.4.10 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The BAND -Group sharing & planning (aka com.nhn.android.band) application 3.2.8 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Vault-Hide SMS, Pics & Videos (aka com.netqin.ps) application 5.0.14.22 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The AVD Download Video (aka com.myboyfriendisageek.videocatcher.demo) application 3.3.13 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Spider Solitaire (aka com.mobilityware.spider) application 3.0.0 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The FreeCell Solitaire (aka com.mobilityware.freecell) application 2.1.2 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Rail Rush (aka com.miniclip.railrush) application 1.9.0 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and obtain. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Anger of Stick 3 (aka com.miniclip.angerofstick3) application 1.0.3 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The TN Members 1st FCU-RDC (aka com.metova.cuae.tmffcu) application 1.0.28 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The ASTRO File Manager with Cloud (aka com.metago.astro) application ASTRO-4.4.592 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The MercadoLibre (aka com.mercadolibre) application 3.8.7 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and obtain. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The CA Lottery Results (aka com.matcho0.calotto) application 2.1 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and obtain. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The TRA Auctions for Buyers (aka com.manheim.tra) application 2.6 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and obtain. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The CM Browser - Fast & Secure (aka com.ksmobile.cb) application 5.0.50 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Kaspersky Internet Security (aka com.kms.free) application 11.4.4.232 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Unblock Me FREE (aka com.kiragames.unblockmefree) application 1.4.4.2 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Kicksend Photo Prints (aka com.kicksend.android.print) application 1.0.7 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Kicksend: Share & Print Photos (aka com.kicksend.android) application 3.3.2.18 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Traffic Jam Free (aka com.jiuzhangtech.rushhour) application 1.7.7 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The iLove - Free Dating & Chat App (aka com.jestadigital.android.ilove) application 1.3.3 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Chat, Flirt & Dating Heart JAUMO (aka com.jaumo) application 2.7.5 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The ISL Light Remote Desktop (aka com.islonline.isllight.mobile.android) application 2.1.0 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The AMC Security- Antivirus, Clean (aka com.iobit.mobilecare) application 4.4.1 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The CamScanner -Phone PDF Creator (aka com.intsig.camscanner) application 3.4.0.20140624 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Brightest LED Flashlight (aka com.intellectualflame.ledflashlight.washer) application 1.2.4 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Instachat -Instagram Messenger (aka com.instachat.android) application 1.6.2 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The IMPI Mobile Security (aka com.impi) application 2.1.0 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and obtain. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Cloud Manager (aka com.ileaf.cloud_manager) application 1.6 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and obtain. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The CM Backup -Restore,Cloud,Photo (aka com.ijinshan.kbackup) application 1.1.0.135 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The ADT Taxis (aka com.icabbi.adttaxisApp) application 6 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and obtain. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Huntington Mobile (aka com.huntington.m) application 2.1.222 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and obtain. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Eu Sei (aka com.guilardi.eusei) application eusei_android_5.5 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and obtain. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Cloud Browser (aka com.granitamalta.cloudbrowser) application 2.2.1 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Buy Yorkshire Conference (aka com.gotfocus.buyyorkshire) application 1.4 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Madipass Martinique (aka com.goodbarber.madipassmartinique) application 1.8 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Kiss Kiss Office (aka com.girlsgames123.kisskissoffice) application 1 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Mega Jump (aka com.getsetgames.megajump) application @7F080002 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Video Poker Casino (aka com.geaxgame.videopoker) application 1.0.5 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Home Repair (aka com.gcspublishing.houserepairtalk) application 3.7.9 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Stupid Zombies (aka com.gameresort.stupidzombies) application 1.12 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Wonder Zoo - Animal rescue !. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Ice Age Village (aka com.gameloft.android.ANMP.GloftIAHM) application 2.8.0m for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Brothers In Arms 2 Free+ (aka com.gameloft.android.ANMP.GloftB2HM) application 1.2.0b for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Perfect Kick (aka com.gamegou.PerfectKick.google) application 1.3.0 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Sniper Shooter Free - Fun Game (aka com.fungamesforfree.snipershooter.free) application 2.8 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The penguinchefshop (aka com.freegames.penguinchefshop) application 1.0.1 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Follow Mania for Instagram (aka com.followmania) application 1.2.1 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Office Zombie (aka com.fluik.OfficeZombieGoogleFree) application 1.3.13 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Office Jerk Free (aka com.fluik.OfficeJerkFree) application 1.7.13 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Cartoon Camera (aka com.fingersoft.cartooncamera) application 1.2.2 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Exsoul Web Browser (aka com.exsoul) application 3.3.3 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and obtain. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Web Browser & Explorer (aka com.explore.web.browser) application 2.0.7 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Snap Secure (aka com.exclaim.snapsecure.app) application 9.5 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and obtain. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.