Severity by source
AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:L/A:L
Federation fetches happen automatically over the network with no auth or user interaction (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N); SSRF to internal services typically reads sensitive data (C:H) with limited write/availability impact (I:L/A:L).
Primary rating from Vendor (GitHub_M).
CVSS VectorVendor: GitHub_M
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:L/A:L
Lifecycle Timeline
3DescriptionCVE.org
Fedify is a TypeScript library for building federated server apps powered by ActivityPub. Fedify previously addressed SSRF/internal network access in GHSA-p9cg-vqcc-grcx by adding public URL validation before runtime document and media fetching. However, the IPv4 validation logic present starting in version 0.11.2 and prior to versions 1.9.12, 1.10.11, 2.0.19, 2.1.15, and 2.2.4 appears incomplete. The validatePublicUrl() protection relies on isValidPublicIPv4Address() to reject non-public IPv4 destinations. The function blocks common private and local ranges such as 10.0.0.0/8, 127.0.0.0/8, 169.254.0.0/16, 172.16.0.0/12, and 192.168.0.0/16, but it still treats several special-use, reserved, multicast, benchmarking, and carrier-grade NAT IPv4 ranges as valid public destinations. Because this validation is used as an SSRF defense before outbound fetches, this appears to be an incomplete mitigation or bypass class for the previous SSRF issue. Versions 1.9.12, 1.10.11, 2.0.19, 2.1.15, and 2.2.4 contain an updated patch.
AnalysisAI
Server-Side Request Forgery in the Fedify ActivityPub library (versions 0.11.2 through 2.2.3, with branch-specific cutoffs) allows remote attackers to coerce outbound fetches to non-public IPv4 destinations because the isValidPublicIPv4Address() allow-list misses several reserved, multicast, benchmarking, and CGNAT ranges. This is an incomplete-fix bypass of the SSRF mitigation originally tracked as GHSA-p9cg-vqcc-grcx, and at time of analysis there is no public exploit identified, though the underlying logic and patch diff are publicly disclosed in the GHSA-xw9q-2mv6-9fr8 advisory. …
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Attack ChainAIDerived
Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata
Vulnerability AssessmentAI
| Exploitation | The target must be running Fedify (or `vocab-runtime`) at version 0.11.2 or later but below the patched 1.9.12 / 1.10.11 / 2.0.19 / 2.1.15 / 2.2.4 release on its branch, with federation enabled so that runtime document and media fetching via `validatePublicUrl()` is exercised - this is the default deployment mode. … Additional conditions and limiting factors are described in the full assessment. |
| Risk Assessment | The NVD CVSS:3.1 vector AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:L/A:L (8.6) is consistent with an SSRF reachable over the network with no authentication and no user interaction, against any Fedify instance willing to dereference a federated URL - which is the default mode of operation. … Full risk analysis with EPSS, KEV, and SSVC signal comparison available after sign-in. |
| Exploit Scenario | An attacker stands up a malicious ActivityPub actor or object on a remote server they control, then triggers the victim Fedify instance to dereference it (for example via a follow, mention, or inbox delivery). The actor document or an embedded attachment URL resolves via DNS to an address inside a missed range such as 100.64.x.x (CGNAT) or to cloud metadata via a redirector, causing Fedify's outbound HTTP client to fetch the internal resource and surface its contents or side effects back through the federation layer. … |
| Remediation | Vendor-released patch: upgrade to Fedify 1.9.12, 1.10.11, 2.0.19, 2.1.15, or 2.2.4 on the matching release branch as documented in https://github.com/fedify-dev/fedify/security/advisories/GHSA-xw9q-2mv6-9fr8, and update `vocab-runtime` in lockstep. … Detailed patch versions, workarounds, and compensating controls in full report. |
Recommended ActionAI
Within 24 hours: Inventory all systems running Fedify versions 0.11.2-2.2.3 and audit their network access; implement firewall rules blocking outbound connections from affected services to private IP ranges (10.0.0.0/8, 172.16.0.0/12, 192.168.0.0/16, 169.254.0.0/16, 224.0.0.0/4, and reserved multicast/benchmarking ranges). …
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External POC / Exploit Code
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EUVD-2026-36132