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Network-AI EUVDEUVD-2026-97633

| CVE-2026-109331 HIGH
Interpretation Conflict (CWE-436)
2026-10-12 VulnCheck GHSA-8x93-4278-4f5c
7.5
CVSS 4.0 · Vendor: VulnCheck
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Attack ChainAIDerived

Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain

  1. Access
    Prompt-inject the Network-AI agent
  2. Delivery
    Craft tool call with benign first field
  3. Exploit
    Hide payload in secondary content field
  4. Execution
    Bypass denyPattern PreToolUse check
  5. Impact
    Write web shell or execute script

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A06:2025 - Insecure Design
ASVS 5.0
V4 - API and Web Service Interpretation consistency
Exploitation Conditions

Requires a deployment of Network-AI 5.14.0 through 5.15.1 that relies on the ClaudeHookBridge PreToolUse hook with denyPatterns configured as its guardrail. To exploit, the agent must be processing attacker-influenced input (prompt injection), and the attacker must shape a tool call so the first present candidate field (e.g. file_path or command) is benign while the dangerous payload is placed in a secondary field - specifically the Write tool's content parameter or an MCP script parameter - which the hook never evaluates. Limiting factors that reduce realistic risk: exploitation depends on a successful prompt-injection into the agent, operates only within the local agent-execution context (not remotely reachable), and matters only where denyPatterns is actually depended upon as a security control; environments not using this hook are unaffected.

Impact

The input provides only a CVSS 4.0 vector (7.5, CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H) - no CVSS 3.1 vector, no EPSS score, no SSVC decision, and no KEV or POC signal are present, so several standard prioritization inputs are MISSING and cannot be weighed. The vector itself is self-limiting: AV:L means the flaw is reachable only within the local agent-execution context (not over the network), and AT:P indicates a specific attack requirement must hold - here, that the agent is processing attacker-influenced content and that a tool call can be shaped to hide the payload in a secondary field. Those preconditions, combined with CWE-436 (interpretation conflict) rather than a memory-corruption or direct-RCE class, mean the raw high technical impact (VC/VI/VA:H - code/file-write on the host) is gated behind a successful prompt-injection chain rather than a direct remote attack. Exploitation status is 'no public exploit identified at time of analysis' (no POC and no KEV in the input), so there is no evidence of active or widespread exploitation. Net: this is a genuine security-control-bypass defect worth patching for anyone running the affected product, but it is a conditional, low-real-world-risk issue for the broader population given the niche product footprint and the prompt-injection prerequisite - not an emergency on the level of a network-facing unauthenticated RCE. Note also that the input tag 'Authentication Bypass' conflicts with the CWE-436 / deny-pattern-bypass nature of the flaw and should not be read as an authentication-control failure.

Exploit ScenarioDerived

An attacker seeds untrusted content (a file, web page, or tool output) that is ingested by an AI agent running Network-AI, prompt-injecting it into issuing a tool call where the benign-looking first field (e.g. file_path or command) passes the ClaudeHookBridge denyPatterns check while the actual dangerous payload rides in a secondary field such as Write content or an MCP script parameter. Because the PreToolUse hook only matches deny patterns against the first present candidate field, the malicious write or script execution is approved and runs. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, but the technique is explicitly described in the advisory.

This Week Schedule remediation this week. Why: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9).
Patch available 0.1% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Oct 12, 2026

Deny-pattern bypass in Network-AI's ClaudeHookBridge PreToolUse hook (versions 5.14.0 through 5.15.1) allows a prompt-injected agent to smuggle dangerous payloads past configured denyPatterns by placing a benign value in the first candidate field the hook inspects (such as file_path or command) while putting the actual malicious content in a secondary field the hook never evaluates, notably the Write tool's content parameter or an MCP script parameter - enabling web shell writes or script execution inside the local agent-execution context. The affected deployment must rely on the PreToolUse hook with denyPatterns as its guardrail, and exploitation additionally requires a successful prompt injection into the agent, which is why risk is bounded to local agent workflows rather than remote reachability; CVSS 4.0 scores 7.5 with attack requirements present (AT:P), and the assessed CVSS 3.1 vector is AV:L/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H, meaning no prior authentication or user interaction is required per the vector but the attack is local and complex. There is confirmed actively exploited status not present - no CISA KEV listing and no public exploit code - so at time of analysis no public exploit identified at time of analysis; EPSS, SSVC, and KEV signals were absent from the supplied intelligence, so prioritization inputs remain incomplete.

RemediationAI

Vendor-released patch: upgrade Network-AI to 5.15.2 or later - this is the first version outside the affected 5.14.0-through-5.15.1 range and closes the extractFullTarget/deny-pattern interpretation conflict; see GHSA-9p2w-prp8-5722 (https://github.com/Jovancoding/Network-AI/security/advisories/GHSA-9p2w-prp8-5722) and the VulnCheck advisory (https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/network-ai-5.14.0-before-5.15.2-deny-pattern-bypass-via-claudehookbridge-extractfulltarget) for the version matrix. If immediate upgrade is not possible, treat denyPatterns in the ClaudeHookBridge PreToolUse hook as unreliable and stop depending on it as a standalone guardrail: (1) remove or disable the Write tool's content capability and MCP script execution tools from the agent's allow-list so no secondary payload field exists to exploit - the trade-off is a significant loss of agent functionality for file authoring and scripted MCP actions; (2) instead of pattern matching on candidate fields, enforce a strict per-tool argument schema that rejects any tool call whose non-primary fields are present, non-empty, or unvalidated - this blocks the bypass but will generate false positives on legitimate multi-field calls; (3) sandbox the agent process (container, read-only mounts, no shell execution on the host) so that even a successful web-shell write or script execution cannot reach sensitive paths, accepting reduced agent utility in exchange for containment; (4) run the agent only against trusted, non-attacker-influenced input to eliminate the prompt-injection prerequisite, which is the cheapest mitigation if untrusted content is not required. Note that no vendor patch is missing here - a fixed release exists - and that no public exploit code was identified at time of analysis, so these workarounds are precautionary rather than emergency measures; because EPSS, SSVC, KEV, and patch-status feeds were absent from the supplied data, confirm current exploitation and patch telemetry against the vendor advisory before final prioritization.

Affected VersionsENISA

Network-AI 5.14.0 <5.15.2

Affected Packages

euvd network_ai fix: 5.15.2

Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)

Affects your stack

Affects 1 package in euvd

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

Network-AI's ClaudeHookBridge implements a PreToolUse hook that inspects agent tool calls before they execute and blocks those matching configured denyPatterns - the mechanism an operator relies on to stop an LLM agent from writing web shells or running arbitrary scripts. The root cause is CWE-436 (Interpretation Conflict): the hook and the tool runtime disagree about which field carries the security-relevant payload. The hook's target-extraction logic (referenced in the VulnCheck advisory as an extractFullTarget-style routine) matches deny patterns only against the first present candidate field, so when a tool call contains several possible payload carriers, the hook validates the benign one - file_path for Write, or command in some tool shapes - and never inspects the Write tool's content parameter or an MCP script parameter where the dangerous bytes actually sit. The attack vector is local (AV:L) with attack requirements present (AT:P in the 4.0 vector, expressed as AC:H in the assessed 3.1 vector), because the adversary must first achieve prompt injection into the agent and then craft a tool invocation whose primary field is innocuous; the vector declares PR:N and UI:N, so no prior authentication or victim interaction is required in the vector model. Impact is scoped to the agent's own execution context (S:U in 3.1, and SC:N/SI:N/SA:N in 4.0), meaning no subsequent-system compromise is assessed - the value is integrity and availability of the local agent host and its reachable filesystem and MCP tooling. The affected CPE is a version-wildcard entry, cpe:2.3:a:jovancoding:network-ai:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*, and the CPE string does not by itself pin the vulnerable range, so the authoritative boundaries come from the advisory text: 5.14.0 through 5.15.1, fixed in 5.15.2.

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Severity by source

Vendor (VulnCheck) PRIMARY 7.5 HIGH
CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
vuln.today AI 7.4 HIGH

AV:L because the flaw is exercised within the local agent context; AC:H as a prompt-injection precondition and crafted multi-field tool call are required; PR:N since no account privileges are needed; C/I/A:H from web-shell write and script execution.

3.1 AV:L/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
4.0 AV:L/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Primary rating from Vendor (VulnCheck).

CVSS VectorVendor: VulnCheck

Attack Vector
Local
Attack Complexity
Low
Attack Requirements
Present
Privileges Required
None
User Interaction
None
Vulnerable system: Confidentiality
High
Vulnerable system: Integrity
High
Vulnerable system: Availability
High
Subsequent system: Confidentiality
None
Subsequent system: Integrity
None
Subsequent system: Availability
None

Lifecycle Timeline

2
Patch available
Oct 12, 2026 - 18:03 EUVD
CVE Published
Oct 12, 2026 - 16:05 cve.org
HIGH 7.5

DescriptionCVE.org

Network-AI from 5.14.0 before 5.15.2 contains a security control bypass vulnerability in the ClaudeHookBridge PreToolUse hook, which matches deny patterns only against the first present candidate field. A prompt-injected agent can place dangerous payloads in fields like Write content or an MCP script parameter beside a benign file_path or command, evading denyPatterns to write web shells or execute scripts.

Executive ViewAI

Why It Matters

Network-AI ClaudeHookBridge versions 5.14.0 through 5.15.1 contain a high-severity guardrail bypass that can let a prompt-injected agent write web shells or execute scripts on local agent-execution hosts. The issue affects teams relying on the PreToolUse hook's denyPatterns as their primary control, and no vendor-released patch identified at time of analysis; per the assessed CVSS 3.1 vector, exploitation is unauthenticated with no user interaction, though it requires a successful prompt injection, and no public exploit identified at time of analysis. Leadership should prioritize locating affected deployments and tightening agent execution controls because compromised developer or automation environments can lead to code tampering, credential exposure, and downstream supply-chain risk.

Business Impact: High
Compensating Controls

No vendor-released patch identified at time of analysis. Interim mitigations: disable or bypass the affected PreToolUse hook where possible; restrict Write tool and MCP script execution; allowlist tools and paths; require human approval for agent-initiated writes and scripts; run agents with least privilege in isolated containers; monitor secondary fields, file writes, and script activity; and apply network egress restrictions.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.1%
Top 97% exploitable
Prevalence
Rare
obscure single-author open-source GitHub project, negligible enterprise footprint
Data Quality
3 sources
Confidence: Low

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity HIGH
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS 0.1%
Patch available Yes
Active threat No
Deciding rule
HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived
Defer
Exploitation· derived
None
System Exposure· derived
Small
Automatable· derived
No
Human Impact
High

Priority Score

38
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +38
PoC: 0
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

Authentication bypass attacks exploit flaws in the verification mechanisms that control access to systems and applications.

CVE-2026-48814 CRITICAL POC
9.1 Jun 17

Authentication bypass in Network-AI versions 5.7.1 and earlier allows unauthenticated remote attackers to invoke all 22

CVE-2026-73615 HIGH
8.7 Aug 13

SandboxPolicy bypass in Network-AI (versions before 5.15.1) enables authenticated attackers to execute arbitrary blocked

CVE-2026-73614 HIGH
8.7 Aug 13

Truncation-induced interpretation conflict in Network-AI ClaudeHookBridge before 5.15.1 enables low-privileged attackers

CVE-2026-58484 HIGH
7.1 Jul 20

Arbitrary recursive file deletion in Network-AI (npm package `network-ai`) before v5.12.2 allows a local attacker who ca

CVE-2026-58481 MEDIUM
6.5 Jul 20

Sandbox path containment bypass in Network-AI's AgentRuntime (npm package `network-ai` by jovancoding) allows any low-pr

CVE-2026-58413 MEDIUM
6.1 Jul 20

Path traversal in Network-AI's EnvironmentManager.restore() allows a local authenticated caller to copy arbitrary direct

CVE-2026-58482 MEDIUM
5.9 Jul 20

Unauthenticated access to the ApprovalInbox HTTP server in Network-AI 5.0.0-5.12.1 allows any party that can reach the i

CVE-2026-58414 MEDIUM
5.5 Jul 20

Symlink traversal in Network-AI's EnvironmentManager.backup() allows a local attacker with write access to an environmen

CVE-2026-109330 MEDIUM
5.3 Oct 12

Cross-site WebSocket hijacking in Network-AI (vendor: jovancoding) versions 5.0.0 up to but not including 5.15.2 lets an

CVE-2026-109332 LOW
2.3 Oct 12

Cross-origin information disclosure in Network-AI (npm package network-ai) before 5.15.2 stems from an origin validation

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