Buffer Overflow
A buffer overflow occurs when a program writes more data to a memory buffer than it was allocated to hold, causing the excess data to spill into adjacent memory regions.
How It Works
A buffer overflow occurs when a program writes more data to a memory buffer than it was allocated to hold, causing the excess data to spill into adjacent memory regions. This overwrites whatever data or code exists there, corrupting program state and potentially giving attackers control over execution flow.
Stack-based overflows are the most common variant. When a function allocates a fixed-size buffer on the stack and then copies user-controlled input without proper bounds checking, attackers can overflow past the buffer to overwrite the function's return address. When the function completes, instead of returning to legitimate code, execution jumps to attacker-specified memory containing malicious shellcode. Heap-based overflows work differently—they corrupt heap metadata like chunk size fields or free list pointers, leading to arbitrary memory writes when the allocator processes the corrupted structures.
Modern exploitation bypasses defensive mechanisms through techniques like Return-Oriented Programming (ROP), which chains together existing code snippets to avoid non-executable memory protections. Attackers may also use heap spraying to reliably position shellcode at predictable addresses, defeating address randomization.
Impact
- Remote code execution — attacker gains ability to run arbitrary commands with the privileges of the vulnerable process
- Privilege escalation — exploiting kernel or setuid program overflows to gain root/SYSTEM access
- Denial of service — crashes and memory corruption that render systems unusable
- Information disclosure — reading sensitive data from adjacent memory regions that should be inaccessible
- Authentication bypass — overwriting security-critical variables like permission flags or user IDs
Real-World Examples
Fortinet FortiOS suffered a critical buffer overflow (CVE-2025-32756) that allowed unauthenticated remote attackers to execute code as root on firewalls and VPN gateways. Attackers actively exploited this to compromise enterprise network perimeters before patches were available.
The Slammer worm from 2003 exploited a stack overflow in Microsoft SQL Server, spreading to 75,000 hosts in ten minutes by sending a single malformed UDP packet that overwrote the return address with shellcode. No authentication was required.
OpenSSH historically contained a heap overflow in challenge-response authentication that allowed pre-authentication remote root compromise on Unix systems, demonstrating how memory corruption in privileged network services creates maximum impact scenarios.
Mitigation
- Memory-safe languages — Rust, Go, and modern managed languages prevent buffer overflows by design through automatic bounds checking
- Stack canaries — random values placed before return addresses that detect corruption before control transfer
- Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) — randomizes memory locations making exploitation less reliable
- Data Execution Prevention (DEP/NX) — marks memory regions as non-executable, preventing direct shellcode execution
- Bounds checking — validate input sizes before copying, use safe functions like
strncpyinstead ofstrcpy - Fuzzing and static analysis — automated testing to discover overflows before deployment
Recent CVEs (36845)
Microsoft Excel 2003 SP3, 2007 SP2 and SP3, and 2010 Gold and SP1; Office 2008 and 2011 for Mac; Excel Viewer; and Office Compatibility Pack SP2 and SP3 do not properly handle memory during the. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. Epss exploitation probability 58.8% and no vendor patch available.
Microsoft Word 2003 SP3 and 2007 SP2 and SP3, Office 2008 and 2011 for Mac, and Office Compatibility Pack SP2 and SP3 allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. Epss exploitation probability 62.1% and no vendor patch available.
Heap-based buffer overflow in the Office GDI+ library in Microsoft Office 2003 SP3 and 2007 SP2 and SP3 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a crafted EMF image in an Office. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. Epss exploitation probability 64.5% and no vendor patch available.
Microsoft .NET Framework 4 does not properly allocate buffers, which allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via (1) a crafted XAML browser application (aka XBAP) or (2) a crafted .NET. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. Epss exploitation probability 57.6% and no vendor patch available.
Microsoft Excel 2003 SP3 and Office 2008 for Mac do not properly handle memory during the opening of files, which allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a crafted spreadsheet, aka. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. Epss exploitation probability 58.0% and no vendor patch available.
Microsoft Excel 2003 SP3, 2007 SP2 and SP3, and 2010 Gold and SP1; Office 2008 for Mac; Excel Viewer; and Office Compatibility Pack SP2 and SP3 do not properly handle memory during the opening of. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. Epss exploitation probability 62.1% and no vendor patch available.
Microsoft Excel 2003 SP3, 2007 SP2 and SP3, and 2010 Gold and SP1; Office 2011 for Mac; Excel Viewer; and Office Compatibility Pack SP2 and SP3 do not properly handle memory during the opening of. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. Epss exploitation probability 61.6% and no vendor patch available.
Microsoft Visio Viewer 2010 Gold and SP1 does not properly validate attributes in Visio files, which allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a crafted file, aka "VSD File Format Memory. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. Epss exploitation probability 53.7% and no vendor patch available.
WebKit in Apple iOS before 5.1.1 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption and application crash) via a crafted web site. Rated medium severity (CVSS 6.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. No vendor patch available.
VMware Workstation 8.x before 8.0.3, VMware Player 4.x before 4.0.3, VMware Fusion 4.x through 4.1.2, VMware ESXi 3.5 through 5.0, and VMware ESX 3.5 through 4.1 do not properly configure the virtual. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.0), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
VMware ESXi 3.5 through 5.0 and ESX 3.5 through 4.1 allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory overwrite) via NFS traffic. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
The VMX process in VMware ESXi 4.1 and ESX 4.1 does not properly handle RPC commands, which allows guest OS users to cause a denial of service (memory overwrite and process crash) or possibly execute. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.0), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
The VMX process in VMware ESXi 3.5 through 4.1 and ESX 3.5 through 4.1 does not properly handle RPC commands, which allows guest OS users to cause a denial of service (memory overwrite and process. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.9), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
Multiple stack-based buffer overflows in tm1admsd.exe in the Admin Server in IBM Cognos TM1 9.4.x and 9.5.x before 9.5.2 FP2 allow remote attackers to cause a denial of service (daemon crash) or. Rated critical severity (CVSS 10.0), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and EPSS exploitation probability 79.0%.
chan_sip.c in the SIP channel driver in Asterisk Open Source 1.8.x before 1.8.11.1 and 10.x before 10.3.1 and Asterisk Business Edition C.3.x before C.3.7.4, when the trustrpid option is enabled,. Rated medium severity (CVSS 6.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. This Buffer Overflow vulnerability could allow attackers to corrupt memory to execute arbitrary code or crash the application.
Heap-based buffer overflow in chan_skinny.c in the Skinny channel driver in Asterisk Open Source 1.6.2.x before 1.6.2.24, 1.8.x before 1.8.11.1, and 10.x before 10.3.1 allows remote authenticated. Rated medium severity (CVSS 6.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. Epss exploitation probability 10.5%.
Buffer overflow in JustSystems Ichitaro 2011 Sou, Ichitaro 2006 through 2011, Ichitaro Government 2006 through 2010, Ichitaro Portable with oreplug, Ichitaro Viewer, JUST School, JUST School 2009 and. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. No vendor patch available.
The intu-help-qb (aka Intuit Help System Async Pluggable Protocol) handlers in HelpAsyncPluggableProtocol.dll in Intuit QuickBooks 2009 through 2012, when Internet Explorer is used, might allow. Rated low severity (CVSS 1.8). Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.
Heap-based buffer overflow in the intu-help-qb (aka Intuit Help System Async Pluggable Protocol) handlers in HelpAsyncPluggableProtocol.dll in Intuit QuickBooks 2009 through 2012, when Internet. Rated medium severity (CVSS 6.8). Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.
FreeType before 2.4.9, as used in Mozilla Firefox Mobile before 10.0.4 and other products, allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (invalid heap write operation and memory corruption) or. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. No vendor patch available.
FreeType before 2.4.9, as used in Mozilla Firefox Mobile before 10.0.4 and other products, allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (invalid heap write operation and memory corruption) or. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. No vendor patch available.
FreeType before 2.4.9, as used in Mozilla Firefox Mobile before 10.0.4 and other products, allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (invalid heap read operation and memory corruption) or. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. No vendor patch available.
FreeType before 2.4.9, as used in Mozilla Firefox Mobile before 10.0.4 and other products, allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (invalid heap read operation and memory corruption) or. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. No vendor patch available.
Array index error in FreeType before 2.4.9, as used in Mozilla Firefox Mobile before 10.0.4 and other products, allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (invalid stack read operation and. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. No vendor patch available.
FreeType before 2.4.9, as used in Mozilla Firefox Mobile before 10.0.4 and other products, allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (invalid heap read operation and memory corruption) or. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. No vendor patch available.
FreeType before 2.4.9, as used in Mozilla Firefox Mobile before 10.0.4 and other products, allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (invalid heap read operation and memory corruption) or. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. No vendor patch available.
FreeType before 2.4.9, as used in Mozilla Firefox Mobile before 10.0.4 and other products, allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (invalid heap write operation and memory corruption) or. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. No vendor patch available.
FreeType before 2.4.9, as used in Mozilla Firefox Mobile before 10.0.4 and other products, allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (invalid heap read operation and memory corruption) or. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. No vendor patch available.
FreeType before 2.4.9, as used in Mozilla Firefox Mobile before 10.0.4 and other products, allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (invalid heap write operation and memory corruption) or. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. No vendor patch available.
FreeType before 2.4.9, as used in Mozilla Firefox Mobile before 10.0.4 and other products, allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (invalid heap write operation and memory corruption) or. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. No vendor patch available.
FreeType before 2.4.9, as used in Mozilla Firefox Mobile before 10.0.4 and other products, allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (invalid heap read operation and memory corruption) or. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. No vendor patch available.
FreeType before 2.4.9, as used in Mozilla Firefox Mobile before 10.0.4 and other products, on 64-bit platforms allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (invalid heap read operation and. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. No vendor patch available.
FreeType before 2.4.9, as used in Mozilla Firefox Mobile before 10.0.4 and other products, allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (invalid heap read operation and memory corruption) or. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. No vendor patch available.
FreeType before 2.4.9, as used in Mozilla Firefox Mobile before 10.0.4 and other products, allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (invalid heap read operation and memory corruption) or. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. No vendor patch available.
FreeType before 2.4.9, as used in Mozilla Firefox Mobile before 10.0.4 and other products, allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (NULL pointer dereference and memory corruption) or. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. No vendor patch available.
FreeType before 2.4.9, as used in Mozilla Firefox Mobile before 10.0.4 and other products, allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (invalid heap read operation and memory corruption) or. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. No vendor patch available.
FreeType before 2.4.9, as used in Mozilla Firefox Mobile before 10.0.4 and other products, allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (invalid heap read operation and memory corruption) or. Rated critical severity (CVSS 10.0), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
The cairo-dwrite implementation in Mozilla Firefox 4.x through 11.0, Firefox ESR 10.x before 10.0.4, Thunderbird 5.0 through 11.0, Thunderbird ESR 10.x before 10.0.4, and SeaMonkey before 2.9, when. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. No vendor patch available.
Heap-based buffer overflow in the nsSVGFEDiffuseLightingElement::LightPixel function in Mozilla Firefox 4.x through 11.0, Firefox ESR 10.x before 10.0.4, Thunderbird 5.0 through 11.0, Thunderbird ESR. Rated critical severity (CVSS 10.0), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
The browser engine in Mozilla Firefox 4.x through 11.0, Thunderbird 5.0 through 11.0, and SeaMonkey before 2.9 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (assertion failure and memory. Rated critical severity (CVSS 10.0), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
Multiple unspecified vulnerabilities in the browser engine in Mozilla Firefox 4.x through 11.0, Firefox ESR 10.x before 10.0.4, Thunderbird 5.0 through 11.0, Thunderbird ESR 10.x before 10.0.4, and. Rated critical severity (CVSS 10.0), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
Multiple integer signedness errors in crypto/buffer/buffer.c in OpenSSL 0.9.8v allow remote attackers to conduct buffer overflow attacks, and cause a denial of service (memory corruption) or possibly. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.
Heap-based buffer overflow in the Ole API in the CQOle ActiveX control in cqole.dll in IBM Rational ClearQuest 7.1.1 before 7.1.1.9, 7.1.2 before 7.1.2.6, and 8.0.0 before 8.0.0.2 allows remote. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. Public exploit code available and EPSS exploitation probability 66.6%.
The asn1_d2i_read_bio function in crypto/asn1/a_d2i_fp.c in OpenSSL before 0.9.8v, 1.0.0 before 1.0.0i, and 1.0.1 before 1.0.1a does not properly interpret integer data, which allows remote attackers. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.
Buffer overflow in the embedded web server on the Siemens Scalance X Industrial Ethernet switch X414-3E before 3.7.1, X308-2M before 3.7.2, X-300EEC before 3.7.2, XR-300 before 3.7.2, and X-300. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
Multiple stack-based buffer overflows in (1) COM and (2) ActiveX controls in ABB WebWare Server, WebWare SDK, Interlink Module, S4 OPC Server, QuickTeach, RobotStudio S4, and RobotStudio Lite allow. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.7), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
Stack-based buffer overflow in the Profinet DCP protocol implementation on the Siemens Scalance S Security Module firewall S602 V2, S612 V2, and S613 V2 with firmware before 2.3.0.3 allows remote. Rated medium severity (CVSS 6.1), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
Heap-based buffer overflow in the FlashPix PlugIn before 4.3.4.0 for IrfanView might allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a .fpx file containing a crafted FlashPix image that is not. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. Public exploit code available and EPSS exploitation probability 18.3%.
Buffer overflow in ngx_http_mp4_module.c in the ngx_http_mp4_module module in nginx 1.0.7 through 1.0.14 and 1.1.3 through 1.1.18, when the mp4 directive is used, allows remote attackers to cause a. Rated medium severity (CVSS 6.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. This Buffer Copy without Size Check vulnerability could allow attackers to overflow a buffer to corrupt adjacent memory.
Buffer overflow in rn5auth.dll in RealNetworks Helix Server and Helix Mobile Server 14.x before 14.3.x allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via crafted authentication credentials. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
Buffer overflow in the ECOM Ethernet module in Koyo H0-ECOM, H0-ECOM100, H2-ECOM, H2-ECOM-F, H2-ECOM100, H4-ECOM, H4-ECOM-F, and H4-ECOM100 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via long. Rated critical severity (CVSS 10.0), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
The JPEG 2000 codec (jp2.c) in OpenJPEG before 1.5 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a crafted palette index in a CMAP record of a JPEG image, which triggers memory corruption,. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. No vendor patch available.
Buffer overflow in the reassemble_message function in epan/dissectors/packet-rlc.c in the RLC dissector in Wireshark 1.4.x before 1.4.11 and 1.6.x before 1.6.5 allows remote attackers to cause a. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.8), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. Public exploit code available.
The JavaScript API in Adobe Reader and Acrobat 9.x before 9.5.1 and 10.x before 10.1.3 on Mac OS X and Linux allows attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory. Rated medium severity (CVSS 6.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. No vendor patch available.
The JavaScript implementation in Adobe Reader and Acrobat 9.x before 9.5.1 and 10.x before 10.1.3 allows attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via. Rated critical severity (CVSS 10.0), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. Epss exploitation probability 22.6%.
Heap-based buffer overflow in the Office Works File Converter in Microsoft Office 2007 SP2, Works 9, and Works 6-9 File Converter allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a crafted Works. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. Epss exploitation probability 70.3% and no vendor patch available.
Adobe Flash Player before 11.2.202.229 in Google Chrome before 18.0.1025.151 allow attackers to cause a denial of service (memory corruption) or possibly have unspecified other impact via unknown. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. No vendor patch available.
Adobe Flash Player before 11.2.202.229 in Google Chrome before 18.0.1025.151 allow attackers to cause a denial of service (memory corruption) or possibly have unspecified other impact via unknown. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. No vendor patch available.
The BGP implementation in bgpd in Quagga before 0.99.20.1 does not properly use message buffers for OPEN messages, which allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (assertion failure and. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.0), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
Buffer overflow in the OSPFv2 implementation in ospfd in Quagga before 0.99.20.1 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (daemon crash) via a Link State Update (aka LS Update) packet. Rated low severity (CVSS 3.3), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
Buffer overflow in the ospf_ls_upd_list_lsa function in ospf_packet.c in the OSPFv2 implementation in ospfd in Quagga before 0.99.20.1 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (assertion. Rated low severity (CVSS 3.3), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. Public exploit code available.
Buffer overflow in the Cisco WebEx Recording Format (WRF) player T27 L through SP11 EP26, T27 LB through SP21 EP10, T27 LC before SP25 EP10, and T27 LD before SP32 CP1 allows remote attackers to. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. Epss exploitation probability 10.1% and no vendor patch available.
Buffer overflow in the Cisco WebEx Recording Format (WRF) player T27 L through SP11 EP26, T27 LB through SP21 EP10, T27 LC before SP25 EP10, and T27 LD before SP32 CP1 allows remote attackers to. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. No vendor patch available.
Buffer overflow in the Cisco WebEx Recording Format (WRF) player T27 L through SP11 EP26, T27 LB through SP21 EP10, T27 LC before SP25 EP10, and T27 LD before SP32 CP1 allows remote attackers to. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. No vendor patch available.
Heap-based buffer overflow in the WWCabFile ActiveX component in the Wonderware System Platform in Invensys Wonderware Application Server 2012 and earlier, Foxboro Control Software 3.1 and earlier,. Rated medium severity (CVSS 6.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. No vendor patch available.
Heap-based buffer overflow in the WWCabFile ActiveX component in the Wonderware System Platform in Invensys Wonderware Application Server 2012 and earlier, Foxboro Control Software 3.1 and earlier,. Rated medium severity (CVSS 6.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. No vendor patch available.
The FactoryTalk (FT) RNADiagReceiver service in Rockwell Automation Allen-Bradley FactoryTalk CPR9 through SR5 and RSLogix 5000 17 through 20 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.0), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
The NetStream class in Adobe Flash Player before 10.3.183.18 and 11.x before 11.2.202.228 on Windows, Mac OS X, and Linux; Flash Player before 10.3.183.18 and 11.x before 11.2.202.223 on Solaris;. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. This Out-of-bounds Write vulnerability could allow attackers to write data beyond allocated buffer boundaries leading to code execution or crashes.
An unspecified ActiveX control in Adobe Flash Player before 10.3.183.18 and 11.x before 11.2.202.228, and AIR before 3.2.0.2070, on Windows does not properly perform URL security domain checking,. Rated critical severity (CVSS 10.0), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. Epss exploitation probability 19.5%.
mp4fformat.dll in the QuickTime File Format plugin in RealNetworks RealPlayer 15 and earlier, and RealPlayer SP 1.1.4 Build 12.0.0.756 and earlier, allows remote attackers to cause a denial of. Rated medium severity (CVSS 4.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.
gnutls_cipher.c in libgnutls in GnuTLS before 2.12.17 and 3.x before 3.0.15 does not properly handle data encrypted with a block cipher, which allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.0), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.
The asn1_get_length_der function in decoding.c in GNU Libtasn1 before 2.12, as used in GnuTLS before 3.0.16 and other products, does not properly handle certain large length values, which allows. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.0), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and EPSS exploitation probability 10.2%.
Apache Traffic Server 2.0.x and 3.0.x before 3.0.4 and 3.1.x before 3.1.3 does not properly allocate heap memory, which allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (daemon crash) via a long. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.0), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. This Buffer Overflow vulnerability could allow attackers to corrupt memory to execute arbitrary code or crash the application.
Heap-based buffer overflow in dns.cpp in InspIRCd 2.0.5 might allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a crafted DNS query that uses compression. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available.
Integer signedness error in the db2dasrrm process in the DB2 Administration Server (DAS) in IBM DB2 9.1 through FP11, 9.5 before FP9, and 9.7 through FP5 on UNIX platforms allows remote attackers to. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
fcgid_spawn_ctl.c in the mod_fcgid module 2.3.6 for the Apache HTTP Server does not recognize the FcgidMaxProcessesPerClass directive for a virtual host, which makes it easier for remote attackers to. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.0), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. This Buffer Overflow vulnerability could allow attackers to corrupt memory to execute arbitrary code or crash the application.
Stack-based buffer overflow in the HTTP Server in NetMechanica NetDecision before 4.6.1 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (application crash) via a long URL in an HTTP request. Rated medium severity (CVSS 4.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. Public exploit code available and EPSS exploitation probability 83.6%.
Multiple heap-based buffer overflows in VideoLAN VLC media player before 2.0.1 allow remote attackers to cause a denial of service (application crash) or possibly execute arbitrary code via a crafted. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. No vendor patch available.
Stack-based buffer overflow in VideoLAN VLC media player before 2.0.1 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a crafted MMS:// stream. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. Public exploit code available and EPSS exploitation probability 72.9%.
Buffer overflow in the WDDM display driver in VMware ESXi 4.0, 4.1, and 5.0; VMware ESX 4.0 and 4.1; and VMware View before 4.6.1 allows guest OS users to gain guest OS privileges via unspecified. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.2), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
Buffer overflow in the XPDM display driver in VMware View before 4.6.1 allows guest OS users to gain guest OS privileges via unspecified vectors. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.2), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
PRLicenseMgr.exe in the Proficy Server License Manager in GE Intelligent Platforms Proficy Plant Applications 5.0 and earlier allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (memory corruption). Rated critical severity (CVSS 10.0), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
PRRDS.exe in the Proficy Remote Data Service in GE Intelligent Platforms Proficy Plant Applications 5.0 and earlier allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (memory corruption) or. Rated critical severity (CVSS 10.0), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
The Data Archiver service in GE Intelligent Platforms Proficy Historian 4.5 and earlier allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (memory corruption) or possibly execute arbitrary code via. Rated critical severity (CVSS 10.0), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
Buffer overflow in the Cisco Port Forwarder ActiveX control in cscopf.ocx, as distributed through the Clientless VPN feature on Cisco Adaptive Security Appliances (ASA) 5500 series devices with. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. No vendor patch available.
The nsWindow implementation in the browser engine in Mozilla Firefox before 3.6.28 and 4.x through 10.0, Firefox ESR 10.x before 10.0.3, Thunderbird before 3.1.20 and 5.0 through 10.0, Thunderbird. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
Multiple unspecified vulnerabilities in the browser engine in Mozilla Firefox 4.x through 10.0, Firefox ESR 10.x before 10.0.3, Thunderbird 5.0 through 10.0, Thunderbird ESR 10.x before 10.0.3, and. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
Multiple unspecified vulnerabilities in the browser engine in Mozilla Firefox before 3.6.28 and 4.x through 10.0, Firefox ESR 10.x before 10.0.3, Thunderbird before 3.1.20 and 5.0 through 10.0,. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
The SVG Filters implementation in Mozilla Firefox before 3.6.28 and 4.x through 10.0, Firefox ESR 10.x before 10.0.3, Thunderbird before 3.1.20 and 5.0 through 10.0, Thunderbird ESR 10.x before. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.0), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
Microsoft Internet Explorer 6 through 9, and 10 Consumer Preview, allows remote attackers to bypass Protected Mode or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) by leveraging access to a Low. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. No vendor patch available.