Attack ChainAIDerived
Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain
-
AccessObtain form-authoring credentials
-
DeliveryInject script payload into radio/toggle label
-
ExploitVictim passively loads affected form page
-
ExecutionBrowser renders unsanitised label via Twig |raw
-
PersistScript executes in victim browser context
-
ImpactExfiltrate session token or perform privileged action
Vulnerability Assessment
| Weakness |
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A05:2025 - Injection
ASVS 5.0
V1 - Encoding and Sanitization Output encoding, context-aware escaping
MITRE ATT&CK
2 techniques across 2 tactics: Initial Access, Execution The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up. |
| Exploitation Conditions | Exploitation requires the attacker to hold a Grav CMS account with form-authoring permissions - the ability to create or edit forms containing radio or toggle fields. This is the sole critical prerequisite; no special server-side configuration or feature flag is needed beyond the Form plugin being installed. The victim must load a page that renders the poisoned form in their browser (passive viewing, no deliberate user action such as a button click). Exploitation is blocked against users who lack form-authoring access and against deployments where no untrusted users have been granted that role. Authentication requirements are confirmed by the CVSS 4.0 vector's PR:L metric. |
| Impact | The CVSS 4.0 score of 5.1 (Medium) is well-calibrated for this vulnerability class. Exploitation is gated behind a form-authoring account (PR:L in the 4.0 vector), which meaningfully constrains the attacker pool to trusted-but-not-fully-trusted internal users in multi-author Grav deployments. The UI:P metric reflects that victims must passively load the form page - no deliberate click is required - which is a realistic condition given forms are often embedded in public-facing pages. Despite the moderate score, the scope change (SC/SI both Low, mapping to S:C in CVSS 3.1) is significant: injected scripts execute in other users' browsers, including administrators, enabling session cookie theft or CSRF-chained privilege escalation. No EPSS score was supplied, so exploitation probability cannot be quantified statistically. No CISA KEV listing exists, and no POC code was identified in the provided intelligence. Real-world risk is elevated in shared-access Grav instances but negligible in single-author or tightly permissioned environments. |
| Exploit ScenarioDerived | An attacker holding a form-author account within a shared Grav instance edits a public-facing form and sets a radio button option label to a payload such as |
Get an e-mail when this CVE is exploited, patched or re-scored. Free account.
Alert meAnalysisAIv1 – Aug 14, 2026
Stored cross-site scripting in the Grav Form Plugin before version 9.1.15 allows authenticated form authors to inject arbitrary HTML and JavaScript into radio and toggle field option labels, which then execute in the browsers of any visitor or administrator rendering that form. The root cause is Twig's |raw filter being applied to user-controlled label content, bypassing the template engine's automatic output encoding. No public exploit code or active exploitation has been identified at time of analysis; the CVSS 4.0 score of 5.1 accurately reflects the requirement for prior authentication with form-authoring privileges.
RemediationAI
Upgrade the Grav Form plugin to version 9.1.15 or later, which removes or sanitizes the unsafe |raw filter application on radio and toggle field option label output. The vendor advisory at https://github.com/getgrav/grav/security/advisories/GHSA-5xv4-g337-2pg7 should be consulted for upgrade instructions and changelog details. If immediate upgrade is not feasible, restrict form-authoring permissions exclusively to fully trusted administrators - this eliminates the attack surface entirely at the cost of reduced collaborative workflow. As a defence-in-depth measure, deploying a strict Content-Security-Policy header (e.g., script-src 'self') will block inline script execution in victim browsers, neutralising most XSS payloads, though this may require auditing and updating other inline scripts in the application. Before patching, administrators should audit existing form definitions for unexpected HTML content in radio or toggle labels.
Affected VersionsENISA
Affected Packages
Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)
Affects your stack
Affects 1 package in euvd
Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.
Technical ContextAI · show details
Grav is a flat-file CMS that uses the Twig templating engine for rendering. Twig's |raw filter explicitly marks a variable's output as HTML-safe, disabling its default auto-escaping. When this filter is applied to the label text of radio button or toggle form fields - which are user-authored strings - any embedded HTML tags or script blocks pass through to the rendered page verbatim. This is a textbook CWE-79 (Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation) stored XSS pattern: the payload is persisted in the form configuration and fires on every page load for every user who views the form. The CPE cpe:2.3:a:getgrav:grav:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* covers the Grav product broadly; the vulnerability is scoped to the Form plugin component, with versions before 9.1.15 confirmed affected.
Know when Grav gets its next vulnerability
- Watch products and get an email when something new is published
- Check this CVE against your own stack and servers
- Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources
No credit card · 7-day full trial
Severity by source
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:P/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:L/SI:L/SA:N
Form authoring requires a low-privilege account (PR:L); victim must load the form page (UI:R); scripts execute cross-user (S:C); no availability impact applies.
Primary rating from Vendor (VulnCheck).
CVSS VectorVendor: VulnCheck
Lifecycle Timeline
1DescriptionCVE.org
Grav Form plugin versions before 9.1.15 contain a stored cross-site scripting vulnerability in radio and toggle field option labels rendered with the Twig |raw filter. Attackers with form authoring permissions can inject HTML and script payloads in option labels that execute in the browsers of visitors and administrators viewing the form.
Threat Intelligence Overview
How this decision was reached
The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.
What every action level means
SSVC AssessmentENISA
Priority Score
Attack Technique
Cross-Site Scripting occurs when an application accepts untrusted data and sends it to a web browser without proper validation or encoding.
Server-side template injection (SSTI) in Grav (getgrav/grav) prior to 1.8.0-beta.27 allows an authenticated attacker hol
Broken access control in Grav CMS (CWE-285) before 1.8.0-beta.27 lets an authenticated editor-level user escalate their
A Remote Code Execution (RCE) vulnerability in Grav CMS v1.7.48 allows an authenticated admin to upload a malicious plug
Grav is a file-based Web platform. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.9), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low a
GravCMS 1.10.7 allows unauthenticated remote attackers to write arbitrary YAML configuration files, leading to full serv
Remote code execution in Grav CMS 2.0.4 (fixed in 2.0.7) lets an authenticated user holding the admin.pages or api.pages
Remote code execution in Grav CMS before 2.0.15 allows attackers holding page-edit or blueprint-config privileges to wri
Vertical privilege escalation in Grav CMS before 2.0.14 lets a delegated administrator holding only the admin.users perm
Stored cross-site scripting in Grav CMS before 2.0.15 lets authenticated editors smuggle JavaScript event handlers past
Server-side request forgery (SSRF) in Grav CMS versions prior to 1.7.49.5 allows remote authenticated attackers to make
Grav is a file-based Web platform. Prior to 1.8.0-beta.27, Grav CMS is vulnerable to a Server-Side Template Injection (S
Remote code execution in Grav CMS before 2.0.13 allows authenticated low-privilege users to plant and execute arbitrary
EUVD-2026-58635
GHSA-3mpx-xv5p-92mv
NVD
CVE.org
EPSS
Exploit-DB