Attack ChainAIDerived
Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain
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AccessObtain admin panel access
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DeliveryCraft request to admin/newsletters.php
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ExploitManipulate 'module' include argument
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ExecutionInject code via newsletter module
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ImpactExecute code in app context
Vulnerability Assessment
| Weakness |
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A05:2025 - Injection
ASVS 5.0
V1 - Encoding and Sanitization Input neutralization, injection prevention
|
| Exploitation Conditions | Exploitation requires administrator-level authenticated access to the osCommerce2 backend, specifically reachability of the Newsletter Management feature at admin/newsletters.php, where the 'module' argument is passed to include logic. The limiting factor is the PR:H requirement: the attacker must already possess valid administrator credentials or an active admin session, so this is not exploitable by anonymous or low-privileged remote users. No special non-default configuration is indicated, but the administrative panel must be network-reachable (AV:N) and the Newsletter module accessible. |
| Impact | This is a low-priority issue despite being a 'code injection' flaw. The provided CVSS 4.0 vector (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L) scores only 2.0, driven by PR:H - exploitation requires high privileges, consistent with the vulnerable code residing in admin/newsletters.php (the administrative Newsletter Management backend). An attacker must already hold administrator access, which sharply limits real-world risk: an admin can typically perform damaging actions directly, so the marginal value of this injection is modest, reflected in the uniformly Low impact metrics (VC:L/VI:L/VA:L). A public exploit exists (E:P in the vector, and the description states 'the exploit has been released to the public'), raising the practical likelihood of opportunistic use, but there is NO CISA KEV listing and NO EPSS score provided, so there is no evidence of active or widespread exploitation. The vulnerability was reported to the project via an issue report but the project has not responded, meaning no official patch is confirmed. Signals are internally consistent (network-reachable admin feature, privilege-gated, low impact); the main caveat is that 'code injection' intuitively sounds severe but the CVSS author deliberately scored impacts as Low and required high privileges - do not overweight the CWE label. |
| Exploit ScenarioDerived | An authenticated administrator (or an attacker who has already compromised admin credentials) sends a crafted request to admin/newsletters.php manipulating the 'module' argument, causing the include logic to process attacker-controlled input and inject/execute code within the application context. A public exploit has been released, lowering the skill needed to reproduce it, though the requirement for administrator-level access substantially constrains who can actually trigger it. |
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Alert meAnalysisAIv1 – Oct 05, 2026
Authenticated code injection in osCommerce 2.x through 2.3.4.1 allows an attacker who already holds administrator credentials to manipulate the 'module' argument processed by the include logic in admin/newsletters.php (Newsletter Management component), causing attacker-influenced code to be injected into the PHP execution path. Because the assessed vector is CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L, only users with valid admin-level access to the backend can reach the vulnerable code, and the realistic impact is limited to low confidentiality, integrity and availability effects rather than full server takeover. Publicly available exploit code exists per the CVSS 4.0 E:P metric and the vendor disclosure, but there is no confirmed active exploitation (no CISA KEV listing), and the project has not responded to the issue report, so no fixed release is currently published.
RemediationAI
No vendor-released patch was identified at time of analysis: the project was notified early via the public issue at https://github.com/osCommerce/oscommerce2/issues/676 (also referenced as submit 971047) and has not responded, so no fixed version number can be cited and upgrading alone is not currently an option. Because exploitation requires administrator-level access, the highest-value compensating control is to remove that prerequisite from the attack surface: restrict /admin (and specifically admin/newsletters.php) behind an IP allowlist, VPN, or an authenticating reverse proxy so the module parameter cannot be reached by unauthorized users - the trade-off is that legitimate administrators must connect through that layer and may see disrupted access from changing IPs. If the Newsletter Management feature is not in use, disable or remove admin/newsletters.php entirely (or block it at the web server/WAF with a rule rejecting requests whose module parameter contains path traversal, URL, or PHP-wrapper patterns); the side effect is loss of newsletter administration functionality. Enforce strong, unique administrator passwords and multi-factor authentication, since credential compromise is the practical entry point for PR:H flaws, and enable logging/alerting on admin/newsletters.php requests so manipulation attempts are detectable. Apply vendor and distro advisories as they emerge; monitor https://vuldb.com/vuln/413428 and the GitHub issue for a patch announcement, and note that public exploit code already exists, so unpatched admin panels should not be internet-exposed.
Affected VersionsENISA
Affected Packages
Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)
Affects your stack
Affects 1 package in euvd
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Technical ContextAI · show details
The flaw is classified as CWE-74 (Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component, i.e. injection) and is tagged PHP / Code Injection. In osCommerce 2.x the administrative Newsletter Management screen reaches admin/newsletters.php, where the 'module' request argument is fed into a PHP include construct. Because the argument is not adequately validated before being used to resolve an include target, a crafted value can steer the include toward attacker-controlled or otherwise unintended code, resulting in code injection within the context of the web server's PHP process. Exploitation is network-reachable (AV:N) with no user interaction (UI:N), but the assessed vector sets PR:H, meaning the attacker must already possess administrator-level operating privileges in the osCommerce admin panel; the vulnerability does not extend beyond the vulnerable component's security scope (S:U) and does not grant anonymous or low-privileged remote users access. The root cause class is input-handling/injection in legacy PHP code that predates modern framework-level sanitization, which is consistent with the affected 2.3.4.1-and-earlier code base.
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Severity by source
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P
Admin-only Newsletter Management feature requires administrator access, so PR:H; network-reachable backend gives AV:N/AC:L/UI:N, with Low C/I/A matching the vendor-style impact rating.
Primary rating from Vendor (vuldb).
CVSS VectorVendor: vuldb
DescriptionCVE.org
A security flaw has been discovered in osCommerce osCommerce2 up to 2.3.4.1. This vulnerability affects the function include of the file admin/newsletters.php of the component Newsletter Management. Performing a manipulation of the argument module results in code injection. The attack is possible to be carried out remotely. The exploit has been released to the public and may be used for attacks. The project was informed of the problem early through an issue report but has not responded yet.
Threat Intelligence Overview
How this decision was reached
The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.
What every action level means
SSVC AssessmentENISA
Priority Score
Attack Technique
Code injection occurs when an application accepts user input and passes it directly into a language interpreter or evaluator without proper sanitization.
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EUVD-2026-92250
GHSA-pwh4-88m7-gc6w
NVD
CVE.org
EPSS
Vulnrichment
VulDB
Exploit-DB