Windows Server 2008

Exposure of sensitive information to an unauthorized actor in Windows NT OS Kernel allows an authorized attacker to disclose information locally. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.5), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.

Concurrent execution using shared resource with improper synchronization ('race condition') in Windows Ancillary Function Driver for WinSock allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.0). No vendor patch available.

Concurrent execution using shared resource with improper synchronization ('race condition') in Windows Win32K - GRFX allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.8), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.

Use after free in Windows Message Queuing allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.1), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required. No vendor patch available.

Weak authentication in Windows Installer allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.8), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.

Integer overflow or wraparound in Windows Distributed Transaction Coordinator allows an authorized attacker to disclose information over a network. Rated medium severity (CVSS 6.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.

Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Routing and Remote Access Service (RRAS) allows an authorized attacker to execute code over a network. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.0), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.

Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Routing and Remote Access Service (RRAS) allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.

Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Routing and Remote Access Service (RRAS) allows an authorized attacker to execute code over a network. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.0), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.

Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Win32K - GRFX allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.3), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.

Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Routing and Remote Access Service (RRAS) allows an authorized attacker to execute code over a network. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.0), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.

Time-of-check time-of-use (toctou) race condition in Windows NTFS allows an unauthorized attacker to disclose information locally. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.0), this vulnerability is no authentication required. No vendor patch available.

Use of uninitialized resource in Windows Routing and Remote Access Service (RRAS) allows an authorized attacker to disclose information over a network. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.7), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.

Use of uninitialized resource in Windows Routing and Remote Access Service (RRAS) allows an authorized attacker to disclose information over a network. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.7), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.

Exposure of sensitive information to an unauthorized actor in Windows File Explorer allows an unauthorized attacker to perform spoofing over a network. Rated medium severity (CVSS 6.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and EPSS exploitation probability 15.1%.

Use after free in Desktop Windows Manager allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.8), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.

Concurrent execution using shared resource with improper synchronization ('race condition') in Windows Ancillary Function Driver for WinSock allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.0). No vendor patch available.

Use after free in Windows Kernel allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.8), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.

Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Routing and Remote Access Service (RRAS) allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.

Concurrent execution using shared resource with improper synchronization ('race condition') in Microsoft Graphics Component allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally. Rated medium severity (CVSS 6.7). No vendor patch available.

Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Routing and Remote Access Service (RRAS) allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network.

Integer overflow or wraparound in Microsoft Graphics Component allows an authorized attacker to execute code locally.

Heap-based buffer overflow in Microsoft Graphics Component allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.

Time-of-check time-of-use (toctou) race condition in Microsoft Windows QoS scheduler allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.

Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Routing and Remote Access Service (RRAS) allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network.

Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Win32K - GRFX allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.

Uncontrolled resource consumption in Windows Print Spooler Components allows an authorized attacker to deny service over an adjacent network.

Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Fast FAT Driver allows an unauthorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.

Uncontrolled resource consumption in Windows Netlogon allows an unauthorized attacker to deny service over a network.

Integer overflow or wraparound in Virtual Hard Disk (VHDX) allows an unauthorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.

Null pointer dereference in Windows TCP/IP allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.

Integer overflow or wraparound in Virtual Hard Disk (VHDX) allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code locally.

Out-of-bounds read in Windows Routing and Remote Access Service (RRAS) allows an unauthorized attacker to disclose information over a network.

A privilege escalation vulnerability in Numeric truncation error in Windows Shell (CVSS 7.8) that allows an authorized attacker. High severity vulnerability requiring prompt remediation.

Null pointer dereference in Windows NTFS allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.

Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Routing and Remote Access Service (RRAS) allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network.

Use after free in Kernel Streaming WOW Thunk Service Driver allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.

Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Routing and Remote Access Service (RRAS) allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network.

Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Routing and Remote Access Service (RRAS) allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network.

Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Routing and Remote Access Service (RRAS) allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network.

Exposure of sensitive information to an unauthorized actor in Windows Routing and Remote Access Service (RRAS) allows an unauthorized attacker to disclose information over a network.

Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Routing and Remote Access Service (RRAS) allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network.

Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Routing and Remote Access Service (RRAS) allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network.

Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Routing and Remote Access Service (RRAS) allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network.

A privilege escalation vulnerability in Double free in Windows Win32K - ICOMP (CVSS 7.8) that allows an authorized attacker. High severity vulnerability requiring prompt remediation.

Exposure of sensitive information to an unauthorized actor in Windows User-Mode Driver Framework Host allows an authorized attacker to disclose information locally.

Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Routing and Remote Access Service (RRAS) allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network.

A privilege escalation vulnerability in Untrusted pointer dereference in Windows Ancillary Function Driver for WinSock (CVSS 7.8) that allows an authorized attacker. High severity vulnerability requiring prompt remediation.

Buffer over-read in Windows TDX.sys allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.

Out-of-bounds read in Windows TDX.sys allows an authorized attacker to disclose information locally.

Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Routing and Remote Access Service (RRAS) allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network.

Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Routing and Remote Access Service (RRAS) allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network.

Use after free in Windows Universal Plug and Play (UPnP) Device Host allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges over an adjacent network.

Sensitive data storage in improperly locked memory in Windows Universal Plug and Play (UPnP) Device Host allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges over an adjacent network.

Relative path traversal in Remote Desktop Client allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network.

Integer overflow or wraparound in HID class driver allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.

Access of resource using incompatible type ('type confusion') in Windows SSDP Service allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.

Missing authentication for critical function in Windows Remote Desktop Licensing Service allows an unauthorized attacker to bypass a security feature over a network.

Exposure of sensitive information to an unauthorized actor in Windows Kernel allows an authorized attacker to disclose information locally.

Use after free in Microsoft MPEG-2 Video Extension allows an authorized attacker to execute code locally.

Heap-based buffer overflow in Microsoft MPEG-2 Video Extension allows an authorized attacker to execute code locally.

Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Routing and Remote Access Service (RRAS) allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network.

Integer underflow (wrap or wraparound) in Windows MBT Transport driver allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.

Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Cred SSProvider Protocol allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.

Use after free in Universal Print Management Service allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.

A privilege escalation vulnerability in Untrusted pointer dereference in Windows Event Tracing (CVSS 7.8) that allows an authorized attacker. High severity vulnerability requiring prompt remediation.

Protection mechanism failure in Windows GDI allows an unauthorized attacker to disclose information over a network.

Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows SPNEGO Extended Negotiation allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network.

Exposure of sensitive information to an unauthorized actor in Windows Imaging Component allows an unauthorized attacker to disclose information locally.

Use after free in Windows SSDP Service allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.

A privilege escalation vulnerability in Double free in Windows SSDP Service (CVSS 7.0) that allows an authorized attacker. High severity vulnerability requiring prompt remediation.

Buffer over-read in Virtual Hard Disk (VHDX) allows an unauthorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.

Buffer over-read in Virtual Hard Disk (VHDX) allows an unauthorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.

Privilege escalation vulnerability in Windows Remote Access Connection Manager that allows an authenticated local attacker to elevate privileges to a higher integrity level without user interaction. The vulnerability affects Windows systems with Remote Access Connection Manager enabled and has a CVSS score of 7.8 (High severity). While no active exploitation in the wild has been publicly confirmed at this time, the local attack vector combined with low complexity and no user interaction requirement makes this a significant risk for multi-user or compromised systems where an attacker already has local access.

Privilege escalation vulnerability in Windows Installer that exploits improper symlink/junction handling (CWE-59: link following) to allow an authorized local attacker to elevate privileges without user interaction. With a CVSS score of 7.8 and CVSS vector indicating local attack vector with low complexity and no user interaction required, this vulnerability affects Windows Installer across multiple versions. Real-world risk depends on KEV/CISA status and EPSS probability, which should be cross-referenced against active exploitation reports and POC availability.

Windows SMB contains an improper access control vulnerability (CVE-2025-33073, CVSS 8.8) enabling authenticated attackers to escalate privileges over the network. KEV-listed with EPSS 57.6% and public PoC, this vulnerability in the core Windows file sharing protocol affects every Windows system on the network, enabling lateral movement from any compromised domain account to SYSTEM-level access on SMB-accessible systems.

Use-of-uninitialized-resource vulnerability in Windows Netlogon that allows unauthenticated network attackers to achieve privilege escalation through a complex exploitation path. The vulnerability affects Windows systems running Netlogon services and enables remote code execution with high impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability. Given the network-based attack vector and lack of authentication requirements, this represents a significant threat to networked Windows environments, though exploitation requires specific conditions (high attack complexity).

Heap-based buffer overflow vulnerability in Windows Routing and Remote Access Service (RRAS) that allows unauthenticated remote attackers to execute arbitrary code over the network with user interaction. This is a critical network-accessible vulnerability affecting Windows systems running RRAS; successful exploitation grants the attacker complete system compromise with high confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact. The CVSS 8.8 score reflects the severity, though real-world exploitation probability and active KEV status would determine if this is actively weaponized.

Heap-based buffer overflow vulnerability in Windows Routing and Remote Access Service (RRAS) that allows authenticated network attackers to execute arbitrary code with high impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability. This is a critical vulnerability affecting RRAS implementations across Windows Server and client operating systems; exploitation requires valid credentials but no user interaction, making it suitable for lateral movement and privilege escalation scenarios within compromised networks.

Null pointer dereference in Windows Local Security Authority (LSA) allows an authorized attacker to deny service over a network.

Network-accessible denial-of-service vulnerability in Microsoft's Local Security Authority Server (lsasrv) caused by improper access control (CWE-284). An unauthenticated remote attacker can exploit this with low complexity to render the LSA service unavailable, affecting authentication and security policy enforcement on affected Windows systems. The CVSS 7.5 severity reflects the high availability impact; however, real-world risk depends on EPSS score, KEV candidacy status, and active exploitation data not provided in the source materials.

Windows Internet Shortcut Files (.url) contain an external control vulnerability (CVE-2025-33053, CVSS 8.8) that enables remote code execution over a network. KEV-listed with EPSS 48.5% and public PoC, this vulnerability allows attackers to craft malicious .url files that execute arbitrary code when opened, bypassing the security restrictions normally applied to internet-sourced shortcut files.

Windows Local Security Authority Subsystem Service (LSASS) contains an uncontrolled resource consumption vulnerability that allows unauthenticated remote attackers to cause a denial of service. Crashing or degrading LSASS disrupts all authentication and authorization on the affected Windows server, effectively taking the system offline.

CVE-2025-32716 is an out-of-bounds read vulnerability in Windows Media that allows an authenticated local attacker to achieve privilege escalation on affected systems. The vulnerability has a CVSS score of 7.8 (high severity) due to its impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability. Without confirmation of KEV status, active exploitation, or public POC availability from the provided data, the real-world risk assessment requires evaluation against the moderate attack complexity (local access required, authenticated user needed).

Out-of-bounds read in Remote Desktop Client allows an unauthorized attacker to disclose information over a network.

Local privilege escalation vulnerability in Windows Installer caused by improper access control (CWE-284) that allows an authorized local attacker to elevate privileges without user interaction. The vulnerability affects Windows Installer components across multiple Windows versions and has a CVSS score of 7.8 (High severity). Without confirmation of KEV status or active exploitation data, the high CVSS vector (Low attack complexity, Low privileges required) indicates this represents a significant risk to systems where local user accounts exist.

Heap-based buffer overflow vulnerability in the Windows Common Log File System (CLFS) Driver that allows local authenticated attackers to achieve privilege escalation with high confidence of exploitation. The vulnerability affects Windows systems with the CLFS driver enabled and requires local access with standard user privileges; successful exploitation grants complete system compromise including code execution at SYSTEM level. While no public POC is confirmed in available intelligence, the straightforward nature of heap overflows and the high CVSS score (7.8) with low attack complexity indicate active research interest and potential for rapid weaponization.

Use-after-free vulnerability in the Windows Win32K graphics subsystem (GRFX component) that allows a locally authenticated attacker to achieve arbitrary code execution and privilege escalation without user interaction. The vulnerability affects Windows systems with affected Win32K versions and carries a CVSS score of 7.8 (high severity). Given the local attack vector requirement and the need for prior authentication, real-world exploitation is constrained to insider threats or attackers who have already achieved initial access; however, the severity of the impact (complete system compromise) makes this a critical priority for patching.

Use-after-free vulnerability in Windows Remote Desktop Services (RDS) that allows unauthenticated network attackers to execute arbitrary code with high complexity requirements. The vulnerability affects Windows systems running RDS and represents a critical remote code execution risk; exploitation requires network access but no user interaction, though attack complexity is rated as high. If this CVE has been added to CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities (KEV) catalog, it indicates active exploitation in the wild and should be treated as an immediate priority.

Windows Ancillary Function Driver for WinSock contains a use-after-free enabling local privilege escalation through a null pointer dereference, exploited in May 2025.