Information Disclosure

A flaw was found in the X.Org X server's XKB key types request validation. A local attacker could send a specially crafted request to the X server, leading to an out-of-bounds memory access vulnerability. This could result in the disclosure of sensitive information or cause the server to crash, leading to a Denial of Service (DoS). In certain configurations, higher impact outcomes may be possible.

Cache poisoning in @astrojs/node versions 9.4.4 and earlier allows unauthenticated remote attackers to poison CDN caches by sending malformed if-match headers to static asset endpoints, causing the server to return 500 errors with immutable one-year cache directives instead of the correct 412 Precondition Failed response. This vulnerability affects all subsequent requests to poisoned assets until the cache expires, breaking application functionality for legitimate users. The vulnerability is not actively exploited in the wild, but proof-of-concept exploitation is straightforward and requires only a single crafted HTTP request.

n8n-mcp v2.47.10 and earlier in HTTP transport mode logs sensitive authentication credentials and request metadata regardless of authentication outcome, allowing disclosure of bearer tokens, API keys, and JSON-RPC payloads to any system with access to server logs. While access control correctly rejects unauthenticated requests with 401 responses, the sensitive data from those rejected requests is persisted in logs before authentication is enforced, creating an information disclosure vulnerability (CWE-532) with CVSS 5.3 (low confidentiality impact). No public exploit code or active exploitation is documented; patch is available in v2.47.11.

An unauthenticated remote attacker is able to exhaust all available TCP connections in the CODESYS EtherNet/IP adapter stack, preventing legitimate clients from establishing new connections.

Uninitialized variable usage in OpenSC's libopensc library enables information disclosure and denial of service when processing specially crafted responses from malicious USB devices or smart cards. Attackers must physically present a crafted USB or smart card device to trigger the vulnerability, which reads uninitialized memory from the stack or heap, potentially exposing sensitive data or causing application crashes. No public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis.

Use-after-free in Linux kernel CAN raw socket implementation allows local authenticated attackers to corrupt memory and potentially achieve code execution. The vulnerability stems from premature deallocation of percpu uniq storage in raw_release() while raw_rcv() may still access it via deferred RCU callbacks. Patches available for kernel versions 6.12.83, 6.18.24, 6.19.14, and 7.0.1. EPSS exploitation probability remains low (0.02%, 5th percentile) with no active exploitation confirmed at time of analysis.

Denial of service in Linux kernel nexthop query handling allows local authenticated attackers to crash the kernel by querying nexthop objects with large Equal-Cost Multi-Path groups via the RTM_GETNEXTHOP netlink message. The vulnerability stems from fixed-size socket buffer allocation that overflows when processing nexthop groups exceeding approximately 512 members, triggering a kernel warning and potential system instability.

Information disclosure in Google BigQuery materialized view refresh allows authenticated users to extract sensitive data via crafted views that generate error messages containing confidential information. Google Cloud Platform patched this server-side vulnerability on 29 January 2026 with automatic remediation requiring no customer action. The CVSS 4.0 score of 7.1 reflects high confidentiality impact with network-accessible attack vector and low attack complexity, though no public exploit or CISA KEV listing exists at time of analysis.

PRNG state reuse across forked processes in CryptX for Perl allows remote attackers to recover private signing keys through cryptographic nonce-reuse attacks. When Crypt::PK objects are created before fork() in preforking web servers like Starman, every child process inherits identical PRNG state, causing duplicate randomness in cryptographic operations. Two ECDSA or DSA signatures generated by different worker processes are sufficient to mathematically recover the private key. EPSS exploitation probability is low (0.02%), but CISA SSVC framework confirms proof-of-concept availability and automatable exploitation. Vendor patch released in CryptX 0.088.

The HT Mega Addons for Elementor WordPress plugin before 3.0.7 contains an unauthenticated AJAX action returning some PII (such as full name, city, state and country) of customers who placed orders in the last 7 days

UUID library versions before 14.0.0 make unexpected writes to external output buffers when generating UUID versions 3, 5, or 6, potentially corrupting adjacent memory. UUID version 4, the most commonly deployed variant, is unaffected. The vulnerability requires local access and non-default buffer configuration to exploit, resulting in integrity compromise rather than code execution or availability impact.

Reliance on reverse DNS resolution in ericc-ch copilot-api up to version 0.7.0 allows authenticated remote attackers to manipulate the Host header in the /token endpoint, leading to information disclosure. The vulnerability affects the Header Handler component and has been publicly disclosed with exploit code available; the vendor did not respond to early disclosure notification.

IBM Security Verify Access and Verify Identity Access products versions 10.0 through 10.0.9.1 and 11.0 through 11.0.2 use cryptographic algorithms weaker than expected, allowing authenticated network attackers to decrypt highly sensitive information. The vulnerability affects both containerized and non-containerized deployments across multiple major versions. CVSS 6.5 reflects high confidentiality impact with low attack complexity, though authenticated access is required.

IBM Guardium Data Protection 12.0 through 12.2 contains a security misconfiguration in the user access control panel that allows high-privilege administrators to modify integrity settings without proper authorization constraints. The vulnerability is remotely accessible and requires existing administrative credentials, resulting in limited integrity impact with no confidentiality or availability effect. CVSS score of 2.7 reflects the low risk profile due to required administrative authentication and minimal scope of impact.

LangSmith Client SDKs in JavaScript (prior to 0.5.19) and Python (prior to 0.7.31) fail to apply output redaction controls to streaming token events, allowing sensitive LLM-generated content to leak into LangSmith platform storage despite hideOutputs/hide_outputs being enabled. Unauthenticated remote attackers can intercept or access unredacted streamed tokens if they gain visibility into run events, bypassing the intended confidentiality controls.

DLL hijacking in LiveOn Meet Client and Canon Network Camera Plugin installers allows local attackers to execute arbitrary code with installer privileges when users run vulnerable installer executables from directories containing malicious DLLs. The flaw affects four installer executables (Downloader5Installer.exe, Downloader5InstallerForAdmin.exe, CanonNWCamPlugin.exe, CanonNWCamPluginForAdmin.exe) version 1.0.0.0. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, though the attack technique is well-documented. CVSS 8.4 (High) reflects significant impact contingent on user interaction and attacker's ability to place malicious files in the installer directory before execution - real-world risk depends heavily on organizational download practices and endpoint controls preventing untrusted DLL placement.

Sandbox bypass in ByteDance verl up to version 0.7.0 allows remote attackers to achieve limited information disclosure through manipulation of the math_equal function in prime_math/grader.py. The vulnerability requires high attack complexity and has been publicly documented with exploit code available, though the vendor has not responded to early disclosure attempts.

Mass deletion of content, assets, and user accounts in Statamic CMS versions prior to 5.73.20 and 6.13.0 occurs via query parameter manipulation on Control Panel endpoints (requiring minimal authentication like 'view entries' permission) or unauthenticated exploitation through REST/GraphQL APIs if explicitly enabled without authentication. Authenticated attackers with low-privilege viewer roles can escalate to delete resources they should only read. Unauthenticated attackers can exploit misconfigured API endpoints (non-default configuration) to achieve the same destructive impact. CVSS 8.1 (High) reflects network-accessible attack with low complexity, though exploitation conditions vary significantly by deployment configuration. No active exploitation confirmed (not in CISA KEV), EPSS data not provided.

Buffer over-read in rust-openssl's password callback APIs allows information disclosure when a user-supplied callback returns a value larger than the provided buffer. The vulnerability affects rust-openssl bindings to OpenSSL 1.x and 2.x; OpenSSL 3.x implementations are not vulnerable. An attacker who controls the password callback can read sensitive data from adjacent memory regions.

Denial of service via memory exhaustion in pypdf prior to 6.10.2 allows local attackers with user interaction to crash applications processing crafted PDF files containing FlateDecode-compressed images with inflated size values. The vulnerability exhausts available RAM during decompression, affecting any system using vulnerable pypdf versions to parse untrusted PDF documents.

Denial of service via algorithmic complexity in pypdf versions prior to 6.10.2 allows local attackers to cause long runtimes by crafting a PDF with an excessively large trailer /Size value when loaded in incremental mode. The vulnerability requires user interaction to load the malicious PDF and results in availability degradation rather than data compromise. Patch version 6.10.2 is available from the vendor.

Memory exhaustion in pypdf prior to 6.10.2 allows local attackers to craft malicious PDF files that exhaust system RAM when processed. The vulnerability requires user interaction to open a specially crafted PDF containing a /FlateDecode stream with a /Predictor value other than 1 and large predictor parameters. Vendor-released patch available in version 6.10.2.

Denial of service in pypdf prior to version 6.10.1 allows remote attackers to craft malicious PDF files with oversized cross-reference stream `/Size` values or object stream `/N` values, causing excessive processing time and long runtimes. No authentication is required; the vulnerability is triggered by parsing a specially crafted PDF file. Patch version 6.10.1 is available from the vendor.

XML node injection in the @xmldom/xmldom npm package allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary XML elements via maliciously crafted comment content containing the sequence '-->' which prematurely terminates comments during serialization. Applications processing untrusted input through createComment() or manipulating comment node data can emit structurally altered XML that downstream consumers parse as attacker-controlled elements. Public exploit code exists (GitHub PR #987). CVSS:4.0 rates this 8.7 (High) with network vector, low complexity, and no privileges required. Vendor-released patches require opt-in protection flag { requireWellFormed: true } to maintain backward compatibility with W3C spec defaults; existing code remains vulnerable unless explicitly migrated.

Path traversal in EspoCRM admin template management allows authenticated administrators to read, create, overwrite, or delete arbitrary files on the server filesystem. The vulnerability affects all versions prior to 9.3.4 and stems from unsanitized `name` and `scope` parameters in template path construction. Publicly available exploit code exists (GitHub security advisory GHSA-44c3-xjfp-3jrh), though no CISA KEV listing or confirmed active exploitation. CVSS 7.2 reflects high impact across confidentiality, integrity, and availability, but exploitation requires high-privilege (admin) access, significantly limiting real-world exposure to insider threats or compromised admin credentials.

Expression injection in Nuclei's template evaluation engine allows malicious HTTP servers to inject and execute DSL expressions via response data reused in multi-step templates. When the `-env-vars` flag is enabled (off by default), attackers can exfiltrate host environment variables including API keys and credentials; without this flag, injected expressions may trigger helper functions with limited security impact. Nuclei v3.8.0+ patches the vulnerability by collecting expressions from template source before placeholder substitution, preventing response-derived data from being reinterpreted as executable DSL syntax.

Nuclei v3.7.0 and earlier allow JavaScript templates to read arbitrary `.js` and `.json` files from the host filesystem via the `require()` function, bypassing the `allow-local-file-access` restriction. This enables unauthenticated local attackers or users running untrusted templates to extract sensitive data from configuration files, credential stores, and cloud credentials. The vulnerability is limited to these two file types but can expose secrets in `package.json`, environment configs, and similar files commonly present on developer or server systems.

Server-side request forgery in monetr's Lunch Flow integration allows authenticated users on self-hosted instances to force the server to issue HTTP GET requests to arbitrary URLs, with response bodies from failed requests reflected in API error messages. This enables information disclosure attacks against internal networks, cloud metadata endpoints (AWS EC2 instance metadata without IMDSv2), and RFC1918 private addresses. The vulnerability is compounded by unbounded response buffering that creates a denial-of-service vector via memory exhaustion. Patch available in v1.12.5. The hosted my.monetr.app service is not affected as Lunch Flow is disabled there. Self-hosted instances with default configuration (Lunch Flow enabled, public signup allowed) are at highest risk.

Remote denial-of-service in OpenVPN server allows a low-privileged network attacker possessing a valid tls-crypt-v2 client key to crash the server daemon by sending a suitably malformed packet that passes cryptographic validation but triggers a fatal ASSERT() failure, terminating the server process and disconnecting all active VPN sessions. The vulnerability is limited to deployments with tls-crypt-v2 enabled and requires possession of a legitimate client key, constraining the attacker pool. No public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis, and the vulnerability is not listed in the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog.

OpenVPN's TLS handshake race condition exposes confidential packet data from prior handshake sessions to authenticated remote attackers, affecting versions before 2.6.20 in the 2.6.x branch and before 2.7.2 in the 2.7.x branch. The CWE-125 out-of-bounds read flaw scores 6.1 under CVSS 4.0 with High confidentiality and availability impacts, though the AC:H (High Complexity) rating reflects that successful exploitation requires winning a narrow timing window, limiting opportunistic mass exploitation. No public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis and this CVE is not listed in CISA KEV; vendor-released patches for both stable branches were published April 22, 2026.

CPython's http.cookies.Morsel.js_output() method generates inline script snippets that fail to neutralize the HTML parser-sensitive sequence </script>, allowing attackers with high privilege levels to inject arbitrary JavaScript by crafting malicious cookie values. While the method escapes double quotes for JavaScript string context, it does not prevent premature termination of the script element through </script> injection, resulting in limited information disclosure. The vendor has released patches addressing this inadequate escaping mechanism through base64-encoding of cookie values.

Denial of service in Nimiq Core's history synchronization allows remote peers to trigger a panic in HistoryStore::put_historic_txns by submitting malformed transaction history with block numbers violating invariant constraints. During history sync, the panic occurs before validation checks compare the computed history root against the macro block header, causing affected nodes to crash. The CVSS score of 5.3 reflects high availability impact but requires user interaction and high attack complexity to exploit.

The Nimiq staking contract accepts UpdateValidator transactions that omit proof-of-knowledge validation when updating voting keys, enabling rogue-key attacks against BLS signature aggregation used in Tendermint block justification. An attacker who can predict the next epoch's validator set could forge quorum-appearing block justifications with a single signature. Exploitation is constrained by the requirement to predict future validator set composition via VRF, making real-world attacks unlikely despite the critical cryptographic impact. Vendor-released patch v1.3.0 addresses the vulnerability.

Denial of service in nimiq-primitives (Nimiq blockchain core library) allows remote unauthenticated attackers to crash nodes via malformed peer-to-peer messages. Attackers announce election macro blocks containing invalid compressed BLS voting keys, triggering an unwrap() panic during header hash validation. Affects all versions prior to 1.3.0. CVSS 7.5 (High) with network attack vector and no complexity. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, but attack is trivial to execute given the network-accessible attack surface and lack of authentication requirements.

Integer truncation in Nimiq core-rs-albatross's skip block proof verification allows authenticated validators to forge consensus quorum with insufficient signatures. Prior to v1.3.0, attackers exploit usize-to-u16 casting during BitSet iteration by inserting indices spaced at 65536 intervals - these inflate the quorum count via len() but collapse onto identical u16 slots during BLS signature aggregation, enabling a single malicious validator to masquerade as 2f+1 signers and pass verification. CVSS 9.6 (Critical) reflects network vector with low complexity and changed scope impacting integrity and availability of the Proof-of-Stake consensus. No EPSS or KEV data available; vendor-released patch confirmed in v1.3.0 via GitHub advisory and commit d020590.

Xerte Online Toolkits versions 3.15 and earlier expose the server-side filesystem root path through an unauthenticated GET request to the /setup page, allowing remote attackers to retrieve sensitive path information rendered in HTML responses. This information disclosure enables exploitation of path-dependent vulnerabilities such as relative path traversal in connector.php, potentially leading to unauthorized file access or further system compromise.

A logging issue was addressed with improved data redaction. This issue is fixed in iOS 18.7.8 and iPadOS 18.7.8, iOS 26.4.2 and iPadOS 26.4.2. Notifications marked for deletion could be unexpectedly retained on the device.

Logic error in uutils coreutils cut utility causes incorrect behavior when combining the -s (only-delimited), -z (null-terminated), and -d '' (empty delimiter) flags, resulting in unfiltered records being emitted instead of suppressed. This breaks data integrity for automated pipelines relying on cut -s to exclude records without delimiters, affecting local users with limited privileges. The vulnerability has low exploitability (CVSS 3.3, SSVC indicates no exploitation status and non-automatable attack), but poses information disclosure and data corruption risks in security-sensitive data processing workflows.

Logic error in uutils coreutils cut utility causes incorrect interpretation of the literal two-byte string '' (two single quotes) as an empty delimiter, leading to silent data corruption when processing strings with these characters. The vulnerability affects uutils coreutils versions prior to 0.8.0 and impacts automated scripts and data pipelines that rely on precise delimiter handling, as the utility may unintentionally split or join data on NUL bytes rather than intended literal characters.

uutils coreutils tr utility misdefines POSIX character classes [:graph:] and [:print:], incorrectly including ASCII space (0x20) in [:graph:] and excluding it from [:print:] - the opposite of standard behavior. This logic error causes unintended data modification or loss when tr is used in automated scripts or data pipelines that depend on correct character class semantics, such as deletion of graphical characters inadvertently removing all spaces and corrupting structured data. Affects coreutils versions prior to 0.8.0; patch is available from vendor.

Logic error in uutils coreutils expr utility evaluates parenthesized subexpressions during parsing rather than execution, breaking short-circuit evaluation for logical OR and AND operations. This causes arithmetic errors in dead code branches (e.g., division by zero) to trigger fatal errors instead of being safely ignored, breaking shell script control flow and diverging from GNU expr compatibility. Affects uutils coreutils versions prior to 0.8.0; publicly available exploit code exists per SSVC data.

Time-of-Check to Time-of-Use (TOCTOU) race condition in the chcon utility of uutils coreutils allows local attackers with directory write access to redirect recursive security label operations to unintended files or directories via symbolic link or rename races, potentially compromising SELinux security controls. The vulnerability affects versions prior to 0.8.0 and requires low privileges and high attack complexity to exploit, making it a moderate-severity issue with partial technical impact.

The split utility in uutils coreutils corrupts output filenames when processing non-UTF-8 prefix or suffix inputs by converting invalid byte sequences to UTF-8 replacement characters, causing filename mismatches, collisions, and potential data misdirection. Affected versions prior to 0.8.0 on all platforms exhibit this behavior, which deviates from GNU split's byte-preservation semantics. Local authenticated users can trigger the vulnerability through crafted non-UTF-8 input, leading to integrity issues in automated workflows relying on predictable filename generation.

The split utility in uutils coreutils contains a time-of-check to time-of-use (TOCTOU) race condition that allows local attackers with directory write access to manipulate symbolic links between the initial path validation and file truncation, causing data loss to unintended target files including the input file or other sensitive files. CVSS 6.3 (local, high complexity, low privilege required); SSVC assesses as non-exploitable in automated attacks but partial technical impact due to manual race window exploitation requirements.

The ln utility in uutils coreutils fails to honor the --no-dereference flag when the --force flag is not simultaneously enabled, allowing local attackers with low privileges to redirect symbolic link operations into unintended directories. An attacker can manipulate existing symlinks to cause a privileged user or system script running ln -n to create files in sensitive directories, leading to unauthorized file creation or system misconfiguration. CVSS score of 5.0 reflects local attack vector and low complexity; SSVC framework indicates non-automatable exploitation with partial technical impact.

The id utility in uutils coreutils displays incorrect effective user information in its pretty-print output when real and effective UIDs differ, using the effective GID instead of effective UID for name lookup. This causes misleading diagnostic output that could lead system administrators or automated scripts to make incorrect access control decisions, though impact is limited to information disclosure with no direct code execution or system compromise.

The nohup utility in uutils coreutils creates its default output file with world-readable permissions (0644) instead of owner-only (0600), allowing any local user to read captured stdout/stderr and access potentially sensitive information in multi-user systems. This information disclosure vulnerability affects all versions of uutils coreutils and diverges from the secure permission model implemented in GNU coreutils.

The mv utility in uutils coreutils improperly expands symbolic links instead of preserving them during moves across filesystem boundaries, allowing local authenticated users to trigger resource exhaustion via disk space consumption, disclose sensitive data through unexpected file duplication, or cause denial of service through infinite symlink loop recursion. Affected versions prior to 0.7.0 are vulnerable; a vendor-released patch is available.

A time-of-check to time-of-use (TOCTOU) race condition in the mv utility of uutils coreutils during cross-device move operations allows local attackers with write access to the destination directory to exploit a window between file deletion and recreation, injecting a symbolic link to redirect privileged write operations and overwrite arbitrary files. Exploitation requires moderate attack complexity and local access with limited privileges, but grants the ability to corrupt or modify files beyond the attacker's normal permissions. Publicly available exploit code exists but the vulnerability has not been confirmed in active exploitation.

The touch utility in uutils coreutils suffers from a Time-of-Check to Time-of-Use (TOCTOU) race condition that allows local attackers with user-level privileges to truncate arbitrary files and cause permanent data loss. The vulnerability exists in the window between when touch checks for a missing file and when it attempts file creation with O_TRUNC flag; an attacker can inject a symlink or create a file at the target path during this interval, causing touch to truncate an existing file that the attacker controls. SSVC framework indicates exploitation is possible via proof-of-concept code, though automation is not feasible due to race condition complexity.

Time-of-Check to Time-of-Use (TOCTOU) vulnerability in uutils coreutils cp utility allows local attackers with write access to bypass no-dereference protections and read arbitrary sensitive files. The cp command checks symbolic link status via metadata but opens files without O_NOFOLLOW, permitting race condition exploitation where an attacker swaps a regular file for a symbolic link between check and use, causing a privileged cp process to copy sensitive file contents to attacker-controlled destinations. Publicly available exploit code exists; SSVC framework indicates partial technical impact with non-automatable exploitation.

The cp utility in uutils coreutils exposes sensitive file contents through a race condition where destination files are created with overly permissive umask-derived permissions before being restricted to their final restrictive mode. A local authenticated attacker can open the file during this narrow window to obtain a valid file descriptor that remains readable even after permissions are tightened, bypassing intended access controls. CVSS 4.7 with high confidentiality impact but limited exploitability due to high attack complexity and moderate SSVC rating.

Privilege escalation via symlink attack in uutils coreutils install utility when using the -D flag allows local attackers with write access to redirect privileged file writes to arbitrary locations. The vulnerability exploits a Time-of-Check to Time-of-Use (TOCTOU) race condition between parent directory creation and target file creation, neither anchored to a directory file descriptor. CISA reports no active exploitation (SSVC: none), but the attack is non-automatable and requires specific concurrent write access conditions.

Time-of-Check to Time-of-Use (TOCTOU) race condition in uutils coreutils install utility allows local authenticated attackers to redirect privileged file writes to arbitrary system locations via symbolic link swapping. By exploiting the window between file unlinking and recreation, an attacker with local access and low privileges can overwrite critical system files when the install command runs with elevated privileges, achieving both integrity compromise and denial of service.

Time-of-check-time-of-use (TOCTOU) vulnerability in uutils coreutils mv utility during cross-device file moves allows local attackers with directory write access to manipulate extended attributes (xattrs) on destination files by swapping files between sequential path-based system calls, potentially causing security labels like SELinux attributes or file capabilities to be applied inconsistently. CVSS 4.7 (local, high complexity) with confirmed vulnerability reported by Canonical; CISA SSVC assessment indicates non-automatable exploitation with partial technical impact.

The mv utility in uutils coreutils fails to preserve file ownership when moving files across filesystem boundaries, causing moved files to be reassigned to the caller's UID/GID instead of retaining the source file's ownership metadata. When invoked by privileged users (such as root), this results in unexpected ownership changes that can lead to information disclosure or access restrictions for legitimate file owners. Exploitation requires local access and high privileges; a public proof-of-concept exists but active exploitation has not been confirmed in the wild.

The cp utility in uutils coreutils improperly preserves setuid and setgid bits when the chown operation fails during file copying with the -p flag, potentially creating unprivileged user-owned files that retain elevated privilege bits and violate security policies. This behavior diverges from GNU cp, which strips these bits when ownership preservation fails. Local users with write access to directories can exploit this to create unexpected privileged executables.

The comm utility in uutils coreutils drains FIFO and pipe streams before performing file comparison due to premature data consumption in the are_files_identical function, causing silent data loss and potential indefinite hangs on infinite streams. Local authenticated users can trigger this vulnerability to corrupt or lose data in piped workflows, affecting the integrity of command-line data processing chains.

The comm utility in uutils coreutils silently corrupts binary and non-UTF-8 encoded file output by replacing invalid UTF-8 byte sequences with the Unicode replacement character (U+FFFD), diverging from GNU comm's byte-preserving behavior. This affects any user comparing files with legacy encodings or binary content, resulting in data integrity loss. A proof-of-concept demonstrating the lossy conversion exists, and a patch is available.

The tail utility in uutils coreutils discloses sensitive file contents through improper symlink handling when using the --follow=name option. Unlike GNU tail, uutils continues monitoring a file path after it has been replaced with a symbolic link, causing it to output the contents of the link's target. A local attacker with write access to a monitored directory can exploit this to exfiltrate sensitive system files such as /etc/shadow when a privileged user (e.g., root) runs tail in follow mode. Publicly available exploit code exists, and the vulnerability requires local access and specific deployment conditions (privileged tail process monitoring user-writable directories).

Silent data corruption in uutils coreutils dd utility results from unconditionally suppressing truncation errors on regular files and directories, allowing backup and migration scripts to report successful operations while destination files contain old or corrupted data when disk space is exhausted or file systems are read-only.

The cut utility in uutils coreutils fails to suppress non-delimited lines when the -s (only-delimited) option is used with a newline character as the delimiter, causing unfiltered data to be passed to downstream processes. Affected versions prior to 0.8.0 exhibit this logic error, which has low real-world impact due to local-only attack vector and partial technical scope, though it violates strict data filtering contracts that scripts may depend upon.

mktemp utility in uutils coreutils mishandles empty TMPDIR environment variables by creating temporary files in the current working directory instead of falling back to /tmp, potentially exposing sensitive data if the CWD has overly permissive access controls. Affects uutils coreutils versions prior to 0.6.0 and requires local attacker with limited privileges to manipulate the environment or exploit overly accessible working directories; CVSS 3.3 reflects low severity (local access, limited confidentiality impact) despite information disclosure risk.

Local privilege escalation in uutils coreutils mkfifo allows authenticated users to downgrade permissions on arbitrary files to world-readable mode. When mkfifo attempts to create a FIFO at a path where a file already exists, it erroneously continues execution and calls set_permissions on the existing file, changing its mode to default (typically 644 after umask). This can expose sensitive files like SSH private keys (~/.ssh/id_rsa) or application secrets to unauthorized local users. CISA SSVC confirms proof-of-concept code exists with total technical impact, though EPSS data is not available and the vulnerability is not yet in CISA KEV, indicating exploitation remains theoretical rather than widespread.

uutils coreutils chown and chgrp utilities return incorrect exit codes during recursive directory operations, masking ownership change failures and allowing administrative scripts to incorrectly assume successful permission transfers. When processing multiple files recursively, the final exit code reflects only the last file's result; if that file succeeds, the command returns 0 even if earlier operations failed due to permission errors. This integrity flaw affects local users with limited privileges on systems running affected versions below 0.6.0, creating risk of security misconfigurations in automated deployment and configuration management scripts.

The chmod utility in uutils coreutils versions prior to 0.6.0 incorrectly reports success (exit code 0) when recursively processing multiple files, even if permission changes fail on earlier files due to access restrictions or other errors. This causes scripts and automation to proceed under a false assumption that all files were modified correctly, potentially leaving sensitive files with unintended or restrictive permissions.

Cross-site scripting (XSS) in GitLab CE/EE versions 18.10.0-18.10.3 and 18.11.0 enables unauthenticated attackers to execute arbitrary JavaScript in victim browser sessions via improper path validation. GitLab disclosed this vulnerability with publicly available exploit code (HackerOne report 3572231), though CISA SSVC indicates no active exploitation confirmed at time of analysis. CVSS 8.0 reflects the changed scope (S:C) allowing impact beyond the vulnerable component, though High attack complexity (AC:H) and required user interaction (UI:R) limit ease of exploitation. Patched in versions 18.10.4 and 18.11.1.

GitLab CE/EE versions 18.2 before 18.9.6, 18.10 before 18.10.4, and 18.11 before 18.11.1 allow authenticated users to access Virtual Registries using invalidated or incorrectly scoped credentials under certain conditions, resulting in unauthorized information disclosure and modification. The vulnerability requires valid user credentials and network access but no user interaction, affecting confidentiality and integrity with partial technical impact per SSVC. No public exploit code or active exploitation has been identified at time of analysis.

Memory corruption in GNU Emacs SVG/CSS processing allows local attackers to trigger denial of service or information disclosure by convincing users to open specially crafted SVG files. The vulnerability requires user interaction (file opening) and local access, but results in significant impact including service disruption and potential data leakage through memory corruption exploitation.

PowerDNS Authoritative server allows authenticated REST API operators to inject malformed HTTPS or SVCB record data, corrupting the LMDB backend database and causing service degradation or denial of availability. The vulnerability requires high-privilege REST API access and affects deployments using LMDB as the backend storage engine, with confirmed impact on data integrity and availability.

Incomplete LDAP query escaping in PowerDNS Authoritative with 8bit-dns enabled allows authenticated users to enumerate internal domain subtrees through LDAP injection, leading to information disclosure of sensitive DNS zone data. The vulnerability requires valid authentication, high attack complexity due to LDAP protocol constraints, and has been reported by the vendor security team. No active exploitation data is currently available.

dnsdist's Discovery of Designated Resolvers (DDR) upgrade mechanism allows a rogue backend to send a crafted SVCB response that causes a denial of service via availability impact when DDR is explicitly enabled through the autoUpgrade (Lua) or auto_upgrade (YAML) configuration options. The vulnerability requires adjacent network access and high complexity exploitation conditions, affecting only deployments that have manually enabled DDR functionality-a non-default configuration.

Out-of-bounds memory read in dnsdist allows remote attackers to trigger information disclosure or denial of service when custom Lua code invokes getDomainListByAddress() or getAddressListByDomain() functions on a crafted packet cache entry. The vulnerability requires network access but has high attack complexity, limiting real-world exploitation despite the remote attack vector.

dnsdist can experience a denial-of-service condition through query-response mismatching when a client sends precisely timed floods of queries routed to TCP-only or DNS over TLS backends. An adjacent network attacker with high timing precision can cause limited availability impact by desynchronizing the query-response correlation on affected backends, though exploitation requires favorable network conditions and careful query timing. This issue carries a low CVSS score (3.1) reflecting the high attack complexity and adjacency requirement.

Memory leak in Linux kernel CXL region initialization allows local privileged attackers to cause denial of service through resource exhaustion. The vulnerability exists in the __construct_region() function where failed sysfs_update_group() calls fail to properly free allocated resources, resulting in cumulative memory exhaustion when region construction is repeatedly attempted and fails. CVSS 5.5 reflects local attack vector with low complexity and high availability impact; EPSS 0.02% indicates minimal real-world exploitation probability despite the vulnerability's severity classification.

Out-of-bounds memory access in Linux kernel perf subsystem allows local authenticated attackers with low privileges to achieve high confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact. The vulnerability occurs when group_sched_in() fails during performance monitoring event handling and event inheritance uses the wrong PMU (Performance Monitoring Unit) context, leading to improper rollback and memory corruption. Despite high CVSS score (7.8), EPSS probability indicates very low real-world exploitation likelihood (0.02%, 5th percentile). Vendor patches available across multiple stable kernel branches (6.6.131, 6.12.80, 6.18.21, 6.19.11, 7.0) per git.kernel.org commit references.

Use-after-free in Linux Kernel platform driver core allows local authenticated attackers to achieve high-severity impacts including code execution, privilege escalation, or denial of service. The vulnerability stems from unsafe access to the driver_override field during device probing when the bus match() callback executes without device lock protection. Patches are available across multiple kernel branches (6.12.80, 6.18.21, 6.19.11, 7.0) per vendor commits. EPSS score of 0.02% (5th percentile) indicates low observed exploitation probability, and no CISA KEV listing exists, suggesting this remains a theoretical risk rather than actively exploited threat despite the high CVSS 7.8 score.

The Linux kernel BPF verifier fails to validate lock release on exception exits from static subprograms when bpf_throw() is invoked, potentially allowing denial of service or system instability through uncontrolled RCU and preemption lock retention. Affected versions span from 6.7 through 7.0-rc4; CVSS 5.5 (local privilege escalation path) but EPSS 0.02% suggests low real-world exploitation probability. Patch available in stable releases 6.18.21, 6.19.11, and 7.0.

Double completions in NVMe-PCI polled queue handling occur when a high-priority task attempts to poll a queue during kernel reset before block layer queue maps are updated, causing race conditions between interrupt-driven and polled I/O paths. Affects Linux kernel versions before 5.10.253, 5.15.203, 6.1.168, 6.6.131, 6.12.80, 6.18.21, 6.19.11, and 7.0-rc2, requiring local authentication and high attack complexity to trigger. No public exploit identified, but vendor-released patches are available across all affected stable and development branches.

Memory leak in the HID magicmouse driver's report_fixup() function allows local authenticated attackers to cause a denial of service through repeated device interactions. The magicmouse_report_fixup() function allocates memory via kmemdup() but fails to free the allocated buffer before returning, leading to exhaustion of kernel memory on systems with a Magic Mouse connected. Vendor patches are available across multiple stable branches.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: HID: apple: avoid memory leak in apple_report_fixup() The apple_report_fixup() function was returning a newly kmemdup()-allocated buffer, but never freeing it. The caller of report_fixup() does not take ownership of the returned pointer, but it *is* permitted to return a sub-portion of the input rdesc, whose lifetime is managed by the caller.

Memory leak in Linux kernel ESP-over-TCP implementation with asynchronous cryptography causes denial of service via socket queue exhaustion when crypto operations complete asynchronously. Authenticated local attackers can trigger the vulnerability by filling the TX queue for espintcp connections while using async crypto algorithms, preventing proper cleanup of socket buffers and gradually consuming system memory until services become unavailable. EPSS score of 0.02% indicates low real-world exploitation probability despite moderate CVSS severity.

Denial of service via kernel panic in the Linux kernel xfrm_iptfs module when processing fragmented IP-TFS packets with mixed fast-path and slow-path reassembly conditions. The vulnerability triggers an invalid memory access (SKB_LINEAR_ASSERT) in skb_put() when attempting to append data to a non-linear socket buffer during packet reassembly, affecting systems using IP-TFS encapsulation over IPsec. Local attackers with network access to send crafted IPsec packets can crash the kernel; active exploitation not confirmed but patch is available.

Use-after-free in Linux kernel XFRM subsystem allows local authenticated attackers to achieve arbitrary code execution with high privileges. The vulnerability arises when XFRM policy hash threshold work items (policy_hthresh.work) outlive network namespace teardown, dereferencing freed struct net memory in xfrm_hash_rebuild(). Vendor patches available across multiple stable kernel versions (6.12.80, 6.18.21, 6.19.11, 7.0) confirm the issue affects kernels since commit 880a6fab8f6b. EPSS score of 0.02% (5th percentile) indicates low observed exploitation probability despite CVSS:3.1 score of 7.8; no CISA KEV listing or public POC identified at time of analysis.

Short read handling in EROFS file-backed mounts can mark unread file pages as uptodate when vfs_iocb_iter_read() is interrupted by signals, leading to potential data corruption or information disclosure on systems using EROFS with file-backed mounts. Affected Linux kernel versions prior to fixes in 6.18.21, 6.19.11, and 6.12.80. Local authenticated users can trigger this via signal interruption during I/O operations.

Buffer over-read in Linux kernel Bluetooth L2CAP allows adjacent network attackers to disclose sensitive kernel memory and crash systems via malformed Enhanced Credit Based Connection Requests. Affects multiple stable kernel versions (6.12.x, 6.18.x, 6.19.x). Vendor patches available for all affected branches. EPSS score of 0.02% indicates low observed exploitation probability despite the network-adjacent attack vector and lack of required authentication. No public exploit identified at time of analysis.

Denial of service via buffer over-read in Linux kernel Bluetooth L2CAP Enhanced Credit Based Flow Control data path allows local authenticated attackers to crash the system by sending malformed L2CAP packets with insufficient payload length. The vulnerability exists in l2cap_ecred_data_rcv() which reads the SDU length field without validating that the socket buffer contains the required 2 bytes, causing an out-of-bounds read that triggers a kernel panic when the buffer is too small. EPSS exploitation probability is 0.02% (percentile 7%), and a vendor patch is available.

Use-after-free in Linux kernel Bluetooth MGMT subsystem allows local authenticated users to achieve arbitrary code execution, privilege escalation, or denial of service. The vulnerability stems from improper condition checking in mgmt_add_adv_patterns_monitor_complete(), which can leave dangling pointers after freeing memory without unlinking from the list. Patches available across multiple kernel versions (6.12.80, 6.17, 6.18.21, 6.19.11, 7.0). No evidence of active exploitation (not in CISA KEV), low EPSS score (0.02%, 5th percentile) suggests limited attacker interest despite high CVSS severity.

Denial of service via deadlock in NFC NCI subsystem when nci_close_device() flushes work queues while holding req_lock, triggering a circular lock dependency with nci_rx_work(). The vulnerability affects Linux kernels across multiple stable branches (5.10, 5.15, 6.1, 6.6, 6.12, 6.18, 6.19, 7.0) and was reproduced in roughly 4% of nci selftest runs on debug kernels, though EPSS scoring (0.02% percentile 7%) indicates low baseline exploitation probability. Local privilege requirement and high attack complexity in practice mean real-world impact is limited to NFC-capable systems with specific workload timing.

Use-after-free in Linux kernel Open vSwitch module causes system crash when deleting network interfaces on PREEMPT_RT kernels. The vulnerability is confirmed patched in multiple stable kernel versions (5.10.253, 5.15.203, 6.1.168, 6.6.131, 6.12.80, 6.18.21, 6.19.11, 7.0) with upstream fixes available via kernel.org commits. EPSS score of 0.02% (7th percentile) indicates very low exploitation likelihood. No active exploitation confirmed (not in CISA KEV). Local authenticated access required (CVSS AV:L/PR:L) with high impact (CVSS 7.8), but exploitation depends on PREEMPT_RT kernel configuration and specific Open vSwitch teardown race conditions.