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Business Central EUVDEUVD-2026-99029

| CVE-2026-105727 HIGH
Path Traversal (CWE-22)
2026-10-13 secure@microsoft.com GHSA-9cfg-cm5f-fjpx
8.8
CVSS 3.1 · Vendor: microsoft
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Attack ChainAIDerived

Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain

  1. Access
    Authenticate as low-privileged user
  2. Delivery
    Send request with path-traversal sequences
  3. Exploit
    Escape restricted directory via CWE-22 flaw
  4. Execution
    Access or overwrite privileged resources
  5. Impact
    Elevate privileges over network

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A01:2025 - Broken Access Control
ASVS 5.0
V5 - File Handling Path canonicalization, traversal prevention
MITRE ATT&CK

2 techniques across 2 tactics: Discovery, Collection

The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up.

Exploitation Conditions

Exploitation requires an authenticated session with at least low-level privileges on Microsoft Dynamics Business Central (CVSS PR:L), reachable over the network (AV:N); no user interaction is needed (UI:N) and attack complexity is low (AC:L). The specific limiting factor is the authentication requirement - the attacker must already hold a valid, low-privileged account, so purely anonymous/remote exploitation is not indicated. The exact vulnerable feature or endpoint performing unsafe pathname handling is not named in the description beyond the CWE-22 path-traversal behavior; defenders should restrict and monitor low-privilege account access and apply the MSRC-listed update. No special non-default configuration is stated as required.

Impact

This is a credible operational priority rather than a paper-high CVSS. The provided CVSS 3.1 vector (AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H, base 8.8) describes a network-reachable, low-complexity path traversal (CWE-22) that requires only low privileges and no user interaction, yielding full confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact on the component. The net effect per the description is privilege elevation, meaning an already-authenticated low-privileged user can escalate - a dangerous combination in a multi-tenant/shared ERP context where many users hold low-level accounts. That said, several escalation signals are MISSING from the input: there is no EPSS score, no KEV listing, and no POC indicator provided, so active exploitation and real-world exploit probability cannot be confirmed from this data. The only reference is the vendor MSRC advisory (NVD content is 'None'), so there is no third-party corroboration of exploitation. Conclusion: treat as high-priority patching for exposed/multi-user Business Central deployments because of the low attack complexity and authenticated-but-low bar, while recognizing that exploitation likelihood (EPSS/KEV/POC) is unverified from the available sources.

Exploit ScenarioDerived

A low-privileged but authenticated Business Central user sends crafted input containing directory-traversal sequences to a file- or path-handling function reachable over the network, causing the application to read or write resources outside the intended restricted directory. By reaching privileged files or code paths, the attacker elevates their privileges within the application. No public proof-of-concept is identified in the provided data, and the low attack complexity (AC:L) means no special timing or conditions are needed once authenticated.

This Week Schedule remediation this week. Why: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9).
Patch available 0.9% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Oct 13, 2026

Path traversal (CWE-22) in Microsoft Dynamics 365 Business Central lets an authenticated, low-privileged user escape an intended restricted directory through network-reachable functionality, with high confidentiality and integrity impact and a CVSS 3.1 base score of 8.8 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H). The required precondition is a valid low-privilege account, so anonymous exploitation is not indicated, and no user interaction or special configuration is needed once that access exists; the exact vulnerable feature or endpoint is not identified in the available description. At time of analysis there is no CISA KEV entry and no public exploit code identified, and no EPSS score was supplied, so this should be treated as a high-severity, patch-now issue driven by its privilege-escalation potential rather than by observed exploitation.

RemediationAI

Primary action: apply the Microsoft-provided update referenced in the MSRC advisory for CVE-2026-105727 (https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2026-105727) - patch status is 'Patch available per vendor advisory,' with the specific fixed build to be taken from that page since no exact version number is present in the supplied data; cloud-service tenants should be validated against the advisory's service-update guidance. Compensating controls where immediate patching is not possible: review and minimise the population of low-privileged accounts that can reach Business Central web-service and file-handling endpoints, since the assessed vector requires only PR:L (trade-off: restricts legitimate delegated workflows); enforce least privilege and separate duties so that routine users cannot chain the traversal into privilege escalation; and place the Business Central service behind authenticated reverse proxies or network ACLs that restrict it to trusted source ranges and block direct exposure of file/OData endpoints to untrusted networks (trade-off: breaks external partner and mobile integrations that rely on those routes). Detection and monitoring: enable verbose file-access and web-request logging, alert on traversal patterns ('../', '%2e%2e', encoded or double-encoded separators, absolute paths) in requests and on file reads/writes outside expected application directories, and alert on post-access privilege or role changes by low-privileged accounts, since elevation of privileges is the assessed impact. Note there is no vendor-released workaround documented in the supplied references, and no public exploit code or KEV confirmation at time of analysis, so prioritisation rests on the 8.8 severity and the privilege-escalation outcome rather than on observed attacks.

Affected VersionsENISA

Microsoft Dynamics NAV 2018 1.0 <11.0.50736.0

Affected Packages

euvd microsoft_dynamics_nav_2018 fix: 11.0.50736.0

Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)

Affects your stack

Affects 1 package in euvd

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

The root cause is CWE-22, improper limitation of a pathname to a restricted directory, in Microsoft Dynamics 365 Business Central - a business-management/ERP platform whose web client, OData/REST and SOAP web-service endpoints, and AL/extension file-handling routines frequently accept user-influenced path or file identifiers and resolve them against server-side directories. When canonicalization and containment checks are missing or insufficient (for example failing to account for '../' sequences, absolute paths, alternate separators, or encoded traversal forms), attacker-supplied input can resolve outside the intended folder, allowing reads or writes of files the authenticated user should never reach. Because the CVSS vector is Scope:Unchanged with High confidentiality and integrity impact, the traversal is assessed as staying within the Business Central application's security authority while still enabling meaningful data disclosure or modification; availability impact is not credited. No CPE data was provided, so the precise build, module, or on-premises versus cloud service surface cannot be pinned down beyond the MSRC advisory, and no CWE-adjacent detail (such as a specific vulnerable API) is available in the supplied intelligence.

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  • Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources

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Severity by source

Vendor (microsoft) PRIMARY 8.8 HIGH
AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
ENISA EUVD HIGH
vuln.today AI 8.8 HIGH

Network-reachable (AV:N), low-complexity path traversal needing an authenticated low-privileged account (PR:L) and no interaction (UI:N), yielding full privilege elevation with high C/I/A on the same component (S:U).

3.1 AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
4.0 AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Primary rating from Vendor (microsoft).

CVSS VectorVendor: microsoft

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
Low
Privileges Required
Low
User Interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
High
Integrity
High
Availability
High

Lifecycle Timeline

2
Patch available
Oct 13, 2026 - 20:20 EUVD
CVE Published
Oct 13, 2026 - 19:18 nvd
HIGH 8.8

DescriptionCVE.org

Improper limitation of a pathname to a restricted directory ('path traversal') in Dynamics Business Central allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges over a network.

Executive ViewAI

Why It Matters

Microsoft Dynamics 365 Business Central is affected by a path-traversal flaw that allows an authenticated user with only low-level privileges to reach files and directories outside their intended scope, compromising both data confidentiality and integrity. Because any valid low-privilege account is sufficient and no user interaction or special configuration is required, the exposure is broad across the ERP user base and could let an ordinary employee or a compromised contractor account access or alter financial and operational records that should be off-limits. Leadership should treat this as a priority remediation item: the vendor has not yet released a fix, and the risk is driven by insider or credential-abuse escalation rather than by observed external attacks.

Business Impact: High
Compensating Controls

No vendor-released patch identified at time of analysis. Interim mitigations: restrict network reachability of Business Central (VPN/Zero Trust/allow-listing), aggressively minimize and review low-privilege accounts and role assignments, enforce least privilege and segregation of duties, enable enhanced auditing and alerting on file/document access and path-traversal patterns, rotate credentials for over-privileged or dormant accounts, and engage Microsoft support for a private fix or remediation timeline.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.9%
Top 41% exploitable
Prevalence
Medium
widely-used Microsoft ERP, but narrower footprint than mainstream Office/Windows software
Threat Intel
1
1 sources
Vendor Status
Publicly Disclosed:No
Exploited:No
Latest Software Release:Exploitation Unlikely
Data Quality
6 sources
Confidence: High

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity HIGH
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS 0.9%
Patch available Yes
Active threat No
Deciding rule
HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision
Scheduled
Exploitation
None
System Exposure· derived
Open
Automatable
No
Human Impact
High
Technical Impact
Total

Priority Score

50
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: +1
CVSS: +44
PoC: 0
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: +5

Attack Technique

Path traversal exploits occur when applications use user-controlled input to construct file system paths without proper validation.

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