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Apache Ranger EUVDEUVD-2026-55252

| CVE-2026-40920 CRITICAL
Improper Privilege Management (CWE-269)
2026-08-10 apache GHSA-8q3p-j6v6-5x63
9.8
CVSS 3.1 · Vendor: apache
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Attack ChainAIDerived

Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain

  1. Access
    Reach Ranger admin/REST endpoint over network
  2. Delivery
    Craft request with manipulated URL parameter
  3. Exploit
    Trigger improper privilege check (CWE-269)
  4. Execution
    Obtain elevated Ranger privileges
  5. Impact
    Rewrite policies to access governed data

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A06:2025 - Insecure Design
ASVS 5.0
V8 - Authorization Least privilege enforcement
MITRE ATT&CK

1 technique across 1 tactic: Privilege Escalation

The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up.

Exploitation Conditions

The concrete prerequisite is network reachability to an Apache Ranger deployment at version ≤ 2.8.0, and the ability to issue a request containing the specific manipulated URL parameter that drives the escalation (the exact parameter is not disclosed in the available data). The vendor CVSS vector (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N) asserts no authentication and no user interaction are required against a reachable instance, but the 'privilege escalation' characterization suggests a pre-existing low-privilege account may in practice be the realistic starting point - this ambiguity is unresolved and should be confirmed with the Apache advisory. Limiting factors that reduce real-world risk: Ranger admin interfaces are frequently segmented onto internal management networks rather than internet-exposed, no public exploit exists to lower the discovery barrier, and EPSS/KEV data show no active mass exploitation.

Impact

The signals are genuinely mixed and should not be treated as uniformly critical. The vendor CVSS of 9.8 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N, all-High impact) paints a worst-case remote, unauthenticated, low-effort compromise - yet the description labels this a 'Privilege Escalation,' which by definition normally presupposes an authenticated foothold, so the PR:N metric is in tension with the described behavior and should be verified against the Apache advisory. Countervailing the high CVSS, EPSS is only 0.19% (9th percentile), there is no CISA KEV listing, and no public exploit is identified, which argues against imminent widespread automated exploitation. The practical takeaway: this is a real patch-now issue for anyone running Ranger because a compromise of the policy engine defeats controls for the whole data platform, and even a mid-sized municipal IT team should treat it as urgent - but the current threat data points to targeted rather than opportunistic mass exploitation, so it warrants prompt scheduled patching rather than emergency panic. If the PR:N/CVSS 9.8 rating holds under scrutiny, escalate accordingly.

Exploit ScenarioDerived

An attacker with network reach to the Apache Ranger interface crafts a request in which a specific URL parameter is manipulated to make Ranger grant privileges beyond what the caller should hold. With elevated rights over the policy engine, the attacker rewrites or bypasses access controls to reach protected data across Hadoop services (HDFS, Hive, etc.). No public proof-of-concept is available at time of analysis, so exploitation currently requires independent discovery of the exact parameter and behavior.

Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Why: CRITICAL severity.
No patch listed yet 0.2% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv2 – Aug 12, 2026

Privilege escalation in Apache Ranger versions 2.8.0 and earlier allows an attacker to elevate their effective permissions by manipulating a URL parameter, undermining the very access-control layer Ranger is meant to enforce across Hadoop-ecosystem services. Apache rates it CVSS 9.8 with a network, low-complexity, no-privilege vector, though the 'privilege escalation' framing implies a pre-existing foothold that is worth verifying. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis, and the EPSS score is low (0.19%, 9th percentile), indicating no observed mass-exploitation activity yet.

Earlier versions of this analysis (1)
v1 Aug 10, 2026 - 11:02

Privilege escalation in Apache Ranger versions 2.8.0 and earlier allows an authenticated low-privilege user to gain elevated access by manipulating URL parameters in the Ranger web interface or REST API. All deployments running any version through 2.8.0 are affected. The Apache Software Foundation has released version 2.9.0 to address this flaw; no public exploit code or active exploitation has been identified at time of analysis.

RemediationAI

Apply the primary fix by upgrading to Apache Ranger 2.9.0, which the vendor confirms resolves the issue; this is the recommended and only vendor-endorsed remediation. Consult the Apache advisory at https://lists.apache.org/thread/zh92fob9gqp196rvz3x9t0d2fnq9g27d before upgrading. Where an immediate upgrade is not feasible, compensating controls should focus on constraining reachability of the Ranger admin/policy interface: restrict network access to the Ranger Admin UI and REST endpoints to trusted management networks or a bastion (reducing the AV:N exposure, at the cost of breaking any legitimate broad access), place the interface behind an authenticating reverse proxy or WAF that can normalize and inspect URL parameters (which may cause false positives on legitimate policy-management traffic), and tighten and audit existing Ranger user roles so that any escalation starts from the lowest-possible baseline. Increase audit logging and monitor for anomalous privilege changes or policy edits until the patch is deployed. Because the exact vulnerable URL parameter is not disclosed in the available data, treat these controls as risk-reduction rather than a guaranteed block, and prioritize the 2.9.0 upgrade.

Affected VersionsENISA

Apache Ranger 0 ≤2.8.0

Affected Packages

euvd apache_ranger no fix

Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)

Affects your stack

Affects 1 package in euvd

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

Apache Ranger is a centralized authorization, auditing, and data-governance framework for the Hadoop ecosystem, brokering fine-grained access policies for services such as HDFS, Hive, HBase, Kafka, YARN, and Solr. The flaw is classified CWE-269 (Improper Privilege Management), meaning the application fails to correctly enforce the boundary between privilege levels - here through a URL parameter that influences the authorization decision. Because Ranger is itself the policy-decision point for an entire data platform, a weakness in its own privilege handling can cascade into unauthorized access across every downstream service it governs. The single affected CPE is cpe:2.3:a:apache_software_foundation:apache_ranger, confirming the scope is the Ranger product itself rather than a bundled dependency.

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Severity by source

Vendor (apache) PRIMARY 9.8 HIGH
AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
vuln.today AI 8.8 HIGH

Network-reachable web parameter with low complexity, but 'privilege escalation' implies an existing low-privilege account (PR:L rather than the vendor's PR:N); full compromise of the policy engine yields High C/I/A.

3.1 AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
4.0 AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Primary rating from Vendor (apache).

CVSS VectorVendor: apache

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
Low
Privileges Required
None
User Interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
High
Integrity
High
Availability
High

Lifecycle Timeline

3
Analysis Updated
Aug 12, 2026 - 16:31 vuln.today
v2 - CVSS changed
CVSS changed
Aug 12, 2026 - 16:22 NVD
9.8 (CRITICAL)
CVE Published
Aug 10, 2026 - 10:25 cve.org
HIGH

DescriptionCVE.org

Privilege Escalation via URL Parameter is reported in Apache Ranger versions <= 2.8.0.

Users are recommended to upgrade to version 2.9.0, which fixes this issue.

Executive ViewAI

Why It Matters

Apache Ranger, which serves as the central authorization engine for Hadoop-ecosystem data access, contains a critical privilege escalation flaw affecting all versions 2.8.0 and earlier. Unauthenticated attackers can bypass access controls through URL parameter manipulation, potentially exposing data lakes and processing clusters to unauthorized access and modification. Organizations relying on Ranger for compliance and data governance now have a unpatched attack surface in their core security infrastructure.

Business Impact: Severe
Compensating Controls

No vendor-released patch identified at time of analysis. Interim mitigations: restrict Ranger administrative access via network segmentation (allowlist administrative subnets only); deploy WAF or proxy rules to detect anomalous URL parameter patterns and rate-limit administrative endpoints; enforce multi-factor authentication on Ranger console login; implement continuous monitoring and alerting on Ranger audit logs for privilege elevation attempts; run Ranger in read-only mode for development and non-critical clusters until patch availability is confirmed.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.2%
Top 91% exploitable
Prevalence
Medium
common authorization layer in enterprise Hadoop/big-data stacks, not universal
Data Quality
4 sources
Confidence: Medium

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity CRITICAL
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS 0.2%
Patch available No
Active threat No
Deciding rule
CRITICAL severity
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived
Out-of-Cycle
Exploitation· derived
None
System Exposure· derived
Open
Automatable· derived
Yes
Human Impact
Very High

Priority Score

49
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +49
PoC: 0
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

Privilege escalation occurs when an attacker leverages flaws in access control mechanisms to gain permissions beyond what they were originally granted.

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