Red Hat

This vulnerability is a memory leak in the Linux kernel's AF_XDP socket implementation where buffers fail to be properly returned to the free list due to improper list node reinitialization. The vulnerability affects all Linux kernel versions with the AF_XDP subsystem enabled, potentially allowing local attackers or unprivileged users to exhaust kernel memory over time. While not actively exploited in the wild according to available intelligence, the vulnerability has clear patches available in stable kernel branches and represents a real denial-of-service risk for systems relying on XDP functionality.

An out-of-bounds (OOB) memory access vulnerability exists in the Linux kernel's MediaTek MT7996 WiFi driver (mt76) within the mt7996_mac_write_txwi_80211() function. The vulnerability occurs when the function accesses management frame fields without first validating the frame length, potentially allowing information disclosure or denial of service on systems using affected MT7996 hardware. Multiple stable kernel patches are available across several kernel versions, indicating the issue has been actively remediated in the upstream Linux project.

A resource leak vulnerability exists in the Linux kernel's ETAS ES58X USB CAN driver where URBs (USB Request Blocks) submitted in the read bulk callback are not properly anchored before submission, potentially causing memory leaks when usb_kill_anchored_urbs() is invoked. This affects all Linux kernel versions running the etas_es58x driver. An attacker with local access to trigger device disconnection or system shutdown could cause kernel memory exhaustion through repeated URB leaks, leading to denial of service or information disclosure of kernel memory contents.

The Apple Silicon SMC hwmon driver (macsmc-hwmon) in the Linux kernel contains critical memory safety bugs in sensor population and float conversion logic. Specifically, voltage sensors are incorrectly registered to the temperature sensor array, and float-to-32-bit conversion has flawed exponent handling, potentially leading to out-of-bounds memory access, data corruption, or incorrect fan control on affected Apple Silicon systems. The vulnerability affects Linux kernel versions with the macsmc-hwmon driver and has been patched; no active exploitation or POC is currently known, but the nature of the bugs suggests high real-world risk for systems relying on thermal management.

A descriptor validation bypass in the Linux kernel's ALSA USB audio subsystem allows malicious USB devices to provide truncated UAC3 (USB Audio Class 3) header descriptors that escape validation checks, potentially causing out-of-bounds memory reads. The vulnerability stems from an incorrect protocol version constant (UAC_VERSION_2 instead of UAC_VERSION_3) in the validator table, causing validation logic to never execute for actual UAC3 devices. Affected are all Linux kernel versions containing the vulnerable code path; while CVSS and EPSS scores are not provided, this is a local privilege escalation / denial of service vector requiring physical USB device access or local code execution capability to exploit.

A memory alignment fault vulnerability exists in the Linux kernel's IPv4 multipath routing hash seed implementation that causes kernel panics on ARM64 systems when compiled with Clang and Link Time Optimization (LTO) enabled. The vulnerability affects all Linux kernel versions with the vulnerable code path in net/ipv4/route.c, specifically impacting ARM64 architectures where strict alignment requirements for Load-Acquire instructions are enforced. An attacker with local access or ability to trigger multipath hash operations could cause a denial of service by crashing the kernel, though no active exploitation has been reported in the wild.

An out-of-bounds (OOB) memory access vulnerability exists in the Linux kernel's mt76 WiFi driver, specifically in the mt76_connac2_mac_write_txwi_80211() function which fails to validate frame length before accessing management frame fields. This affects all Linux kernel versions containing the vulnerable mt76 driver code and could allow an attacker to read sensitive kernel memory or trigger a denial of service through a specially crafted WiFi management frame. The vulnerability has been patched across multiple stable kernel branches with fixes available since the issue was identified.

A device node reference leak exists in the Linux kernel's bq257xx regulator driver within the bq257xx_reg_dt_parse_gpio() function. When the function fails to retrieve a subchild device node, it returns prematurely without properly releasing the reference via of_node_put(child), causing a memory leak. This affects all Linux kernel versions containing this vulnerable code path in the bq257xx regulator driver, and while not directly exploitable for code execution, the memory leak can be triggered repeatedly to degrade system stability and availability.

A preempt count leak exists in the Linux kernel's i40e network driver within the napi poll tracepoint implementation, where get_cpu() is called without a corresponding put_cpu() to restore the preempt count. This affects all Linux kernel versions containing the vulnerable i40e driver code and can cause kernel accounting errors and potential system instability when the tracepoint is enabled. The vulnerability has no known active exploitation or public proof-of-concept code, and while not formally scored with CVSS, it represents a moderate kernel reliability issue that has persisted undetected for over three years.

The Linux kernel's kaweth USB driver fails to validate that probed USB devices have the expected number and types of endpoints before binding to them, allowing a malicious or malformed USB device to cause a kernel crash when the driver blindly accesses non-existent endpoints. This denial-of-service vulnerability affects Linux kernel versions across multiple stable branches and can be triggered by any user with the ability to connect a crafted USB device to a system running the vulnerable kernel. While CVSS and EPSS scores are not available, the vulnerability represents a straightforward crash vector with no reported active exploitation but patches are available across multiple kernel versions.

A lockdep-detected invalid wait context vulnerability exists in the Linux kernel's performance event scheduling subsystem, specifically in the ctx_sched_in() function when handling pinned events. The vulnerability affects all Linux kernel versions (cpe:2.3:a:linux:linux:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*) and arises when the kernel attempts to acquire a wait-queue lock while already holding a perf-context lock, violating lock ordering rules and potentially causing system hangs or crashes. This is a kernel-level synchronization bug that can be triggered by unprivileged users with access to perf event tracing capabilities, though active exploitation in the wild has not been documented.

A NULL pointer dereference vulnerability exists in the Linux kernel's event tracing subsystem, specifically in the trigger_data_free() function which fails to validate NULL pointers before dereferencing the data->cmd_ops field. This affects all Linux kernel versions where the vulnerable tracing code is present, and can be exploited by local attackers with appropriate privileges to cause a denial of service through kernel panic. The vulnerability was discovered through automated code review rather than active exploitation in the wild, and patches have been committed to stable kernel branches.

A warning trace vulnerability exists in the Linux kernel's pinctrl equilibrium driver where the eqbr_irq_mask_ack() callback function incorrectly calls both eqbr_irq_mask() and eqbr_irq_ack(), causing gpiochip_disable_irq() to be invoked twice and generating spurious kernel warnings on every GPIO during driver load. All Linux kernel versions with the affected equilibrium pinctrl driver are impacted, though this is primarily a kernel stability and logging issue rather than a security vulnerability. The issue has been resolved in multiple stable kernel branches as evidenced by the five stable commit hashes referenced, indicating patches are available.

A buffer overflow vulnerability exists in the Linux kernel's EMS USB CAN driver (ems_usb) in the ems_usb_read_bulk_callback() function, where the driver fails to properly validate USB message lengths before parsing and copying data. An attacker with the ability to supply a malicious USB device or intercept USB communications could trigger a buffer overflow by providing specially crafted messages that exceed the expected message boundaries, potentially leading to kernel memory corruption, denial of service, or privilege escalation. No CVSS score, EPSS risk rating, or active exploitation data (KEV status) is currently available, though multiple stable kernel branches have received patches indicating vendor awareness of the issue's severity.

Out-of-bounds memory access in the Linux kernel's accel/rocket DRM driver allows local authenticated users to trigger denial of service and potential information disclosure during probe failure paths. The flaw stems from improper error unwinding in rocket_probe() when rocket_core_init() fails (notably on EPROBE_DEFER), leaving stale counter state that subsequent code dereferences out of bounds. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, and EPSS scores exploitation likelihood at 0.02% (4th percentile), consistent with a hardware-driver-specific issue requiring local access.

The Linux kernel CIFS client contains an information disclosure vulnerability where debug logging in the cifs_set_cifscreds() function exposes plaintext usernames and passwords in kernel logs when debug logging is enabled. This affects all versions of the Linux kernel with CIFS client support, allowing any local user or administrator with access to kernel logs to recover plaintext SMB credentials. While no CVSS score, EPSS data, or KEV status is publicly available, the severity is elevated due to the direct exposure of authentication credentials in commonly-accessible debug logs.

The Linux kernel contains a memory allocation failure vulnerability in the ASoC SDCA (Serial Data Center Audio) subsystem where the find_sdca_entity_iot() function allocates memory for an Entity name but fails to validate whether the allocation succeeded. An attacker with local access could trigger memory allocation failure conditions to cause an information disclosure or denial of service, depending on how the unvalidated null pointer is subsequently used. No CVSS score, EPSS data, or KEV status is currently available for this vulnerability.

This vulnerability is a memory leak in the Linux kernel's Bluetooth subsystem where Socket Buffers (SKBs) queued into the sk_error_queue for TX timestamping are not properly purged during socket destruction, allowing sensitive timestamp data to persist in kernel memory. The vulnerability affects all Linux kernel versions that support Bluetooth with SO_TIMESTAMPING enabled (cpe:2.3:a:linux:linux:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*). An attacker with local access could potentially read leaked kernel memory contents including timestamp information that should have been cleaned up, or trigger the leak by unexpectedly removing the Bluetooth controller while timestamped packets remain queued.

A denial-of-service vulnerability exists in the Linux kernel's ucan (CAN-over-USB) driver where malformed USB messages with a zero-length field cause an infinite loop in the ucan_read_bulk_callback() function, hanging the entire system. An attacker with physical access to a USB port can connect a malicious or compromised CAN device to trigger this condition, rendering the affected system unresponsive. While no CVSS or EPSS scores are available, the vulnerability is confirmed as patched across multiple stable kernel branches with six commits addressing the issue.

A credential reference leak exists in the Linux kernel's nfsd (NFS daemon) subsystem, specifically in the nfsd_nl_threads_set_doit() function which handles netlink-based thread configuration. The vulnerability affects all Linux kernel versions containing the vulnerable nfsd code path, allowing local users with netlink access to trigger memory leaks of credential structures through repeated invocations of the affected function. While not directly exploitable for privilege escalation or data theft, the memory leak can lead to denial of service through resource exhaustion and enables information disclosure via leaked kernel memory structures.

A reference count leak in the Linux kernel's SCSI core subsystem causes the tagset_refcnt reference counter to fail to decrement properly, resulting in resource exhaustion and system hangs during SCSI host teardown. This affects all Linux kernel versions with the vulnerable code path, particularly impacting iSCSI configurations where the leak manifests as indefinite blocking in scsi_remove_host() calls. While not actively exploited in the wild (no KEV status), this is a denial-of-service vulnerability that can be triggered by any user with the ability to manage SCSI sessions or trigger host removal operations.

A deadlock vulnerability exists in the Linux kernel's AMD XDNA accelerator driver (accel/amdxdna) that occurs when an application issues a query IOCTL while the device is undergoing auto-suspend. The vulnerability affects all Linux distributions shipping the vulnerable kernel code. An attacker with local access to the system can trigger this deadlock by issuing query IOCTLs concurrently with power management events, causing a complete hang of the AMD XDNA accelerator subsystem and denial of service to legitimate applications. This vulnerability is not listed in the CISA KEV catalog and no public exploit code has been identified, but the fix has been integrated into the stable Linux kernel.

A recursive locking vulnerability exists in the Linux kernel's target core configfs implementation where the target_core_item_dbroot_store() function attempts to open a file using filp_open() while already holding a semaphore (frag_sem) acquired in flush_write_buffer(), creating a deadlock condition when the same configfs file is accessed. This affects all Linux kernel versions with the vulnerable target subsystem code, and while no CVSS score or EPSS data is publicly available, the vulnerability has been resolved across multiple stable kernel branches with patch commits available in the kernel git repository, suggesting active acknowledgment of the issue as a legitimate kernel bug requiring remediation.

This vulnerability involves improper resource cleanup in the Linux kernel's NFC PN533 USB driver, where a reference count on the USB interface is not properly released when a device is disconnected. Affected systems include all Linux kernel versions with the vulnerable PN533 driver code, impacting any system using NFC devices based on the PN533 chipset. While this is a resource management issue rather than a direct memory corruption vulnerability, it can lead to information disclosure or denial of service through USB interface resource exhaustion over repeated device attach/detach cycles. The vulnerability has been resolved in the Linux kernel with multiple backported patches available across stable branches.

This vulnerability is a resource leak in the Linux kernel's InfiniBand mthca driver within the mthca_create_srq() function, where the mthca_unmap_user_db() cleanup call is missing on the error path. A user with local access can trigger this leak by causing the mthca_create_srq() system call to fail, resulting in persistent kernel memory not being freed, which could lead to denial of service through memory exhaustion. While no CVSS score, EPSS value, or KEV status is documented, the issue affects all Linux kernel versions using the mthca driver and has been patched across multiple stable kernel branches as evidenced by six linked commit fixes.

A null pointer dereference vulnerability exists in the Linux kernel's ATM LANE module (lec_arp_clear_vccs function) where multiple ARP entries can share the same virtual circuit connection (VCC). When a VCC is closed, the kernel iterates through ARP entries and clears associated VCC pointers; if multiple entries share the same VCC, the first iteration frees the vpriv structure and sets it to NULL, causing subsequent iterations to crash when attempting to dereference the now-NULL pointer. A local attacker can trigger this denial of service condition through crafted ATM socket operations, as demonstrated by existing syzkaller reproducers.

A null-pointer dereference vulnerability exists in the Linux kernel's DRBD (Distributed Replicated Block Device) subsystem when handling local read errors. When a READ_COMPLETED_WITH_ERROR event occurs in drbd_request_endio(), a NULL peer_device pointer is passed to the __req_mod() function, which then unconditionally dereferences it in drbd_set_out_of_sync(), causing a kernel panic or system crash. This affects all Linux kernel versions with the vulnerable DRBD code, and while not actively exploited in the wild, it can be triggered by a local user or administrator through normal disk I/O error conditions, resulting in denial of service.

A PM runtime reference leak exists in the Linux kernel's fp9931 regulator driver hwmon interface, where the pm_runtime_put_autosuspend() function fails to be called when regmap_read() encounters an error, causing the power management reference count to become unbalanced. This affects all Linux kernel versions with the vulnerable fp9931 driver code. While not directly exploitable for code execution, the reference leak can lead to device power management failures, potential denial of service through resource exhaustion, or unexpected device behavior in systems using the FP9931 regulator hardware.

An uninitialized variable vulnerability exists in the Linux kernel's SMB2 client implementation within the smb2_unlink() function, where failure of SMB2_open_init() or SMB2_close_init() operations (such as during reconnection) leaves iovs structures uninitialized. If subsequent cleanup functions like SMB2_open_free(), SMB2_close_free(), or smb2_set_related() attempt to operate on these uninitialized structures, the kernel will oops (crash), resulting in a denial of service condition affecting all Linux distributions and versions using affected kernel code.

Use-after-free in the Linux kernel's libertas wireless driver (lbs_free_adapter()) allows local privileged users to corrupt memory when a timer callback races with adapter teardown. The flaw stems from using non-synchronous timer_delete() instead of timer_delete_sync() on command_timer and tx_lockup_timer, leaving callbacks free to dereference freed driver_lock, cur_cmd, and dev fields. EPSS is very low (0.02%, 7th percentile) and there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis, but the bug has existed since the driver's introduction and on stable trees through 6.18.x.

A NULL pointer dereference vulnerability exists in the Linux kernel's mac80211 mesh networking subsystem (CVE-2026-23279), specifically in the mesh_rx_csa_frame() function which fails to validate the presence of the Mesh Channel Switch Parameters IE before dereferencing it. A remote attacker with an established mesh peer link can trigger a kernel panic by sending a crafted SPECTRUM_MGMT/CHL_SWITCH action frame that includes matching Mesh ID and configuration elements but omits the required Channel Switch Parameters IE. This vulnerability affects all Linux kernel versions since v3.13 (January 2014) and requires no special authentication beyond the default open mesh peering, making it a trivial denial-of-service vector against systems with mesh networking enabled.

An authorization and state management flaw in Apple's WebKit browser engine allows maliciously crafted webpages to fingerprint users by exploiting improper state handling during web interactions. This vulnerability affects Safari 26.4, iOS 26.4, iPadOS 26.4, macOS Tahoe 26.4, visionOS 26.4, and watchOS 26.4 across all Apple platforms. An attacker can exploit this by hosting a specially crafted webpage that leverages the state management weakness to extract browser or device identifiers without user knowledge, enabling user tracking and profiling attacks. No CVSS score, EPSS data, or public proof-of-concept details are currently available, though Apple has released fixes across all affected platforms.

This vulnerability allows attackers to bypass Content Security Policy (CSP) enforcement in Apple's WebKit engine through maliciously crafted web content, affecting Safari and all Apple platforms including iOS, iPadOS, macOS, tvOS, visionOS, and watchOS. The vulnerability stems from improper state management during web content processing, enabling attackers to circumvent a critical security control that prevents injection attacks and unauthorized script execution. While no CVSS score or EPSS data is currently available, the broad platform impact across Apple's entire ecosystem and the fundamental nature of CSP bypass as an information disclosure vector indicate significant real-world risk.

A cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability exists in Apple's Safari browser and iOS/iPadOS operating systems due to insufficient input validation in website content handling. An attacker can craft a malicious website that, when visited by a user, executes arbitrary JavaScript in the context of the victim's browser, potentially stealing credentials, session tokens, or performing actions on behalf of the user. Apple has released patches across Safari 26.4, iOS 18.7.7, iPadOS 18.7.7, iOS 26.4, iPadOS 26.4, and macOS Tahoe 26.4 to address this logic flaw, though no CVSS score, EPSS data, or KEV status has been publicly disclosed, suggesting this may be a proactive disclosure rather than an actively exploited vulnerability.

A privilege escalation vulnerability exists in osslsigncode (mtrojnar) versions 2.10 and earlier within the osslsigncode.c component, allowing remote attackers to escalate privileges. The vulnerability affects users of the osslsigncode code signing utility. While CVSS scoring is not yet available, referenced GitHub issues and pull requests suggest this is an authenticated or context-dependent issue that has been identified and likely patched.

NATS.io nats-server contains an authentication bypass vulnerability in its mTLS client identity verification when using the verify_and_map feature to derive NATS identities from TLS client certificate Subject DN patterns. An authenticated attacker with a valid certificate from a trusted CA can exploit certain RDN (Relative Distinguished Name) patterns to bypass intended identity mapping controls, potentially gaining unauthorized access to message queues. The vulnerability requires both a valid certificate and specific DN construction patterns, making it a low-probability but credible threat for sophisticated deployments; no public POC or active exploitation has been documented, and the CVSS score of 4.2 reflects the high attack complexity and privilege requirement.

NATS-server versions prior to v2.12.6 or v2.11.15 are vulnerable to authentication bypass through spoofed Nats-Request-Info headers in leafnode connections. An attacker with low privileges and network access can craft malicious messages with forged identity claims that propagate through untrusted leafnode connections, allowing clients that rely on this header for trust decisions to be deceived about message origins. This affects downstream NATS clients making security decisions based on the header, potentially compromising confidentiality and integrity of message-based applications.

NATS-server versions prior to v2.12.6 or v2.11.15 contain an authentication bypass vulnerability where the Nats-Request-Info message header, intended to guarantee request identity, is not fully stripped from inbound client messages. An attacker with valid credentials to any regular client interface can spoof their identity to downstream services that rely on this header for authorization decisions, potentially leading to unauthorized access or impersonation. While no confirmed active exploitation or public proof-of-concept is documented, the low attack complexity and low privilege requirements (any authenticated user) combined with the CVSS 6.4 score indicate moderate real-world risk, particularly in environments where message header-based identity verification is critical.

NATS JetStream before v2.11.15 and v2.12.6 allows authenticated users with admin API access to bypass stream-level restore restrictions and restore backups to unauthorized streams, enabling unauthorized data manipulation. An attacker with JetStream admin credentials can exploit this privilege escalation vulnerability to access or modify streams they should not have permission to alter. No patch is currently available, requiring administrators to temporarily revoke JetStream restore permissions as a mitigation.

NATS-Server versions prior to 2.11.15 and 2.12.5 contain an authentication bypass vulnerability in the MQTT client interface that allows attackers to hijack sessions and messages through malicious MQTT Client ID manipulation. The vulnerability affects all versions of nats-server using the affected version ranges and has a CVSS score of 6.5 (medium-high severity) due to the combination of high confidentiality impact and low availability impact. No known public exploits or active exploitation in the wild has been confirmed, but the authentication bypass nature (CWE-287) and patch availability indicate this is a practical, exploitable issue that requires immediate attention for organizations running affected versions.

A valid NATS client using message tracing headers can be exploited to send trace messages to arbitrary subjects, bypassing publish permission controls. This affects NATS Server versions prior to 2.12.6 and 2.11.15, allowing authenticated clients to violate authorization policies. While the injected payload is limited to valid trace messages rather than arbitrary content, the capability to publish to unauthorized subjects represents an integrity violation and potential information disclosure risk.

A spoofing vulnerability exists in Mozilla Thunderbird that affects versions below 149 and below 140.9, allowing attackers to spoof email sources or identities. This vulnerability is classified as an information disclosure issue that could compromise email authentication and user trust. While specific CVSS and EPSS metrics are unavailable, the vulnerability warrants prompt patching as Mozilla has issued security advisories indicating active remediation efforts.

sbt on Windows is vulnerable to command injection through unvalidated URI fragments in VCS dependency declarations. When resolving git, mercurial, or subversion repositories, sbt passes user-controlled branch, tag, or revision parameters directly to cmd.exe without sanitization, allowing attackers to inject arbitrary Windows commands via special characters like &, |, and ; that cmd /c interprets as command separators. An attacker who controls a dependency URI in a project's build.sbt file can execute arbitrary commands with the privileges of the user running sbt. A proof-of-concept exists demonstrating execution of calc.exe, and patches are available from the vendor for sbt versions 1.12.7 and later.

NGINX Plus and NGINX Open Source contain an authentication bypass vulnerability in the ngx_stream_ssl_module where revoked certificates are incorrectly accepted during TLS handshakes despite OCSP checking. When ssl_verify_client and ssl_ocsp are both enabled, the module fails to properly enforce certificate revocation status, allowing clients with revoked certificates to establish connections. This affects both commercial NGINX Plus and open-source NGINX deployments with a CVSS score of 5.4 (Medium), representing a localized confidentiality and integrity impact requiring authenticated attackers.

NGINX Plus and NGINX Open Source contain an improper handling vulnerability in the ngx_mail_smtp_module that allows DNS response injection through malformed CRLF sequences. An attacker controlling a DNS server can inject arbitrary headers into SMTP upstream requests, potentially manipulating mail routing and message content. With a CVSS score of 3.7 and low attack complexity, this represents an integrity issue rather than a critical exploitability threat, though it requires network-level DNS control.

A boundary condition vulnerability exists in Firefox's Graphics Text component that allows information disclosure through incorrect memory handling during text rendering operations. This affects Firefox versions below 149 and Firefox ESR versions below 140.9, potentially enabling attackers to read sensitive data from adjacent memory regions. No active exploitation in the wild has been confirmed, but the vulnerability warrants prompt patching given its information disclosure impact.

An undefined behavior vulnerability exists in the WebRTC Signaling component of Mozilla Firefox and Firefox ESR, potentially leading to information disclosure. This affects Firefox versions below 149 and Firefox ESR versions below 140.9. An attacker can exploit this through WebRTC signaling interactions to disclose sensitive information, though specific exploitation details remain limited in public disclosures.

A spoofing vulnerability exists in Firefox's Privacy: Anti-Tracking component that allows attackers to deceive users or bypass security mechanisms through fraudulent representation. Firefox versions prior to 149 are affected. While specific exploit details are limited in available intelligence, the spoofing nature suggests attackers could impersonate legitimate content or services, potentially leading to credential theft, phishing success, or privacy compromise. No CVSS score, EPSS data, or confirmed KEV status is currently available, limiting real-time risk quantification.

Mozilla NSS Libraries contain a denial-of-service vulnerability affecting Firefox versions below 149 that allows unauthenticated remote attackers to crash affected systems without requiring user interaction. The flaw stems from improper resource handling and currently lacks an available patch. Given the high CVSS score of 7.5 and network-based attack vector, this poses significant availability risk to Mozilla Firefox users.

Firefox versions below 149 are vulnerable to a resource exhaustion attack through malformed XML processing that an unauthenticated attacker can trigger remotely without user interaction. This denial-of-service vulnerability allows attackers to crash affected Firefox instances or degrade performance. No patch is currently available for this vulnerability.

Firefox's Netmonitor component contains a privilege escalation vulnerability that affects versions prior to 149 (ESR < 140.9), allowing unauthenticated attackers to gain elevated privileges through network-accessible attack vectors with no user interaction required. This critical flaw (CVSS 9.8) enables complete system compromise including confidentiality, integrity, and availability violations, with no patch currently available.

Mozilla Firefox versions below 149 and Firefox ESR below 140.9 contain memory safety flaws in the JavaScript Engine that enable remote code execution and denial of service attacks without user interaction or special privileges. An unauthenticated attacker can exploit improper boundary condition handling and uninitialized memory to achieve high-impact confidentiality violations and system availability disruption. No patch is currently available.

An uninitialized memory vulnerability exists in Firefox and Firefox ESR's Graphics Canvas2D component that can lead to information disclosure. Firefox versions prior to 149 and Firefox ESR versions prior to 140.9 are affected. An attacker can exploit this by crafting malicious Canvas2D operations to read uninitialized memory contents from the graphics rendering pipeline, potentially exposing sensitive data from the browser process.

An incorrect boundary condition vulnerability exists in the Audio/Video component of Mozilla Firefox and Firefox ESR, allowing potential information disclosure through improper memory handling. Firefox versions below 149 and Firefox ESR versions below 140.9 are affected. An attacker may exploit this vulnerability to leak sensitive information from the browser process memory by triggering specific audio or video processing operations, though active exploitation status is not confirmed at this time.

An incorrect boundary condition vulnerability exists in the Graphics component of Mozilla Firefox and Firefox ESR, allowing information disclosure through improper memory access. Firefox versions below 149 and Firefox ESR versions below 140.9 are affected. An attacker can exploit this vulnerability to read sensitive information from memory by triggering the boundary condition in graphics processing operations.

An information disclosure vulnerability exists in the Widget: Cocoa component of Mozilla Firefox and Firefox ESR, allowing attackers to access sensitive information through the affected rendering engine. Firefox versions prior to 149 and Firefox ESR versions prior to 140.9 are vulnerable. The vulnerability permits unauthorized information leakage, though the specific attack mechanism and data exposure scope require analysis of the referenced Mozilla security advisories.

Unauthenticated remote attackers can escape the Firefox sandbox through a use-after-free vulnerability in the Canvas2D graphics component, allowing arbitrary code execution on affected systems running Firefox versions prior to 149. The vulnerability requires no user interaction and impacts the entire system due to its critical severity and CVSS score of 10.0. No patch is currently available for this actively exploitable flaw.

A use-after-free vulnerability in Firefox's Cocoa widget component allows remote code execution without user interaction or special privileges, affecting Firefox versions below 149 and ESR below 140.9. An attacker can exploit this memory corruption flaw over the network to achieve complete system compromise with high confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact. No patch is currently available.

An incorrect boundary conditions vulnerability exists in Firefox and Firefox ESR's Audio/Video component that enables information disclosure attacks. Firefox versions below 149 and Firefox ESR versions below 140.9 are affected. Attackers can exploit improper boundary validation in audio/video processing to leak sensitive information from the browser process.

A boundary condition vulnerability exists in Firefox's Audio/Video GMP (Gecko Media Plugin) component that enables information disclosure to attackers. This flaw affects Firefox versions below 149, Firefox ESR below 115.34, and Firefox ESR below 140.9. An attacker can exploit incorrect boundary condition handling in media processing to disclose sensitive information from the affected browser process.

A boundary condition error in Firefox's Graphics component allows information disclosure through improper memory access validation. This vulnerability affects Firefox versions below 149 and Firefox ESR versions below 140.9, enabling attackers to read sensitive memory contents from the graphics processing context. While no CVSS score or EPSS data is currently available, the vulnerability is documented across multiple Mozilla security advisories indicating active awareness by the vendor.

A boundary condition vulnerability exists in Mozilla Firefox's Graphics Canvas2D component that enables information disclosure attacks. The vulnerability affects Firefox versions below 149, Firefox ESR below 115.34, and Firefox ESR below 140.9. An attacker can exploit incorrect boundary condition handling in Canvas2D operations to read sensitive data from memory, potentially disclosing user information or browser-internal data through a web-based attack vector.

This vulnerability involves incorrect boundary conditions in the Firefox Graphics Canvas2D component that can lead to information disclosure. The vulnerability affects Firefox versions prior to 149, Firefox ESR versions prior to 115.34, and Firefox ESR versions prior to 140.9. An attacker can exploit this flaw to access sensitive memory information through specially crafted Canvas2D operations, potentially exposing user data or system information.

An undefined behavior vulnerability exists in the WebRTC Signaling component of Mozilla Firefox and Firefox ESR, potentially enabling information disclosure attacks. Firefox versions prior to 149 and Firefox ESR versions prior to 140.9 are affected. While specific exploitation mechanics are not fully detailed in available public sources, the vulnerability is classified as an information disclosure issue that could allow attackers to extract sensitive data through malformed WebRTC signaling messages.

Mozilla Firefox versions prior to 149 and Firefox ESR prior to 140.9 are vulnerable to denial-of-service attacks through the WebRTC signaling component, which an unauthenticated remote attacker can exploit without user interaction to crash affected browsers. The vulnerability stems from improper resource handling and currently has no available patch, leaving users of affected versions at risk of service disruption.

An undefined behavior vulnerability exists in the Firefox Audio/Video component that could lead to information disclosure. This affects all Firefox versions prior to 149. While specific exploitation details are limited due to missing CVSS and CWE data, the vulnerability's classification as information disclosure suggests an attacker could potentially access sensitive audio or video processing data or bypass security boundaries within the multimedia subsystem.

Firefox versions prior to 149 contain a use-after-free vulnerability in the JavaScript engine that allows unauthenticated remote attackers to achieve arbitrary code execution with no user interaction required. The vulnerability affects all Firefox users and can be exploited over the network to gain complete control over an affected system. No patch is currently available.

A JIT (Just-In-Time) compilation miscompilation vulnerability exists in Firefox's JavaScript Engine that can lead to information disclosure. This affects Firefox versions below 149 and Firefox ESR versions below 140.9. An attacker can exploit this vulnerability through malicious JavaScript code to potentially disclose sensitive information from the browser's memory or process space.

Firefox versions prior to 149 contain a privilege escalation vulnerability in the IPC component that allows remote attackers to escalate privileges through user interaction on affected systems. An attacker can exploit this flaw to gain elevated system access and potentially execute arbitrary code with higher privileges. No patch is currently available for this high-severity vulnerability affecting Mozilla and Debian users.

Mozilla Firefox versions below 149 (and ESR versions below 140.9) contain a use-after-free vulnerability in the JavaScript Engine that enables unauthenticated remote attackers to achieve arbitrary code execution without user interaction. The memory corruption flaw allows complete compromise of affected systems through network-based attacks. No patch is currently available for this critical vulnerability.

Apache Artemis before version 2.52.0 contains an authentication bypass vulnerability (CVE-2026-27446) that allows attackers to read all messages exchanged via the broker and inject new messages. KNIME Business Hub, which embeds Apache Artemis, is affected across all versions, though exploitation requires an authenticated user with workflow execution privileges who can register a federated mirror without authenticating to the underlying Artemis instance. While no public exploit code has been disclosed and CVSS scoring is unavailable, the vulnerability represents a significant insider threat with direct impact on message confidentiality and integrity.

A resource exhaustion vulnerability exists in Undertow where remote attackers can send HTTP GET requests with multipart/form-data content to trigger premature parsing and disk storage of request data, leading to Denial of Service when applications use parameter retrieval methods like getParameterMap(). The vulnerability affects multiple Red Hat products including Enterprise Linux 8, 9, and 10, JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 7 and 8, Red Hat Fuse 7, and several Apache Camel variants. An attacker with network access and no authentication can exhaust server disk resources with moderate attack complexity, causing service unavailability.

Remote code execution in Google Chrome's Federated Credential Management (FedCM) prior to version 146.0.7680.165 enables unauthenticated attackers to execute arbitrary code within the browser sandbox through a malicious HTML page. This use-after-free vulnerability in memory management affects Chrome on all supported platforms and requires only user interaction to trigger. A patch is available in Chrome 146.0.7680.165 and later.

Out-of-bounds memory write in Google Chrome's font handling prior to version 146.0.7680.165 enables remote code execution when users visit malicious HTML pages. An unauthenticated attacker can exploit an integer overflow vulnerability to achieve complete system compromise with high integrity and confidentiality impact. Patches are available for Chrome and affected Debian systems.

Sandboxed code execution in Google Chrome's WebGPU implementation (prior to 146.0.7680.165) stems from a use-after-free memory vulnerability that can be triggered via malicious HTML pages. An unauthenticated remote attacker can exploit this to execute arbitrary code within the Chrome sandbox without user interaction beyond viewing a crafted webpage. A patch is available for affected users.

This vulnerability is an out-of-bounds memory read flaw in the WebAudio API implementation within Google Chrome prior to version 146.0.7680.165. A remote attacker can craft a malicious HTML page to trigger the vulnerability and read sensitive memory contents, leading to information disclosure. Although no CVSS score or EPSS data is provided, the Chromium security severity is rated as High, and the vulnerability affects all users of vulnerable Chrome versions until patching.

Sandbox escape in Google Chrome prior to version 146.0.7680.165 via a use-after-free vulnerability in the Dawn graphics component enables remote attackers to execute arbitrary code when users visit malicious HTML pages. The vulnerability affects multiple platforms including Debian systems and requires only user interaction to trigger, bypassing Chrome's sandbox isolation. A patch is available to remediate this high-severity memory corruption flaw.

Google Chrome's WebGL implementation contains a heap buffer overflow that enables remote attackers to read arbitrary memory by serving a specially crafted HTML page to users prior to version 146.0.7680.165. This network-based vulnerability requires only user interaction and affects Chrome on all platforms, granting attackers access to sensitive data in the browser's memory. A patch is available and should be applied immediately given the high severity and potential for exploitation.

Out of bounds memory read in Google Chrome's CSS parser prior to version 146.0.7680.165 allows remote attackers to access sensitive memory contents through a malicious HTML page. The vulnerability requires user interaction and affects Chrome on multiple platforms including Debian systems, enabling attackers to potentially leak confidential data with high impact on confidentiality and integrity.

Unauthenticated remote attackers can exploit a heap buffer overflow in Google Chrome's WebAudio component (versions prior to 146.0.7680.165) by hosting malicious HTML pages that trigger out-of-bounds memory writes. This vulnerability enables arbitrary code execution with full system compromise potential. A patch is available from Google and Debian.

Rails Active Storage's DiskService#delete_prefixed method fails to escape glob metacharacters when passing blob keys to Dir.glob, allowing attackers to delete unintended files from the storage directory if blob keys contain attacker-controlled input or custom-generated keys with glob metacharacters. This affects Ruby on Rails versions prior to 7.2.3.1, 8.0.4.1, and 8.1.2.1, and while no CVSS score or EPSS data is currently available, the vulnerability represents a significant integrity and availability risk as it enables arbitrary file deletion on the server filesystem.

Rails ActiveSupport number helpers contain a denial of service vulnerability where strings with scientific notation (e.g., '1e10000') are improperly converted and expanded into extremely large decimal representations, causing excessive memory allocation and CPU consumption during string formatting. The vulnerability affects ActiveSupport across multiple Rails versions prior to 7.2.3.1, 8.0.4.1, and 8.1.2.1. An attacker can exploit this by providing maliciously crafted scientific notation strings to trigger resource exhaustion and deny service to legitimate users.

Rails Active Storage's Blobs::ProxyController loads entire requested byte ranges into memory before transmission, allowing remote unauthenticated attackers to exhaust server memory and cause denial of service by sending requests with large or unbounded Range headers. This vulnerability affects systems using Active Storage for file serving and requires no user interaction or authentication to exploit. A patch is available.

systemd (PID 1) contains a denial-of-service vulnerability triggered by malformed IPC API calls from unprivileged users that causes the service manager to assert and freeze. On versions v249 and earlier, the same vulnerability manifests as stack buffer overwriting with attacker-controlled data, potentially enabling code execution; versions v250 and newer include a safety check that converts this to a non-exploitable assertion failure. The vulnerability affects systemd versions v239 through v259 (with patched versions 260-rc1, 259.2, 258.5, and 257.11 available), impacting all Linux distributions using affected systemd builds including multiple Ubuntu releases tracked at medium priority.

Rails Active Storage's DirectUploadsController accepts and persists arbitrary client-supplied metadata on blob objects, allowing attackers to manipulate internal flags like 'identified' and 'analyzed' that should only be set by the server. This affects Ruby on Rails versions across multiple release branches (7.2.x, 8.0.x, and 8.1.x prior to the patched versions 7.2.3.1, 8.0.4.1, and 8.1.2.1), and while not currently listed in the KEV catalog, patches are available from the vendor indicating acknowledgment of the issue's validity.

SafeBuffer's string formatting operator (%) in Ruby fails to preserve HTML safety flags when processing untrusted input, allowing attackers to inject malicious scripts that bypass ERB auto-escaping protections. An attacker can exploit this by providing crafted arguments to the % operator on a mutated SafeBuffer, causing the resulting string to be incorrectly marked as safe and potentially leading to cross-site scripting (XSS) attacks. A patch is available for affected applications.

A regular expression denial of service (ReDoS) vulnerability exists in Rails ActiveSupport's NumberToDelimitedConverter, which uses gsub! with an inefficient regex pattern to insert thousands delimiters into numeric strings. An attacker can craft excessively long digit strings that cause quadratic time complexity, leading to CPU exhaustion and denial of service. Patches are available from the Rails project for versions 7.2.3.1, 8.0.4.1, and 8.1.2.1, and the vulnerability is tagged as a denial of service issue affecting the activesupport gem.

The cbor2 Python library, which implements CBOR serialization, suffers from uncontrolled recursion when decoding deeply nested CBOR structures, allowing remote attackers to trigger Denial of Service by sending crafted payloads containing approximately 100,000 nested arrays. All versions prior to 5.9.0 are affected, including both the pure Python implementation and the C extension. Attackers can crash worker processes in web servers (Gunicorn, Uvicorn) and task queues (Celery) with small malicious packets under 100KB, causing complete service outages through repeated worker crashes.

Fastify versions 5.8.2 and earlier contain a header spoofing vulnerability in the trustProxy implementation where the request.protocol and request.host getters incorrectly trust X-Forwarded-Proto and X-Forwarded-Host headers even from untrusted connections when a restrictive trust function is configured. An attacker who can connect directly to a Fastify instance (bypassing the intended proxy) can spoof protocol and host values, potentially bypassing HTTPS enforcement, manipulating secure cookie behavior, and defeating CSRF origin checks. This vulnerability affects applications relying on these headers for security decisions and has a CVSS score of 6.1 with adjacent attack vector and high complexity, indicating moderate real-world exploitability.

Keycloak's User-Managed Access endpoint fails to properly enforce access control on PUT operations, permitting authenticated attackers to modify protected resources despite the allowRemoteResourceManagement restriction being disabled. This access control bypass affects data integrity and impacts any organization using Keycloak for identity and access management. The vulnerability requires valid credentials to exploit and currently has no available patch.