Information Disclosure

SEPPmail Secure Email Gateway before version 15.0.4 exposes server environment variables through an unauthenticated endpoint in the GINA UI, allowing remote attackers to retrieve sensitive system information including configuration details, internal paths, and potentially credentials. The vulnerability requires only network access to the affected endpoint with no authentication, authentication complexity, or user interaction; it is classified as an information disclosure flaw with limited confidentiality impact (CVSS 6.9).

Local attackers with low privileges can cause indefinite system hangs in Linux kernel device-mapper (dm) subsystem by injecting io-timeout-fail errors, triggering CWE-772 resource leaks where I/O requests are never completed. Affects longstanding kernel code from 5.10.x through mainline 6.19.x; vendor-patched versions available (5.10.252, 5.15.202, 6.1.165, 6.6.128, 6.12.75, 6.18.16, 6.19.6, 7.0). EPSS score of 0.02% (7th percentile) indicates low real-world exploitation probability. No active exploitation confirmed (not in CISA KEV), no public POC identified at time of analysis.

A use-after-free in the OmniVision OV5647 camera sensor driver (media: i2c: ov5647) can trigger a kernel crash. The ov5647_init_controls() function dereferences an uninitialized subdev pointer via v4l2_get_subdevdata() when error conditions occur during probe. This affects Linux kernel versions from 5.12 through multiple stable branches including 5.15.x, 6.1.x, 6.6.x, 6.12.x, 6.18.x, and 6.19.x prior to patches. Vendor patches available across all affected stable trees. EPSS exploitation probability is very low (0.02%, 7th percentile) with no public exploit identified at time of analysis.

Linux kernel's Tegra PMC driver can trigger kernel warnings and potential denial of service during system resume by calling generic_handle_irq() from non-interrupt context. Affects Tegra186 and later platforms running Linux kernel versions prior to 6.19.6 and 7.0. CVSS 5.5 indicates local low-complexity exploitation requiring authenticated access. EPSS score of 0.02% (5th percentile) suggests minimal observed exploitation activity. Vendor patches available via stable kernel tree commits.

Hardware-level denial of service in Linux kernel verisilicon media driver on i.MX8MQ platform allows local authenticated users to trigger VPU bus errors and system hangs through simultaneous H.264/HEVC decoding. Affects kernel versions 5.14 through pre-6.19.6 and pre-7.0. Patches available via stable kernel commits 286d629d1064 and e0203ddf9af7. EPSS score of 0.02% indicates minimal observed exploitation, and CVSS 5.5 reflects local scope with low complexity. No public exploit code identified, and not listed in CISA KEV.

System hang during RAID array teardown affects Linux kernel's dm-raid target when metadata devices are suspended before removal. The vulnerability triggers when stopping dm-raid managed arrays, causing md_stop() to indefinitely block while attempting to flush write-intent bitmaps to already-suspended metadata devices. With EPSS exploitation probability at 0.02% (4th percentile) and vendor patches available for kernel versions 6.18.16, 6.19.6, and 7.0, this represents a local denial-of-service risk requiring low privileges but poses minimal risk in most environments due to the specific dm-raid configuration prerequisite.

Denial of service vulnerability in Linux kernel btrfs filesystem allows local authenticated users to trigger a kernel panic via unexpected delayed reference types. The vulnerability stems from improper error handling in run_one_delayed_ref() that invokes BUG() instead of gracefully returning an error. Patched in Linux 6.19.6 and 7.0 with proper error logging. EPSS exploitation probability is very low (0.02%, 5th percentile) with no public exploit or active exploitation reported, indicating minimal real-world risk despite the high availability impact in the CVSS score.

Buffer over-read in the Linux kernel's adxl380 IIO accelerometer driver allows local authenticated users to read arbitrary kernel memory. The FIFO interrupt handler incorrectly calculates batch sizes when multiple channels are enabled, reading more entries than exist in the FIFO buffer. CVSS rates this 7.8 (High) with local access requiring low-privileged credentials. EPSS exploitation probability is minimal (0.02%, 5th percentile), indicating low real-world risk. Patches available in stable kernel versions 6.12.75, 6.18.16, 6.19.6, and 7.0.

Local denial-of-service in Linux kernel BPF crypto subsystem allows authenticated attackers to crash the system via CFI policy violations. The vulnerability stems from a type mismatch in BPF's crypto destructor function when Control Flow Integrity (CONFIG_CFI) is enabled, causing kernel panics during object cleanup operations. Patches available across kernel versions 6.12.75, 6.18.16, 6.19.6, and 7.0. EPSS score of 0.02% (5th percentile) indicates very low likelihood of mass exploitation. No KEV listing or public exploits identified at time of analysis.

Denial of service via system hang in Linux kernel's AMD display driver occurs when the DMUB hardware lock evaluation mismatches between lock acquisition and release in the HWSS fast path, affecting ASIC variants without FAMS support. Local authenticated attackers can trigger this condition through display operations, causing a hang with high availability impact. Patch available in stable releases 6.19.6 and 7.0; EPSS score of 0.02% indicates low real-world exploitation probability despite KEV status.

Improper key length validation in the Linux kernel's libceph authentication subsystem allows remote unauthenticated attackers to trigger memory corruption during Ceph authentication key decoding. This affects systems using Ceph distributed storage clusters, with EPSS probability 0.02% (percentile 7%), indicating low immediate exploitation likelihood. Patches available across all supported kernel branches (5.15.202, 6.1.165, 6.6.128, 6.12.75, 6.18.16, 6.19.6, 7.0) with commits linked in multiple stable trees, suggesting coordinated vendor response. No public exploit code or CISA KEV listing identified at time of analysis.

Linux kernel DMA API debug warnings in V3D rendering driver cause denial of service when CONFIG_DMA_API_DEBUG is enabled and V3D segment sizes exceed the default 64K maximum. The vulnerability affects systems using V3D graphics rendering (particularly Raspberry Pi 5) with debug DMA API enabled, allowing local authenticated users to trigger kernel warnings and potential system instability by creating V3D buffer objects larger than the device's claimed DMA segment size limit.

A reference count underflow in the Linux kernel's chips-media wave5 video codec driver causes a runtime PM usage count to decrement below zero during module removal, triggering a kernel warning and potentially causing denial of service when the driver is unloaded. The vulnerability affects unprivileged local users on systems with the wave5 codec driver enabled, and occurs when the device has already been suspended via autosuspend before the remove path executes pm_runtime_put_sync(). EPSS score of 0.02% indicates low exploitation probability despite the denial-of-service capability.

Denial of service in Linux kernel drm/amdgpu driver (VCNv2.5) affects virtual function (VF) GPU environments running kernel versions prior to 6.18.16, 6.19.6, and 7.0. During module unload or system deinitialization, VF configurations trigger a kernel warning and potential crash when attempting to release an uninitialized VCN poison interrupt handler. EPSS exploitation probability is very low (0.02%, 4th percentile) with no public exploit or active exploitation (not in CISA KEV). Vendor patches available across multiple stable kernel branches via upstream commits.

Denial of service in Linux kernel octeontx2-af network driver allows remote unauthenticated attackers to trigger system stalls and deadlocks via network traffic that exploits hardware errata in Marvell OcteonTX2 NIX SQ manager. The vulnerability affects Linux kernel versions from mainline through multiple stable branches, with vendor patches released for 5.10.252, 5.15.202, 6.1.165, 6.6.128, 6.12.75, 6.18.16, 6.19.6, and mainline 7.0. EPSS exploitation probability is low at 0.02% (7th percentile), and no public exploit or active exploitation is confirmed at time of analysis.

Denial of service in Linux kernel RapidIO subsystem occurs when idtab allocation fails during rio_scan_alloc_net(), causing the function to incorrectly invoke rio_free_net() instead of kfree() on unregistered memory, leaving a dangling pointer in mport->net that can be dereferenced later to trigger a crash. Authenticated local attackers with low privilege can trigger this condition on systems with RapidIO support enabled, resulting in kernel panic and service unavailability. EPSS probability is low (0.02%) despite moderate CVSS, indicating limited real-world exploitability; no public exploit code or active KEV exploitation confirmed.

Kernel panic occurs in the Renesas RZ/G2L MIPI DSI driver during system reboot when display panels attempt to send DSI commands in their unprepare callback, due to incorrect sequencing of driver shutdown. The vulnerability affects Linux kernel versions from commit 56de5e305d4b onwards on ARM64 systems running RZ/G2L platforms with specific panel types, allowing local users with standard privileges to trigger a denial of service by initiating a reboot.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: media: chips-media: wave5: Fix kthread worker destruction in polling mode Fix the cleanup order in polling mode (irq < 0) to prevent kernel warnings during module removal. Cancel the hrtimer before destroying the kthread worker to ensure work queues are empty. In polling mode, the driver uses hrtimer to periodically trigger wave5_vpu_timer_callback() which queues work via kthread_queue_work(). The kthread_destroy_worker() function validates that both work queues are empty with WARN_ON(!list_empty(&worker->work_list)) and WARN_ON(!list_empty(&worker->delayed_work_list)). The original code called kthread_destroy_worker() before hrtimer_cancel(), creating a race condition where the timer could fire during worker destruction and queue new work, triggering the WARN_ON. This causes the following warning on every module unload in polling mode: ------------[ cut here ]------------ WARNING: CPU: 2 PID: 1034 at kernel/kthread.c:1430 kthread_destroy_worker+0x84/0x98 Modules linked in: wave5(-) rpmsg_ctrl rpmsg_char ... Call trace: kthread_destroy_worker+0x84/0x98 wave5_vpu_remove+0xc8/0xe0 [wave5] platform_remove+0x30/0x58 ... ---[ end trace 0000000000000000 ]---

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: mm/vmalloc: prevent RCU stalls in kasan_release_vmalloc_node When CONFIG_PAGE_OWNER is enabled, freeing KASAN shadow pages during vmalloc cleanup triggers expensive stack unwinding that acquires RCU read locks. Processing a large purge_list without rescheduling can cause the task to hold CPU for extended periods (10+ seconds), leading to RCU stalls and potential OOM conditions. The issue manifests in purge_vmap_node() -> kasan_release_vmalloc_node() where iterating through hundreds or thousands of vmap_area entries and freeing their associated shadow pages causes: rcu: INFO: rcu_preempt detected stalls on CPUs/tasks: rcu: Tasks blocked on level-0 rcu_node (CPUs 0-1): P6229/1:b..l ... task:kworker/0:17 state:R running task stack:28840 pid:6229 ... kasan_release_vmalloc_node+0x1ba/0xad0 mm/vmalloc.c:2299 purge_vmap_node+0x1ba/0xad0 mm/vmalloc.c:2299 Each call to kasan_release_vmalloc() can free many pages, and with page_owner tracking, each free triggers save_stack() which performs stack unwinding under RCU read lock. Without yielding, this creates an unbounded RCU critical section. Add periodic cond_resched() calls within the loop to allow: - RCU grace periods to complete - Other tasks to run - Scheduler to preempt when needed The fix uses need_resched() for immediate response under load, with a batch count of 32 as a guaranteed upper bound to prevent worst-case stalls even under light load.

Improper packet data validation in Linux kernel NCI NFC subsystem breaks communication with NFC chips and creates potential for information disclosure. The vulnerability affects adjacent network attackers (AV:A) who can exploit variable-length packet handling without authentication (PR:N) to achieve high confidentiality impact, low integrity impact, and high availability impact. EPSS score of 0.02% (7th percentile) indicates low observed exploitation probability despite CVSS 8.3 severity. Vendor patches available across multiple kernel versions (5.15.202, 6.1.165, 6.6.128, 6.12.75, 6.18.16, 6.19.6, 7.0) with upstream fixes committed to stable branches.

A buffer management flaw in the Linux kernel's uvcvideo (USB Video Class) driver allows local authenticated attackers to trigger memory corruption via improper buffer handling when streaming initialization fails. The vulnerability manifests when xHCI controller failures cause uvc_pm_get() errors during start_streaming(), leaving queued video buffers unreturned and potentially causing system instability or privilege escalation. Patches are available from kernel maintainers for versions 6.18.16, 6.19.6, and 7.0+, with upstream fixes committed. EPSS score of 0.02% suggests minimal observed exploitation attempts, and no KEV listing indicates this is not currently exploited in the wild despite the high CVSS 7.8 score.

Local denial of service in Linux kernel's kexec subsystem allows authenticated attackers to trigger kernel warning and system instability. The kexec_load_purgatory() function incorrectly derives the purgatory entry point when multiple executable sections have overlapping sh_addr values, causing a WARN condition that disrupts kexec operations. With CVSS 5.5 (AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N) and EPSS at 0.02%, this represents low real-world exploitation risk. Patches available across multiple stable kernel versions including 5.10.252, 5.15.202, 6.1.165, 6.6.128, 6.12.75, 6.18.16, and 6.19.6.

Local privilege escalation in Linux kernel ext4 filesystem causes kernel panic during mount operations when DOUBLE_CHECK is enabled. Affects multiple stable kernel versions from 6.6.128 through 7.0. The initialization race condition allows local authenticated users to trigger a denial of service by mounting specially crafted ext4 filesystems with corrupted block bitmaps. EPSS score of 0.02% (5th percentile) indicates low observed exploitation probability. Vendor patches available across all affected stable branches.

Local users with low privileges can trigger unbounded kernel memory consumption in the Linux kernel's DRM subsystem via DRM_IOCTL_MODE_CREATEPROPBLOB, bypassing memory cgroup accounting and causing system-wide denial of service. The vulnerability affects all Linux kernel versions from 2.6.12-rc2 (commit 1da177e4) through 6.19.x until patched in 5.10.252, 5.15.202, 6.1.165, 6.6.128, 6.12.75, 6.18.16, 6.19.6, and mainline 7.0. EPSS score is low (0.02%) and no active exploitation is documented; however, the attack requires only local access and low privileges (CVSS AV:L/AC:L/PR:L), making it easily exploitable by unprivileged users on multi-tenant systems.

Memory accounting errors in Linux kernel hugetlb subsystem cause subpool reservation counters to incorrectly increment on failed global allocations, eventually rendering hugetlb subpools permanently unusable. The vulnerability affects Linux kernels from 6.15 onward where commit a833a693a490 introduced the flaw. When a process requests hugepages that require both subpool and global pool resources, failed global allocations leave the subpool's used_hpages counter elevated despite no actual page consumption, progressively exhausting the subpool's apparent capacity until all future allocations fail. Patches available for kernels 6.18.16, 6.19.6, and 7.0. EPSS score of 0.02% and lack of KEV listing indicate low exploitation probability, though local authenticated attackers can trigger the condition to cause denial of service against hugetlb-dependent workloads.

Denial of service via NMI-unsafe seqcount access in Linux kernel memory slab allocator allows local privileged attackers to trigger kernel deadlock when get_from_any_partial() is called in NMI context. The vulnerability stems from unsafe access to current->mems_allowed_seq (a spinlock-based seqcount) without NMI-safety guarantees, causing lockdep warnings and potential system hang. EPSS exploitation probability is low at 0.02%, and no active exploitation has been confirmed.

A denial of service vulnerability in the Linux kernel's Cadence QSPI driver causes duplicate clock disables during device probe error handling when flash device tree descriptions are missing or malformed. An unprivileged local user can trigger this vulnerability by providing broken device tree configuration for attached SPI flash devices, resulting in kernel warnings and potential system instability.

Denial of service via missing reservation lock in drm/tests shmem allows local authenticated users to trigger a kernel warning and crash the DRM graphics subsystem. The vulnerability exists in DRM test code that calls drm_gem_shmem_madvise_locked() without properly acquiring the GEM object's reservation lock, causing CPU warnings and potential system instability on affected kernel versions.

Kernel denial of service in rtw88 WiFi driver 8822b chipset allows local authenticated users to trigger a kernel WARNING and potential system instability by setting antenna configuration while the wireless chip is powered off, causing unexpected values when RF registers are read during power-down state.

Denial of service in Linux kernel DRM GEM shmem helper when drm_gem_shmem_purge_locked() is called without properly holding the GEM object's reservation lock, affecting local authenticated users. The vulnerability causes a kernel warning and denial of service condition in the direct rendering manager's shared memory handling code. CVSS 5.5 with low EPSS (0.02%) indicates limited real-world exploitation despite availability of patch. Affected Linux versions prior to kernels with commits cdf8bbbd9017adcfb91ad9a902198d4b507719a9, 8baeee2c1c0cdb3a8eac3b8f38156cce6ee1a69f, and 3f41307d589c2f25d556d47b165df808124cd0c4.

Sync-in Server is a secure, open-source platform for file storage, sharing, collaboration, and syncing. Prior to version 2.2.0, the /api/auth/login endpoint contains a logic flaw that allows unauthenticated remote attackers to enumerate valid usernames by measuring the application's response time. This issue has been patched in version 2.2.0.

Unauthorized cross-tenant access in Apache CloudStack 4.21.0 through 4.22.0 allows remote unauthenticated attackers to gain full control over virtual machines belonging to other tenants via the Proxmox extension. Attackers exploit a user-editable 'proxmox_vmid' setting that lacks tenant ownership validation and predictable VM IDs to reference and control VMs across tenant boundaries, enabling VM start/stop/destroy operations. CVSS 9.1 indicates critical severity with network attack vector and no authentication required, though EPSS data and KEV status are not available to confirm active exploitation patterns.

Authenticated CloudStack users can hijack volumes from other tenants' backups via the Backup plugin in versions 4.21.0.0 and 4.22.0.0. Attackers with low-privileged authenticated access can restore any user's backup volume and attach it to their own VMs, enabling complete data theft across tenant boundaries in multi-tenant environments. CVSS 8.1 reflects high confidentiality and integrity impact with low attack complexity. EPSS score of 0.01% indicates minimal observed exploitation activity, while SSVC assessment confirms non-automatable, partial technical impact with no known exploitation. Apache released patch version 4.22.0.1 addressing the access control flaw.

Improper access control in the CloudStack Backup plugin allows authenticated users in CloudStack 4.21.0.0 through 4.22.0.0 to create new virtual machines using backups belonging to other users, enabling unauthorized data access and VM provisioning. The vulnerability requires valid CloudStack credentials and access to specific backup-related APIs but carries elevated risk in multi-tenant environments. Vendor-released patch available in CloudStack 4.22.0.1.

Apache::Session versions through 1.94 for Perl re-creates deleted sessions. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.1), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.

Use-after-free in Linux kernel ESP (IPsec) allows local authenticated attackers to decrypt shared memory fragments improperly, potentially exposing encrypted network traffic or causing memory corruption. Affects kernel versions 6.5+ where MSG_SPLICE_PAGES can attach pipe pages directly to UDP socket buffers. The IPv4/IPv6 datagram paths fail to mark spliced pages as shared, causing ESP input decryption to modify memory not privately owned by the packet buffer. Public exploit code exists (POC available on GitHub), EPSS score is low (0.01%) indicating limited widespread exploitation risk, and vendor patches are available across affected stable kernel branches (6.6.138, 6.12.87, 6.18.28, 7.0.5).

The EqualsUri function in uriparser before version 1.0.2 incorrectly classifies structurally distinct URIs as equivalent due to flawed absolutePath comparison logic when a host is present. An attacker can craft two different URIs that the library treats as identical, potentially bypassing URI-based access control checks or authentication mechanisms that rely on URI comparison. The vulnerability affects all versions before 1.0.2 and requires local access with high attack complexity; the impact is limited to integrity (logic bypass) with no confidentiality or availability impact.

Pointer difference truncation to signed int in uriparser before version 1.0.2 allows local attackers to cause integer overflow and data integrity issues through specially crafted URI inputs. The vulnerability stems from unsafe casting of pointer arithmetic results (afterLast - first) to int, which can overflow on systems where pointer differences exceed INT_MAX, leading to buffer overflows, incorrect memory calculations, and potential information disclosure. While CVSS score is low (2.9) due to local attack vector and high complexity, the fix adds comprehensive overflow detection using SIZE_MAX checks, indicating real risk in applications processing untrusted URIs locally.

curl versions 7.14.0 through 8.19.0 leak netrc credentials when reusing proxy connections, allowing authenticated local attackers to obtain sensitive authentication data via connection pooling that ignores credential requirements. CVSS 5.3 reflects high confidentiality impact but requires low-privilege authentication and high attack complexity; EPSS 0.02% indicates minimal real-world exploitation probability despite broad version coverage. No public exploit code identified at time of analysis.

OCSP stapling validation bypass in curl 8.17.0-8.19.0 allows remote attackers to obtain sensitive certificate validation information when curl uses Apple SecTrust for TLS connections, potentially enabling man-in-the-middle attacks by bypassing server certificate revocation checks.

Cookie leakage in curl (libcurl) versions 7.71.0 through 8.19.0 allows remote servers to receive cookies intended for a different host when a stale custom cookie host value persists across requests. The flaw, tracked as CWE-319 (cleartext transmission of sensitive information), carries a CVSS 7.5 and SSVC 'partial' technical impact, with no public exploit identified at time of analysis and an EPSS of 0.01%.

Proxy credentials in curl leak to unintended destinations when an HTTP redirect points to a proxy endpoint, exposing authentication material beyond its intended scope. This affects the curl library and CLI tool (haxx:curl) across a broad version range from 7.14.1 through 8.19.0, as enumerated in EUVD-2026-29927. A proof of concept exists per SSVC classification (Exploitation: poc), the vendor has issued a patch coordinated via oss-security and HackerOne report #3669637, and downstream distributors Red Hat (RHSA-2026:12916) and SUSE (multiple SU advisories) have released updates.

Wrong reuse of HTTP Negotiate-authenticated connections in curl exposes a high-integrity-impact vulnerability where subsequent HTTP requests may inherit an authentication context they should not, potentially allowing requests to be dispatched under incorrect Negotiate (Kerberos/NTLM/SPNEGO) credentials. Affecting an extraordinarily broad version range - curl 7.10.6 through at least 8.19.0 per EUVD data - this flaw was coordinated and disclosed by curl maintainer Daniel Stenberg via oss-security on 2026-04-29 alongside three related connection-reuse CVEs. No public exploit code has been identified and no active exploitation has been confirmed; a vendor-released patch is available, with downstream fixes confirmed by Red Hat (RHSA-2026:12916) and SUSE.

Cross-proxy Digest authentication state leak in curl allows remote attackers to obtain sensitive authentication credentials when curl is used with proxy authentication across multiple proxy hops. The vulnerability affects curl versions from 7.12.0 through 8.19.0 due to improper handling of Digest authentication state between proxies, enabling credential disclosure with network-level access and no authentication requirements. EPSS score of 0.03% suggests low real-world exploitation probability despite the information disclosure impact.

Server-side template injection in OpenStack Ironic through version 35.x allows authenticated administrators to disclose sensitive information by rendering unsandboxed Jinja2 templates in the instance_info['ks_template'] parameter. The vulnerability requires high-privilege user interaction and has low confidentiality impact with no integrity or availability consequences.

Availability degradation in Bouncy Castle BC-FJA cryptographic library versions 2.1.0 through 2.1.2 on Linux X86_64 systems with AVX or AVX-512f SIMD extensions affects GCM-128 and GCM-512 operations, allowing local attackers to cause denial of service without authentication. The vulnerability is associated with optimized assembly implementations (gcm128w, gcm512w) and results in availability impact with no confidentiality or integrity compromise. No public exploit code or active exploitation has been identified at time of analysis.

Authorization bypass in Heimdall cloud-native Identity Aware Proxy allows remote unauthenticated attackers to circumvent access control policies via path normalization mismatches. Attackers can craft requests with encoded or relative path traversal sequences (e.g., /public/../admin, /user/%2e%2e/admin) that Heimdall evaluates against one rule while downstream services normalize to a different protected path, enabling unauthorized access to restricted resources or functionality. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, though CVSS vector indicates network-accessible, low-complexity exploitation (CVSS:4.0 AV:N/AC:L/PR:N). Fixed in version 0.17.14.

Heimdall's case-sensitive host matching bypasses access control policies when attackers submit HTTP requests with alternate letter casing in the Host header, exploiting the discrepancy between HTTP spec (case-insensitive hostnames) and Heimdall's implementation. Versions prior to 0.17.14 fail to match rules configured for lowercase hostnames when requests arrive with mixed or uppercase casing, potentially routing to permissive default rules and granting unintended access. This vulnerability is most dangerous when Heimdall is deployed with insecure default rule enforcement flags enabled, though it requires attackers to know the exact hostname pattern and exploit misconfiguration.

Authorization bypass in Heimdall cloud-native Identity Aware Proxy affects versions prior to 0.17.14 due to case-sensitive URL-encoded slash handling. Remote unauthenticated attackers can craft requests with lowercase-encoded slashes (%2f) to evade path-based access controls when 'allow_encoded_slashes' is disabled (default). This discrepancy between Heimdall's path interpretation and upstream services enables access to restricted endpoints if a permissive default rule exists. GitHub reports a public fix (PR #3207, commit 8b0de6a) with patched version 0.17.14 released. No public exploit identified at time of analysis. CVSS 7.8 with CVSS:4.0 vector indicates network-accessible, low-complexity attack requiring no privileges or user interaction, though real-world impact depends on deployment configuration.

electerm 3.8.15 and prior exposes environment variables containing secrets through the getConstants() IPC handler, which serializes the entire process.env object and stores it as window.pre.env accessible to any JavaScript running in the renderer process. An attacker achieving JavaScript execution within the renderer-via DevTools, compromised webview, or client-side injection-can exfiltrate sensitive credentials to remote servers, enabling cloud account compromise and lateral movement. No public exploit code identified at time of analysis, but the vulnerability is trivial to exploit once renderer JavaScript execution is achieved.

Out-of-bounds read in ASUS System Control Interface IOCTL handler allows local authenticated users to trigger denial of service via oversized read operations. A local user with limited privileges can supply a read size exceeding the allocated buffer, causing a system crash (BSOD). No public exploit code or active exploitation has been confirmed at this time.

Remote unauthenticated attackers can forge JWT authentication tokens in AstrBot 3.5.15 by exploiting a hardcoded private key ('Advanced_System_for_Text_Response_and_Bot_Operations_Tool'), enabling full authentication bypass with subsequent remote code execution capabilities. Public exploit code exists on GitHub (Marven11/CVE-2025-55449-AstrBot-RCE) demonstrating weaponization of this cryptographic flaw. EPSS score of 0.00% suggests limited automated scanning activity, but the availability of working RCE exploit code significantly elevates practical risk for exposed instances.

RayVentory Scan Engine through 12.6 Update 8 allows attackers to gain privileges if they control the value of the PATH environment variable. NOTE: this is disputed because ability of an attacker to control the environment is a site-specific misconfiguration.

Vvveb before 1.0.8.2 exposes the application's secret cron key through an unauthenticated cron controller endpoint, allowing remote attackers to retrieve this sensitive credential and trigger scheduled tasks outside their intended execution windows. The vulnerability affects all deployments with the vulnerable cron controller accessible over the network, with CVSS 5.3 reflecting confidentiality impact from information disclosure without authentication requirements.

Anonymous authorization bypass in Mendix Studio Pro (all versions up to 11.8.0 Beta) causes the Anonymous user role to silently follow standard user-inheritance rules, so an unauthenticated visitor can read every record in an entity even when no access rights are configured for that role. Demonstrated in DIVD's VerySecureApp (≤1.1.0), the flaw exposes entire datasets to anonymous callers whenever anonymous access is enabled to publish an entity publicly. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis, EPSS is very low (0.04%), and it is not on CISA KEV, but SSVC rates technical impact as total and automatable.

Unauthorized information disclosure in Azure DevOps allows remote unauthenticated attackers to access sensitive data via network requests and potentially compromise the system with high confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact. The vulnerability carries a maximum CVSS 10.0 score with scope change, indicating cross-boundary impact. Microsoft has released an official patch, and no active exploitation has been reported via CISA KEV at the time of analysis.

Remote code execution in Azure Managed Instance for Apache Cassandra allows authenticated attackers with low privileges to execute arbitrary code when a user interacts with a malicious payload. CVSS 9.0 (Critical) with scope change indicates container/tenant escape potential. Microsoft released a patch (MSRC update guide), and CVSS temporal metrics confirm remediation available with complete confidence, though no confirmed active exploitation or public POC identified at time of analysis.

Remote unauthenticated attackers can disclose sensitive information from Microsoft 365 Copilot's Business Chat through improper input neutralization (CVSS 7.5). The vulnerability allows network-based exploitation with low complexity and no user interaction required. Vendor-released patch available via Microsoft Security Response Center (MSRC-2026-26129). No public exploit identified at time of analysis, though the low attack complexity (AC:L) and lack of authentication requirements (PR:N) increase realistic exploitation risk.

Injection vulnerability in Microsoft 365 Copilot's Business Chat enables remote unauthenticated attackers to extract sensitive information through specially crafted inputs. Microsoft has released a patch addressing this CWE-74 injection flaw. With CVSS 7.5 (High), network-accessible attack vector, and no authentication required, this represents a significant exposure for organizations using Copilot Business Chat, though no active exploitation is confirmed at time of analysis.

Consensus divergence in Zebra 4.3.1 enables blockchain network partitioning through crafted transparent transactions with invalid sighash types. Insufficient error handling at the Rust-to-C++ FFI boundary causes Zebra to incorrectly accept transactions with undefined hash types by reusing stale buffer data from prior valid signature checks, while zcashd correctly rejects these transactions. Attackers can exploit this by chaining OP_CHECKSIGVERIFY with OP_CHECKSIG opcodes using invalid hash types to trigger acceptance on Zebra nodes but rejection on zcashd nodes, creating a consensus split that could enable double-spend attacks. Vendor-released patch: 4.4.0. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, but the technical mechanism is fully disclosed in the GitHub advisory GHSA-gq4h-3grw-2rhv.

Zebra's block validator fails to count transparent signature operations correctly, allowing malicious miners to create blocks that exceed the 20,000 sigop consensus limit and trigger network splits between Zebra and zcashd nodes. The vulnerability affects Zebra versions prior to 4.4.0 and stems from two distinct accounting flaws: (1) coinbase input scriptSigs were excluded from legacy sigop counts, hiding up to 98 operations, and (2) P2SH redeem script sigops were only computed during mempool validation but never aggregated during block validation. A miner could craft a single block with 1,334+ P2SH spends to exceed the limit and partition the Zcash network. Vendor-released patch: Zebra 4.4.0 (confirmed by GitHub advisory GHSA-jv4h-j224-23cc). No public exploit identified at time of analysis.

VINCE versions 3.0.38 and earlier fail to properly verify sender address authenticity due to encoding confusion, allowing unauthenticated remote attackers to forge email From addresses and trigger automated actions such as ticket creation or updates. The vulnerability combines information disclosure with integrity impact, affecting the reliability of ticket management workflows that depend on sender validation.

Unauthenticated information disclosure in FacturaScripts allows remote attackers to trigger phpinfo() output on fresh deployments via /?phpinfo=TRUE, exposing full PHP configuration, environment variables (including database credentials and API keys), filesystem paths, and loaded extensions. The vulnerability affects all versions with the Installer controller enabled and no patch has been released as of April 2026; publicly available proof-of-concept code exists demonstrating exploitation against PHP 8.1.34.

Go's html/template library incorrectly escapes data passed into <script> tags when the tag contains an empty or whitespace-only 'type' attribute, allowing a trusted template author to inadvertently expose sensitive information to client-side scripts. Affects html/template versions prior to 1.26.3 and 1.25.10. CVSS 6.1 with user interaction required; EPSS 0.01% indicates minimal real-world exploitation likelihood despite moderate base score.

The Go toolchain's 'go bug' command creates temporary files with predictable names in the system temporary directory, allowing local attackers with temporary directory access to create symlinks that cause arbitrary file overwrite. Affects Go 1.26.0 through 1.26.2 and 1.25.0 through 1.25.9. While CVSS 5.3 and EPSS 0.01% suggest moderate local impact, the vulnerability enables information disclosure and integrity compromise of arbitrary files via symlink redirection, confirmed patched in Go 1.26.3 and 1.25.10.

Pathological inputs could cause DoS through consumePhrase when parsing an email address according to RFC 5322.

ReverseProxy can forward queries containing parameters not visible to Rewrite functions. When used with a Rewrite function, or a Director function which parses query parameters, ReverseProxy sanitizes the forwarded request to remove query parameters which are not parsed by url.ParseQuery. ReverseProxy does not take ParseQuery's limit on the total number of query parameters (controlled by GODEBUG=urlmaxqueryparams=N) into account. This can permit ReverseProxy to forward a request containing a query parameter that is not visible to the Rewrite function. For example, the query "a1=x&a2=x&...&a10000=x&hidden=y" can forward the parameter "hidden=y" while hiding it from the proxy's Rewrite function.

FacturaScripts fails to strip EXIF and metadata from user-uploaded images in the Library module, allowing any authenticated user with download access to extract GPS coordinates, device information, timestamps, author names, and other personally identifiable information from downloaded files. An employee uploading a photo taken at their home inadvertently discloses their precise home address to all users with Library access. This affects all image uploads retroactively, with no patched version currently available.

Out-of-bounds read in OSGeo GDAL up to version 3.13.0dev-4 affects the GDfieldinfo function in HDF-EOS module when processing malformed HDF4 files. A locally authenticated attacker can trigger memory disclosure by crafting a specially formatted HDF4 file. Publicly available exploit code exists. The vulnerability is fixed in GDAL 3.13.0RC1 and later.

Privilege escalation in CISA's manage.get.gov 1.x allows organization administrators to assign domain manager privileges for domains outside their portfolio, including legacy domains not associated with any organization. The vulnerability enables cross-portfolio domain takeover scenarios where an authenticated admin can grant themselves or others unauthorized domain management access. Fixed in version 1.176.0 released April 30, 2026. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, EPSS risk assessment not available for this CVE.

Certificate validation bypass in PJSIP versions before 2.17 allows remote attackers to perform man-in-the-middle attacks against TLS connections when built with GnuTLS. Despite applications explicitly enabling certificate verification through verify_server or verify_client flags, the SIP TLS transport accepts connections with invalid or untrusted certificates, exposing SIP signaling to interception and manipulation. Vendor-released patch available in version 2.17 with GitHub commit ef684252. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, though the vulnerability is straightforward to exploit given the network attack vector and low complexity (CVSS:4.0 AV:N/AC:L/PR:N).

Out-of-bounds read in OSGeo GDAL up to version 3.13.0dev-4 occurs in the HDF-EOS Grid File Handler when parsing malformed HDF4 files, allowing local authenticated attackers to read memory beyond buffer bounds. The vulnerability exists in the memmove operation within SWapi.c and GDapi.c that processes field information without proper bounds validation. Vendor-released patch available in version 3.13.0RC1; publicly available exploit code exists.

Remote code execution in GitPython < 3.1.47 allows unauthenticated network attackers to inject malicious Git configuration during repository clone operations via crafted multi_options arguments. The _clone() method validates options before shlex.split transformation, enabling attackers to bypass unsafe option checks by embedding commands like '--config core.hooksPath=/attacker/path' within '--branch' strings. Git then executes attacker-controlled hooks during clone. Vendor-released patch available in version 3.1.47. CVSS 8.1 with high attack complexity; no EPSS or KEV data available, but public exploit code exists per GitHub security advisory GHSA-x2qx-6953-8485.

Unauthenticated account takeover in FreeScout versions prior to 1.8.217 allows remote attackers to gain permanent access to user accounts, including admin accounts, via non-expiring invite tokens. The /user-setup/{hash} endpoint accepts 60-character invite_hash values with no time-based expiration, remaining valid indefinitely until consumed. Attackers who obtain leaked invite links through forwarded emails, HTTP referrer logs, CDN access logs, or archived messages can set passwords for target accounts months or years post-issuance. CVSS 9.1 (Critical) with network vector and no authentication required. Patched in version 1.8.217 with 7-day invite expiration. EPSS and KEV data not available; no public exploit code identified at time of analysis.

PHP 8.2.31 addresses a buffer overflow vulnerability (CVE-2026-7568) affecting PHP 8.2.x versions that results in information disclosure through out-of-bounds memory reads. The vulnerability requires specific attack preconditions (CVSS AC:H/AT:P) and unauthenticated remote access; exploitation impact is limited to partial disclosure of memory contents. No public exploit code or active exploitation has been identified at the time of analysis.

A buffer over-read vulnerability in PHP 8.2 prior to version 8.2.31 allows remote attackers to disclose sensitive information through a network vector with high attack complexity and partial attack time requirements. The vulnerability (CWE-125) affects information availability and system availability, with CVSS 6.3 indicating moderate risk. Vendor-released patch available in PHP 8.2.31.

Use-after-free memory corruption in PHP 8.2 prior to version 8.2.31 allows remote attackers to cause information disclosure or denial of service via network requests with low attack complexity. The vulnerability is addressed in PHP 8.2.31, released as a security update bundling fixes for eight CVEs including CVE-2026-7261. Patch availability is confirmed from the PHP development team.

Use-after-free memory corruption in PHP 8.2.x enables remote attackers to achieve high-impact exploitation through network-accessible attack vectors, despite high attack complexity and specific timing requirements. PHP 8.2.31 addresses this vulnerability along with seven other security issues in a coordinated security release. The CVSS v4.0 score of 9.5 reflects both confidentiality and integrity impact across vulnerable and subsequent systems, with high availability impact. No public exploit code or active exploitation confirmed at time of analysis, but the vendor urgency indicator (U:Red) and release coordinator emphasis (RE:M) signal critical priority for organizations running PHP 8.2.x in production environments.

Matrix access token disclosure in the Cinny web client (versions before 4.10.3) lets a remote authenticated attacker who shares a room with a victim and can create room emotes (e.g., in a DM) exfiltrate the victim's bearer access token to an attacker-controlled server. The token is leaked when the victim opens the emoji or sticker picker in a room containing a malicious emote pack, because a crafted pack avatar URL is fetched with the user's Authorization header attached. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis, it is not listed in CISA KEV, and no EPSS score was provided; the vendor rates it CVSS 4.0 7.1 (confidentiality-only impact).

Improper certificate validation in Ivanti Endpoint Manager Mobile (EPMM) enables remote unauthenticated attackers to enroll restricted devices without authorization, exposing appliance configuration details and compromising enrolled device identity integrity. Affects EPMM versions prior to 12.6.1.1, 12.7.0.1, and 12.8.0.1. CVSS 7.4 with high attack complexity suggests exploitation requires specific timing or conditions. No confirmed active exploitation (not in CISA KEV) and no public exploit code identified at time of analysis, though Ivanti products have been frequent targets of nation-state actors in recent years.

Certificate validation bypass in Ivanti Endpoint Manager Mobile (EPMM) allows remote unauthenticated attackers to impersonate registered Sentry hosts and fraudulently obtain CA-signed client certificates. Affects all versions before 12.6.1.1, 12.7.0.1, and 12.8.0.1. High-severity network attack (CVSS 8.9) with changed scope indicating potential pivot to additional systems. No active exploitation confirmed in CISA KEV at time of analysis, but Ivanti products are frequent targets requiring immediate patching priority.

Prototype pollution in query-string-parser 1.0.0 enables remote unauthenticated attackers to inject malicious properties into JavaScript object prototypes via crafted query parameters, achieving arbitrary code execution, privilege escalation, or denial of service in Node.js applications. CVSS 9.8 critical severity with network attack vector and no authentication required. EPSS score of 0.02% (4th percentile) indicates low observed exploitation probability despite critical rating. Publicly available proof-of-concept exists (GitHub Gist), but no CISA KEV listing confirms active exploitation. SSVC framework rates this as automatable with total technical impact but currently unexploited, suggesting opportunistic future risk rather than immediate widespread targeting.

npm package parse-ini v1.0.6 is vulnerable to Prototype Pollution in index.js().

Undocumented persistent backdoor in Yarbo firmware v2.3.9 grants remote privileged access that survives factory reset and firmware updates. The backdoor requires high-privilege authentication (CVSS PR:H) but provides complete system control once accessed. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, though GitHub repository reference suggests technical disclosure exists. CVSS 7.2 reflects the high-privilege requirement, but persistence across resets and undocumented nature indicate significant supply chain or insider threat risk.

Medtronic MyCareLink Patient Monitor stores per-product credentials in a recoverable (non-hashed or weakly encrypted) format, allowing physical attackers with device access to extract these credentials and modify encrypted drive data without authentication. Affected models include the 24950 and 24952 monitors. The vulnerability requires physical access to the device (CVSS AV:P) but grants full confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact to stored patient data.

Medtronic MyCareLink Patient Monitor models 24950 and 24952 expose an unauthenticated UART login prompt via an internal serial interface, allowing attackers with physical access to potentially gain administrative control without authentication. The vulnerability achieves high confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact (CVSS 6.8) but requires direct physical access to internal hardware connections, limiting real-world exploitation to scenarios involving device tampering or insider threats.

Predictable token generation in RELATE courseware allows remote attackers to forge authentication and exam access tokens. The vulnerability affects two critical security functions: make_sign_in_key() in auth.py (user authentication) and gen_ticket_code() in exam.py (exam access control). Weak pseudorandom number generation (CWE-338) enables attackers with high complexity to bypass authentication mechanisms and gain unauthorized access to exams with potential for integrity and availability compromise across security boundaries (CVSS scope change). Patched in commit 2f68e16. EPSS data not available; no public exploit identified at time of analysis.

Remote attackers can cause excessive resource allocation and flooding attacks in DivvyDrive 4.8.2.19 through 4.8.3.1 by exploiting uncontrolled object attribute modification combined with absent resource throttling. The vulnerability permits low confidentiality impact but high integrity and availability compromise when a user interacts with attacker-controlled content. TR-CERT has issued an advisory, though no CISA KEV listing or public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis. EPSS data not available to assess exploitation probability.

Multiple memory corruption vulnerabilities in Mozilla Firefox allow remote code execution through browser rendering engine flaws. Firefox ESR 115.35.1, Firefox ESR 140.10.1, and Firefox 150.0.1 contain memory safety bugs with evidence of memory corruption that could enable arbitrary code execution. Fixed versions are available (Firefox 150.0.2, Firefox ESR 140.10.2, Firefox ESR 115.35.2). EPSS score of 0.01% indicates very low exploitation probability in the wild, and SSVC framework shows no confirmed exploitation and non-automatable attacks. Despite high CVSS 8.1, real-world exploitation requires significant complexity (AC:H), reducing immediate risk for most environments.

Remote code execution in Firefox ESR allows unauthenticated network attackers to achieve complete system compromise via malformed audio/video content. Mozilla has released patches in Firefox ESR 140.10.2 and Firefox ESR 115.35.2. Despite a critical CVSS 9.8 score and SSVC rating of 'total' technical impact with automatable exploitation, EPSS assigns only 0.01% exploitation probability (1st percentile), and no public exploit or active exploitation has been identified. The severity stems from the unauthenticated network attack vector against a boundary condition flaw in media playback - a user-facing feature in a widely-deployed browser component.