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Zabbix EUVDEUVD-2026-92400

| CVE-2026-59788 MEDIUM
Cross-site Scripting (XSS) (CWE-79)
2026-10-05 Zabbix GHSA-q964-q8gh-7pcw
5.7
CVSS 4.0 · Vendor: Zabbix
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Attack ChainAIDerived

Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain

  1. Access
    Craft media type config with javascript: OAuth URL
  2. Delivery
    Deliver as import file to Zabbix admin
  3. Exploit
    Super Admin imports configuration
  4. Execution
    Super Admin opens OAuth form and grants consent
  5. Persist
    window.open() executes javascript: payload
  6. Impact
    Arbitrary JS runs in Super Admin session

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A05:2025 - Injection
ASVS 5.0
V1 - Encoding and Sanitization Output encoding, context-aware escaping
MITRE ATT&CK

2 techniques across 2 tactics: Initial Access, Execution

The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up.

Exploitation Conditions

Exploitation requires that an attacker-crafted Zabbix media type configuration - specifically one using the email media type's OAuth flow with the 'Authorization endpoint' set to a javascript: scheme URL - be imported into the target Zabbix frontend, and then that a Super Admin opens that media type's OAuth form and actively clicks to grant consent, triggering the unvalidated window.open() call. Limiting factors that reduce real-world risk: the attacker cannot self-trigger the payload (requires a Super Admin's deliberate consent click, UI:A), importing a media type configuration itself requires high frontend privileges (PR:H), and the flaw is confined to the email media type's OAuth authorization form rather than any default, unauthenticated request path.

Impact

This is a genuine-but-constrained medium-severity issue (CVSS 4.0 base 5.6), not a mass-exploitation priority. The vendor-supplied CVSS 4.0 vector (AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:H/UI:A) tells a consistent story with the description: although the attack vector is 'Network', real exploitation is gated behind high privileges (PR:H - a Super Admin or equivalent must import the crafted media type configuration) AND active, deliberate user interaction (UI:A - a Super Admin must open the OAuth form and click to grant consent), plus a situational Attack Requirement (AT:P). These stacked prerequisites sharply reduce real-world risk despite CWE-79 (stored/DOM XSS) allowing arbitrary JavaScript to run in the Super Admin's authenticated session. No EPSS score, no SSVC decision, no POC, and no CISA KEV listing were provided in the input; absence of these is not itself evidence of safety but means there is no signal of active or probable near-term exploitation. The one signal that could appear contradictory - AV:N combined with PR:H and UI:A - is not actually conflicting: the payload is network-deliverable as an import file, but detonation still depends on a privileged human action, so this behaves far more like a targeted social-engineering / insider-leaning vector than an internet-wide drive-by.

Exploit ScenarioDerived

An attacker crafts a malicious Zabbix media type export/import file whose email OAuth 'Authorization endpoint' is set to a javascript: URL. The file is delivered to and imported by a privileged Zabbix user (e.g., via a shared 'community' template or social engineering); when a Super Admin later opens the OAuth form and clicks to grant consent, window.open() executes the attacker's JavaScript in the Super Admin's authenticated frontend session. No public exploit code was identified in the provided data, but the technique is straightforward to reproduce.

This Month Plan within 30 days. Why: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9).
No patch listed yet 0.3% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Oct 05, 2026

Stored cross-site scripting in Zabbix lets a crafted email media type configuration run arbitrary JavaScript in the browser of the Super Admin who approves it: the media type's OAuth form passes the attacker-controlled 'Authorization endpoint' value directly to window.open() without validating the URL scheme, so a javascript: URL executes in the frontend's origin. Exploitation is authenticated and interaction-dependent - the payload must first be delivered as an import file by a user with high frontend privileges (PR:H), and a Super Admin must then open that media type's OAuth form and actively click to grant consent (UI:A / UI:R) - which is consistent with the published CVSS 4.0 base score of 5.6 and our assessed CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:H/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:L/A:N. No public exploit code and no confirmed active exploitation were identified at time of analysis, so although the flaw is genuine and script execution occurs in a highly privileged session, it is a constrained medium-severity issue rather than a mass-exploitation priority.

RemediationAI

No vendor-released patch is identified in the available data for this issue, so remediation should begin by tracking the Zabbix advisory at https://support.zabbix.com/browse/ZBX-28198 and applying the fixed release once the vendor publishes it, with the exact version taken from that advisory rather than assumed. In the interim, the most effective compensating control is to eliminate the delivery path: treat media type export/import files as untrusted code, avoid importing media type configurations from outside your own instance, and where import is necessary inspect the YAML/JSON for an 'authorization endpoint' (or equivalent OAuth field) containing a javascript:, data:, or other non-HTTPS scheme before importing - the trade-off is a manual review step that slows legitimate configuration migration. Access control is the second lever: because exploiting this requires high frontend privileges to import the configuration, keep media type import and administration restricted to the smallest possible set of trusted Super Admin accounts and review media type configurations periodically for unexpected authorization endpoint values, accepting that this reduces but does not remove exposure since even the importing administrator is acting with privileges the flaw assumes. If the OAuth-based email media type flow is not in use, disabling or not configuring it removes the vulnerable form entirely, at the cost of losing OAuth-authenticated email delivery; if it is in use, note that the vulnerable window.open() call is only reached during the consent step, so administrators should be warned not to click through consent prompts for media types they did not themselves configure. Finally, a Content-Security-Policy on the Zabbix frontend that omits 'unsafe-inline' from script-src will generally cause browsers to refuse execution of javascript: URLs, providing defense in depth, but such a policy must be tested against the Zabbix admin UI first because the frontend may rely on inline scripts that a strict policy would break.

Affected VersionsENISA

Zabbix 7.4.0 ≤7.4.11

Affected Packages

euvd zabbix no fix

Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)

Affects your stack

Affects 1 package in euvd

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

The issue is an instance of CWE-79 (improper neutralization of input during web page generation, i.e. cross-site scripting) arising from the OAuth authorization-code flow implemented for Zabbix's email media type. In a standards-compliant OAuth client, the authorization endpoint is a trusted HTTPS URL to which the browser is redirected to obtain consent; Zabbix's frontend instead hands whatever value is stored in that configuration field to window.open() with no allowlist or scheme check, so a value beginning with 'javascript:' is executed as script in the origin of the Zabbix frontend rather than navigated to. Because the malicious value lives in a media type configuration, the delivery vector is a configuration import file (the same mechanism administrators use to move media type definitions between Zabbix instances), meaning the payload is persisted in the target's configuration and fires only when an administrator interacts with the OAuth form. Execution in the frontend's own origin means the injected script can read the Super Admin's session context, exfiltrate configuration and credential material, and perform privileged frontend actions on their behalf - hence the high confidentiality weighting in the assessment, with integrity impact limited by the attacker's dependence on a single forced consent interaction. The CPE string cpe:2.3:a:zabbix:zabbix:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* carries a wildcard version, indicating the problem is understood to affect the Zabbix frontend generally until a fixed release is identified, and the scope is confined to the email media type's OAuth authorization form rather than any default or unauthenticated request path.

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  • Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources

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Severity by source

Vendor (Zabbix) PRIMARY 5.7 MEDIUM
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:H/UI:A/VC:H/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
vuln.today AI 4.8 MEDIUM

Payload is network-deliverable but detonation needs a privileged Super Admin to import config (PR:H) and actively grant consent (UI:R), and the social-engineering/import precondition raises AC:H; JS runs in the admin session giving high confidentiality but limited integrity, no availability impact.

3.1 AV:N/AC:H/PR:H/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:L/A:N
4.0 AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:H/UI:A/VC:H/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Primary rating from Vendor (Zabbix).

CVSS VectorVendor: Zabbix

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
Low
Attack Requirements
Present
Privileges Required
High
User Interaction
Active
Vulnerable system: Confidentiality
High
Vulnerable system: Integrity
Low
Vulnerable system: Availability
None
Subsequent system: Confidentiality
None
Subsequent system: Integrity
None
Subsequent system: Availability
None

Lifecycle Timeline

2
CVSS changed
Oct 05, 2026 - 11:22 NVD
5.6 (MEDIUM) 5.7 (MEDIUM)
CVE Published
Oct 05, 2026 - 10:29 cve.org
MEDIUM 5.6

DescriptionCVE.org

The email media type OAuth form passes the Authorization endpoint value to window.open() without validating the URL scheme, so a javascript: URL is executed in the browser. This means a crafted media type configuration, deliverable as an import file, runs arbitrary JavaScript as the Super Admin who grants consent.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.3%
Top 85% exploitable
Prevalence
High
Zabbix is widely deployed enterprise/open-source infrastructure monitoring software
Social Media
2
Sightings
Data Quality
5 sources
Confidence: Medium

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity MEDIUM
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS 0.3%
Patch available No
Active threat No
Deciding rule
MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived
Scheduled
Exploitation
None
System Exposure· derived
Open
Automatable
No
Human Impact· derived
High
Technical Impact
Partial

Priority Score

28
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +28
PoC: 0
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

Cross-Site Scripting occurs when an application accepts untrusted data and sends it to a web browser without proper validation or encoding.

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