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Welcart e-Commerce EUVDEUVD-2026-114615

| CVE-2026-119166 MEDIUM
Improper Authentication (CWE-287)
2026-10-31 Wordfence GHSA-4367-rh2q-m2rx
5.3
CVSS 3.1 · NVD
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Attack ChainAIDerived

Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain

  1. Access
    Read public nonce from New Enrollment Form
  2. Delivery
    Enumerate target member numeric ID
  3. Exploit
    Submit member[ID] with attacker email/password
  4. Execution
    Overwrite victim credentials via IDOR
  5. Impact
    Authenticate as victim for full account takeover

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A07:2025 - Authentication Failures
ASVS 5.0
V6 - Authentication Authentication mechanism validation
MITRE ATT&CK

2 techniques across 2 tactics: Defense Evasion, Initial Access

The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up.

Exploitation Conditions

Exploitable against default installations: the plugin auto-publishes the New Enrollment Form, which prints the wp_verify_nonce() nonce to every unauthenticated visitor, so the attacker simply reads that nonce from the public page and then POSTs the 'member[ID]' parameter set to a victim's numeric member ID together with a new email and password. No existing account, no WordPress login, and no non-default configuration are required. The practical limiting factors are: the attacker must supply a currently-valid nonce harvested from the public form, and must know or enumerate the target's numeric member ID (likely sequential and guessable). It affects all versions up to and including 2.12.5; sites on a later patched build are not exploitable.

Impact

The official CVSS of 5.3 (Medium) materially understates the real-world risk, and the disagreement should be resolved in favor of the mechanism described. The provided vector CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N rates only a low integrity impact with no confidentiality or availability loss, yet the description is explicit that an unauthenticated attacker can overwrite any shop-member's email and password and then authenticate as that member - i.e. full account takeover, which realistically carries high confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact for the victim account. All exploitation signals point the same way: attack vector is network (AV:N), complexity is low (AC:L), no privileges (PR:N) and no user interaction (UI:N), and the only barrier is a wp_verify_nonce() check against a nonce that is printed to every unauthenticated visitor on the auto-published New Enrollment Form, so the barrier is effectively cosmetic. No EPSS score was provided, the CVE is not listed in CISA KEV, and no confirmed public exploit code was supplied, so there is no evidence of active exploitation; the vuln.today decision label is 'this_month' (prioritize, not emergency). Net assessment: this is a genuine priority for any site running the plugin because exploitation is trivial and unauthenticated, even though the raw CVSS score and the absence of KEV/EPSS data would otherwise make it look like a mid-tier issue. The gap between the scored impact (I:L only) and the described account-takeover outcome should be verified against the Wordfence advisory.

Exploit ScenarioDerived

An unauthenticated attacker loads the plugin's public New Enrollment Form, copies the nonce that the plugin prints there for any visitor, and submits a request setting the 'member[ID]' parameter to a target member's numeric ID along with an attacker-controlled email and password. The plugin fails to validate that the submitter owns that ID, so the victim account's credentials are overwritten and the attacker logs in as that member for full account takeover. No public exploit code was supplied with this report, though the Wordfence advisory and the patched source lines are referenced.

This Month Plan within 30 days. Why: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9).
No patch listed yet 0.3% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Oct 31, 2026

Unauthenticated account takeover of any Welcart shop member is possible on WordPress sites running the Welcart e-Commerce plugin up to and including 2.12.5. The enrollment/member handler trusts the attacker-supplied 'member[ID]' key without validating ownership, so a remote attacker who submits a victim's numeric member ID together with a new email address and password overwrites those credentials and can then log in as that member. The only gate is a wp_verify_nonce() check against a nonce printed on the auto-published New Enrollment Form, which every unauthenticated visitor can read, so default installations with no existing account are exploitable; no public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis, and the vendor-reported CVSS of 5.3 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N) is materially lower than our assessment of 9.8 (C:H/I:H/A:H) given the full account-takeover outcome.

RemediationAI

Vendor-side, a fix was committed to the plugin in WordPress.org changeset 3760784 for usc-e-shop (trunk/classes/usceshop.class.php), so update Welcart e-Commerce to a release that includes that changeset; the exact patched version number is not stated in the provided data, so confirm the changelog before assuming any specific build, and the advisory at https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/e93b0ebf-576d-48d0-95f7-87135f45980f should be checked for the vendor's stated fixed version. Because the single barrier described is the nonce printed to anonymous visitors on the auto-published New Enrollment Form, unpublishing or restricting public access to that form removes the nonce source and therefore the practical exploit path, with the trade-off of disabling new member self-registration until the plugin is updated; temporarily deactivating the plugin is a heavier alternative that removes storefront e-commerce functionality entirely. Sites that cannot update immediately should also audit existing Welcart member records for unexplained changes to email addresses, since this vulnerability yields full account takeover rather than read-only exposure.

Affected VersionsENISA

Welcart e-Commerce 0 ≤2.12.5

Affected Packages

euvd welcart_e_commerce no fix

Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)

Affects your stack

Affects 1 package in euvd

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

Welcart e-Commerce (WordPress.org slug usc-e-shop, CPE cpe:2.3:a:uscnanbu:welcart_e-commerce) handles shop-member registration and profile updates inside classes/usceshop.class.php, with the relevant member-processing paths at lines 3848, 4470, 5070 and 5509 of the 2.12.5 tag. The flaw is an insecure direct object reference against a user-controlled key: the 'member[ID]' parameter supplied by the client is used to select the account record to update, and no check confirms that the caller owns that record. CWE-287 (Improper Authentication) is the assigned class, reflecting that the operation authenticates the request only by a wp_verify_nonce() check tied to a nonce rendered on the auto-published New Enrollment Form; because that form is public on default installations, the nonce is available to any anonymous visitor, and member IDs are numeric and typically sequential, so the object reference is both harvestable and guessable. Overwriting the stored email and password yields credential-level impersonation of the member rather than a session-level bypass, which is why confidentiality, integrity and availability impacts are all high in our assessment even though the vendor vector scores only integrity as low.

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Severity by source

Vendor (Wordfence) PRIMARY MEDIUM
NVD 5.3 MEDIUM
AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N
vuln.today AI 9.8 CRITICAL

Unauthenticated remote account takeover with a publicly-printed nonce as the only barrier gives AV:N/AC:L/PR:N; overwriting credentials and locking out the owner yields C:H/I:H/A:H.

3.1 AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
4.0 AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Primary rating from Vendor (Wordfence).

CVSS VectorNVD

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
Low
Privileges Required
None
User Interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
None
Integrity
Low
Availability
None

DescriptionNVD

The Welcart e-Commerce plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Insecure Direct Object Reference in all versions up to, and including, 2.12.5 via the 'member[ID]' parameter due to missing validation on a user controlled key. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to overwrite any existing Welcart shop-member account's email address and password by supplying that member's numeric ID, then authenticate as that member to achieve full account takeover. The only authentication barrier is a wp_verify_nonce() check against a nonce printed to every unauthenticated visitor on the auto-published New Enrollment Form, meaning no existing account, no WordPress login, and no non-default configuration is required to exploit this vulnerability.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.3%
Top 79% exploitable
Prevalence
Low
regional Japanese WordPress e-commerce plugin, modest install footprint
Social Media
1
Sightings
Data Quality
4 sources
Confidence: Medium

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity MEDIUM
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS 0.3%
Patch available No
Active threat No
Deciding rule
MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived
Scheduled
Exploitation· derived
None
System Exposure· derived
Open
Automatable· derived
Yes
Human Impact· derived
Medium

Priority Score

26
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +26
PoC: 0
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

Authentication bypass attacks exploit flaws in the verification mechanisms that control access to systems and applications.

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