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@astrojs/netlify EUVDEUVD-2026-38334

| CVE-2026-54300 MEDIUM
Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) (CWE-918)
2026-06-16 https://github.com/withastro/astro GHSA-529g-xq4f-cw38
5.3
CVSS 3.1 · Vendor: https://github.com/withastro/astro
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Attack ChainAIDerived

Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain

  1. Access
    Identify Astro/Netlify app with wildcard remotePatterns
  2. Delivery
    Inspect or infer configured origin family
  3. Exploit
    Craft image CDN request targeting apex host or deeper path
  4. Execution
    Send GET to /.netlify/images?url=<crafted>
  5. Persist
    Netlify CDN fetches from unintended host or path
  6. Impact
    Receive proxied image-like resource

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A01:2025 - Broken Access Control
ASVS 5.0
V4 - API and Web Service URL allowlisting, SSRF prevention
MITRE ATT&CK

2 techniques across 2 tactics: Initial Access, Credential Access

The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up.

Exploitation Conditions

Exploitation requires that the target application be built and deployed using @astrojs/netlify (versions below 7.0.13) as its Netlify adapter, AND that the application's Astro configuration include at least one image.remotePatterns entry using either a wildcard subdomain pattern (*.hostname) or a wildcard pathname segment (/path/*). Applications using only exact-match hostname or pathname values in remotePatterns are not affected because the regex broadening only occurs when wildcards are present. Once these build-time conditions are met, exploitation itself requires no authentication and no special privileges: any public requester can send an HTTP GET to the /.netlify/images endpoint with a crafted url parameter targeting the apex host or a deeper path that Astro's matcher would have rejected. Exploitation is limited to fetching image-like resources the CDN is willing to proxy; it does not grant arbitrary internal network access or write capabilities.

Impact

The NVD-assigned CVSS 3.1 score of 5.3 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N) accurately captures that unauthenticated network attackers can trigger the broadened image fetch once an application is built and deployed with the vulnerable adapter. However, real-world exploitability requires two conditions not reflected in raw CVSS: the target application must use @astrojs/netlify as its deployment adapter, AND its image.remotePatterns configuration must include at least one wildcard hostname (*.host) or wildcard pathname (/path/*) pattern. Applications with only exact-match patterns are not affected. No EPSS data was provided in the intelligence, so probabilistic exploitation likelihood cannot be quantified. No KEV listing exists, and no standalone POC tool has been identified - though the GHSA advisory provides step-by-step reproduction sufficient to replicate. The practical impact is SSRF-scoped information disclosure: the Netlify CDN can be directed to fetch and proxy image-like resources from origins or paths that the developer explicitly intended to exclude. The confidentiality risk scales with what sensitive resources reside at the broader matched origin family. The I:N and A:N CVSS metrics appear correct - there is no evidence of write or denial-of-service capability.

Exploit ScenarioDerived

An attacker identifies an Astro application deployed on Netlify that uses @astrojs/netlify@7.0.10 with a pattern such as remotePatterns: [{ hostname: '*.internal-partner.com', pathname: '/public/*' }]. The broadened regex allows the apex host internal-partner.com to also match, so the attacker sends a request to /.netlify/images?url=https%3A%2F%2Finternal-partner.com%2Fpublic%2Fsecret-diagram.svg&w=100, causing the Netlify Image CDN to proxy the resource even though Astro's matcher would have rejected the apex host. Detailed reproduction steps sufficient for replication are included in the GHSA advisory, but no standalone exploit tool has been identified.

This Month Plan within 30 days. Why: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9).
Patch available 0.2% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Jun 16, 2026

Regex translation in the @astrojs/netlify adapter broadens Astro's image.remotePatterns beyond the intended allowlist when building for Netlify deployment, enabling unauthorized image fetches from apex hosts and deeper URL paths. Versions of @astrojs/netlify prior to 7.0.13 (confirmed vulnerable at 7.0.10) generate Netlify Image CDN regex patterns that make wildcard subdomains optional and omit end-anchoring on pathname segments, causing the Netlify CDN to accept URLs that Astro's canonical matcher would reject. Unauthenticated public requesters can exploit this to cause the Netlify Image CDN to fetch image-like resources from hosts or paths outside the developer's intended scope, constituting a partial SSRF bypass against the image proxy allowlist. No active exploitation has been confirmed in CISA KEV, but a detailed reproduction is included in the GHSA advisory.

RemediationAI

Upgrade @astrojs/netlify to version 7.0.13 or later, which corrects the regex generation logic to match Astro's canonical matchHostname and matchPathname semantics including required subdomain presence and full end-anchoring of pathnames. The fix is documented in the GHSA advisory at https://github.com/withastro/astro/security/advisories/GHSA-529g-xq4f-cw38. Until the upgrade is applied, a viable workaround is to audit image.remotePatterns and replace all wildcard hostname patterns (*.host) with explicit subdomain enumerations and all wildcard pathname patterns (/path/*) with fully explicit path segments, eliminating the overly broad regex expansion entirely at the cost of reduced configuration flexibility. Alternatively, operators can restrict public access to the /.netlify/images endpoint at the CDN or WAF layer, though this trades functionality for risk reduction. Rebuilding and redeploying the application after upgrading is required to propagate corrected regex entries into .netlify/v1/config.json.

Affected VersionsENISA

astro < 7.0.13

Affected Packages

npm @astrojs/netlify fix: 7.0.13
euvd astro fix: 7.0.13

Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)

Affects your stack

Affects 2 packages in npm, euvd

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

The affected package (pkg:npm/@astrojs_netlify, vulnerable below 7.0.13) is the official Astro adapter for Netlify deployment. At build time, it translates Astro's structured image.remotePatterns configuration into Netlify Image CDN images.remote_images regex entries written to .netlify/v1/config.json. The root cause is a CWE-918 (Server-Side Request Forgery) logic flaw in this translation layer. Two distinct regex generation bugs exist: (1) a wildcard hostname pattern like *.example.com is emitted as ([a-z0-9-]+\.)?example\.com, making the subdomain group optional so the apex domain example.com also matches - contrary to Astro's matchHostname which requires exactly one subdomain segment; (2) a wildcard pathname like /ok/* is emitted as a prefix-style segment regex with no end anchor, so Netlify's CDN, which evaluates images.remote_images entries as JavaScript regexes via .test(sourceImageUrl.href), accepts /ok/a/b.svg as matching /ok/a - contrary to Astro's matchPathname which requires exactly one additional path segment. The CDN then fetches the resolved remote URL server-side, making the image proxy the proximate SSRF actor.

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Severity by source

Vendor (https://github.com/withastro/astro) PRIMARY 5.3 MEDIUM
AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N
vuln.today AI 5.3 MEDIUM

Network-reachable CDN endpoint, no auth required to trigger; confidentiality limited to image-proxy disclosure; no integrity or availability impact.

3.1 AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N
4.0 AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Primary rating from Vendor (https://github.com/withastro/astro).

CVSS VectorVendor: https://github.com/withastro/astro

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
Low
Privileges Required
None
User Interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
Low
Integrity
None
Availability
None

DescriptionCVE.org

Summary

@astrojs/netlify converts Astro image.remotePatterns into Netlify Image CDN images.remote_images regular expressions with broader semantics than Astro's canonical matcher. A single wildcard hostname such as *.example.com is converted to an optional subdomain regex, so the apex host matches. A single wildcard pathname such as /ok/* is converted without end anchoring, so deeper paths match by prefix.

Technical details

The Netlify adapter generates regex strings for Netlify Image CDN from image.remotePatterns. For *.example.com, it emits ([a-z0-9-]+\\.)?example\\.com, which makes the subdomain optional. Astro's canonical helper requires exactly one subdomain and rejects the apex host.

For /ok/*, the adapter emits a segment regex but does not anchor the end of the URL. Netlify's Image CDN implementation treats images.remote_images entries as JavaScript regular expressions and calls .test(sourceImageUrl.href), so a URL such as /ok/a/b.svg matches the /ok/a prefix even though Astro's helper rejects it.

The latest npm package @astrojs/netlify@7.0.10 contains this conversion logic, and a minimal Astro build writes the broadened patterns into .netlify/v1/config.json.

Reproduction

  1. Create an Astro app using astro@6.3.8 and @astrojs/netlify@7.0.10.
  2. Configure Netlify output and a restrictive image pattern, for example remotePatterns: [{ protocol: 'http', hostname: '*.localhost', pathname: '/ok/*' }].
  3. Build the app and observe that .netlify/v1/config.json contains http://([a-z0-9-]+\\.)?localhost(:[0-9]+)?(\\/ok/[^/?#]+)/?([?][^#]*)?.
  4. Serve a canary SVG on 127.0.0.1:9001.
  5. Request /.netlify/images?url=http%3A%2F%2Flocalhost%3A9001%2Fok%2Fa.svg&w=100. Astro's helper rejects the apex localhost for *.localhost, but Netlify Image CDN accepts it and fetches the canary.
  6. As a negative control, request /.netlify/images?url=http%3A%2F%2Flocalhost%3A9001%2Fnope%2Fa.svg&w=100. This returns 403 Forbidden: Remote image URL not allowed and does not hit the canary.
  7. Request /.netlify/images?url=http%3A%2F%2Flocalhost%3A9001%2Fok%2Fa%2Fb.svg&w=100. Astro's /ok/* helper rejects this deeper path, but Netlify Image CDN accepts it and fetches the canary.

Impact

Any Astro app deployed with @astrojs/netlify and a restrictive image.remotePatterns config can expose a wider image-fetch boundary than intended. Public requests to the Netlify Image CDN endpoint can fetch URLs that Astro's own matcher would reject, including apex hosts for *.host patterns and deeper paths for /path/* patterns. The practical impact depends on what the application intended to isolate behind the remote image allowlist, but it can disclose image-like resources from unintended hosts or paths behind the same configured remote origin family.

Remediation

Generate regexes that exactly match Astro's canonical matchHostname and matchPathname semantics, and anchor the full URL match before writing images.remote_images. In particular, *.example.com should require exactly one subdomain and should not match example.com, and /ok/* should match exactly one additional path segment and should not match /ok/a/b.

Blast Radius

ecosystem impact
† from your stack dependencies † transitive graph · vuln.today resolves 4-path depth
  • 1 npm packages depend on @astrojs/netlify (1 direct, 0 indirect)

Ecosystem-wide dependent count for version 7.0.13.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.2%
Top 92% exploitable
Threat Intel
1
1 source
Exploit
POC
Public exploit code exists
Data Quality
6 sources
Confidence: High
EUVD NVD CVE.org EPSS Vulnrichment GHSA GitHub

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity MEDIUM
CISA KEV No
Public POC Yes
EPSS 0.2%
Patch available Yes
Active threat No
Deciding rule
MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived
Scheduled
Exploitation
Poc
System Exposure· derived
Open
Automatable
Yes
Human Impact· derived
Medium
Technical Impact
Partial

Priority Score

46
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +26
PoC: +20
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

Server-Side Request Forgery exploits applications that fetch remote resources based on user-supplied URLs.

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