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Lightpanda EUVDEUVD-2026-44720

| CVE-2026-52842 CRITICAL
Origin Validation Error (CWE-346)
2026-07-15 GitHub_M
9.3
CVSS 3.1 · Vendor: GitHub_M
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Attack ChainAIDerived

Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain

  1. Access
    Lure agent to crafted URL
  2. Delivery
    Serve http://attacker.com/@victim.com/
  3. Exploit
    Origin parser misreads path @ as userinfo
  4. Execution
    Content treated as victim.com origin
  5. Persist
    Read cross-origin cookies/storage
  6. Impact
    Exfiltrate sensitive data

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A07:2025 - Authentication Failures
ASVS 5.0
V6 - Authentication Origin validation
Exploitation Conditions

Exploitation requires the Lightpanda browser (version < 0.3.1) to fetch an attacker-crafted URL whose path contains an '@' followed by the target hostname, e.g. http://attacker.com/@victim.com/ - the '@' in the path segment is what causes the host to be misparsed. The limiting factor is user/agent interaction (UI:R): the victim automation must be induced to navigate to the malicious URL rather than the flaw firing unprompted, and the payload only yields impact against origins the browser holds sensitive context for (cookies, storage, authenticated sessions). No authentication is required (PR:N) and it works against default configurations, so any Lightpanda instance that processes untrusted or attacker-influenced URLs is exposed.

Impact

The signals are largely consistent toward high real-world severity for affected deployments. CVSS 3.1 is 9.3 with vector AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:N - network reachable, low complexity, unauthenticated (PR:N), but requiring user/agent interaction (UI:R) to visit the crafted URL, with a scope change (S:C) reflecting that one origin's protections are subverted to affect another. There is no EPSS score in the provided data and no CISA KEV listing, and no public exploit was identified, so exploitation appears theoretical/opportunistic rather than mass-automated at this time. The one caveat worth flagging: the impact is a same-origin-policy/authentication-context bypass (confidentiality and integrity of cross-origin data), which the S:C/C:H/I:H rating captures well, though A:N correctly notes no availability impact. Overall this is a genuine priority for anyone running Lightpanda against untrusted content, not an inflated-CVSS non-issue, because the trigger condition is a single crafted URL.

Exploit ScenarioDerived

An attacker hosts a page at http://attacker.com/@victim.com/ and lures a Lightpanda-driven automation agent or scraper into fetching it (UI:R). Lightpanda serves the attacker's content but stamps it with the origin http://victim.com, so the attacker's script can read cookies, storage, or authenticated responses scoped to victim.com and exfiltrate them, effectively bypassing the Same-Origin Policy. No public POC was identified, but the fix's own test cases (e.g. http://evil.example.com/@victim.example.com/) demonstrate the exact trigger.

Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Why: CRITICAL severity.
Patch available 0.2% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Jul 15, 2026

Same-Origin Policy bypass in Lightpanda headless browser before 0.3.1 allows an attacker-controlled site to impersonate an arbitrary victim origin. Because origin computation searched for the '@' userinfo delimiter across the entire URL string rather than only the authority component, a URL like http://attacker.com/@victim.com/ was fetched from attacker.com yet treated as origin http://victim.com, breaking the fundamental web isolation boundary. No public exploit identified at time of analysis and not listed in CISA KEV, but the CVSS 9.3 rating and the trivial, deterministic nature of the parsing flaw make it a high-priority fix for any automation pipeline using Lightpanda.

RemediationAI

Vendor-released patch: 0.3.1 - upgrade Lightpanda to version 0.3.1 or later, which replaces whole-string '@' searching with the bounded parseAuthority() logic (see release https://github.com/lightpanda-io/browser/releases/tag/0.3.1, PR https://github.com/lightpanda-io/browser/pull/1998, and advisory https://github.com/lightpanda-io/browser/security/advisories/GHSA-mq6p-m9cc-q432). If you cannot upgrade immediately, restrict the browser to trusted URLs only by validating or normalizing target URLs before handing them to Lightpanda and rejecting any URL whose path contains an '@' character before origin-sensitive operations; the trade-off is that legitimate URLs containing '@' in the path or query would also be blocked. Additionally, run automation jobs against untrusted content in isolated network segments or ephemeral sandboxes so a cross-origin data leak cannot reach sensitive internal resources, accepting the added infrastructure/latency overhead.

Affected VersionsENISA

Browser < 0.3.1

Affected Packages

euvd browser fix: 0.3.1

Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)

Affects your stack

Affects 1 package in euvd

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

Lightpanda is a lightweight headless browser (written in Zig) purpose-built for AI agents, scraping and automation workloads as an alternative to Chromium-based headless setups. The flaw is a classic CWE-346 Origin Validation Error rooted in incorrect URL authority parsing: per RFC 3986 the userinfo '@' delimiter is only valid within the authority component (between '://' and the first '/', '?' or '#'), but the vulnerable getOrigin/getHost logic in src/browser/URL.zig used indexOf('@') over the whole raw string. Any '@' appearing later in the path was therefore misinterpreted as a userinfo separator, causing the host to be read from the path segment. The PR #1998 fix introduces a parseAuthority() helper that first bounds the authority to characters before '/?#' and only then searches for '@' inside that slice, and also hardens port/IPv6-bracket handling (e.g. [::1]:8080).

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Severity by source

Vendor (GitHub_M) PRIMARY 9.3 CRITICAL
AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:N
vuln.today AI 9.3 CRITICAL

Remote, unauthenticated, low-complexity single crafted URL (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N) but needs the agent to visit it (UI:R); SOP bypass crosses origins (S:C) leaking and forging cross-origin data (C:H/I:H, A:N).

3.1 AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:N
4.0 AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:A/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:H/SI:H/SA:N

Primary rating from Vendor (GitHub_M).

CVSS VectorVendor: GitHub_M

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
Low
Privileges Required
None
User Interaction
Required
Scope
Changed
Confidentiality
High
Integrity
High
Availability
None

Lifecycle Timeline

2
Patch available
Jul 15, 2026 - 21:18 EUVD
CVE Published
Jul 15, 2026 - 16:18 cve.org
CRITICAL 9.3

DescriptionCVE.org

Lightpanda is a headless browser designed for AI and automation. Prior to 0.3.1, Lightpanda searched for @ across the entire URL string instead of only the authority component when computing a page origin, so a URL such as http://attacker.com/@victim.com/ was fetched from attacker.com but treated as http://victim.com, allowing a complete Same-Origin Policy bypass. This issue is fixed in version 0.3.1.

Executive ViewAI

Why It Matters

Lightpanda headless browser versions before 0.3.1 contain a critical Same-Origin Policy bypass (CVSS 9.3) that allows attacker-controlled websites to impersonate arbitrary victim origins, breaking the fundamental isolation boundary that protects sensitive cross-origin data. While no public exploit has been identified at time of analysis, the trivial nature of the parsing flaw and critical severity rating make exploitation inevitable once disclosed; organizations operating web automation, testing, or scraping infrastructure built on Lightpanda face immediate risk of credential theft, session hijacking, and unauthorized cross-domain access. No patch is currently available from the vendor.

Business Impact: Severe
Compensating Controls

Until vendor patch is released: (1) restrict Lightpanda to single-origin automation with no cross-origin resource access; (2) run affected instances on isolated network segments with strict egress filtering to block communication with untrusted domains; (3) disable JavaScript execution if automation logic does not require it; (4) implement runtime monitoring and logging of all cross-origin requests to detect exploitation attempts; (5) prepare contingency plan to migrate to Chromium-based alternatives (Puppeteer, Playwright) if required.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.2%
Top 94% exploitable
Prevalence
Low
niche open-source headless browser for AI/automation, small deployment footprint
Data Quality
6 sources
Confidence: High

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity CRITICAL
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS 0.2%
Patch available Yes
Active threat No
Deciding rule
CRITICAL severity
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision
Scheduled
Exploitation
None
System Exposure· derived
Open
Automatable
No
Human Impact
Very High
Technical Impact
Total

Priority Score

46
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +46
PoC: 0
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

Authentication bypass attacks exploit flaws in the verification mechanisms that control access to systems and applications.

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