Attack ChainAIDerived
Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain
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AccessSend crafted HTTP request to Halo
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ExploitManipulate template argument with traversal sequences
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ExecutionBypass view-name resolution boundary
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ImpactAccess files outside theme directory
Vulnerability Assessment
| Weakness |
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A01:2025 - Broken Access Control
ASVS 5.0
V5 - File Handling Path canonicalization, traversal prevention
MITRE ATT&CK
2 techniques across 2 tactics: Discovery, Collection The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up. |
| Exploitation Conditions | Exploitation requires reaching Halo's theme view-name resolution logic with an attacker-influenced 'template' argument, which DefaultViewNameResolver.resolveViewNameOrDefault then resolves; the CVSS vector (PR:N/UI:N) indicates no authentication or user interaction is needed and the attack is remote. The precise request/endpoint that supplies the 'template' value is not described in the available sources. Limiting factors: impact is rated Low across confidentiality, integrity and availability by the reporter (consistent with constrained file access rather than full read of arbitrary paths or code execution), affected scope is Halo builds up to 2.27.0-beta.1, and exploit maturity is only Proof-of-Concept (E:P). |
| Impact | This is a moderate-severity path traversal (CWE-22) in the Halo CMS theme View Name Resolver, carrying a CVSS 4.0 base score of 6.9 with vector AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N and limited impact across all three dimensions (VC:L/VI:L/VA:L, no subsequent-system impact). The network-reachable, low-complexity, no-privilege, no-interaction profile means the barrier to attempt is low. However, the real-world priority is tempered: the CVSS 4.0 exploit-maturity metric is E:P (Proof-of-Concept), the only reporter is VulDB, and vuln.today assigns a 'this_month' decision label rather than an immediate/act_now urgency. The description states an exploit has been published, so this should be treated as having a public PoC reference. There is NO CISA KEV listing and NO EPSS score in the supplied data, so widespread or confirmed active exploitation cannot be asserted - exploitation status here is proof-of-concept only, not in-the-wild. The impact ceiling is modest (all impacts rated Low by the reporter), consistent with a file-disclosure/path-traversal primitive rather than code execution. Net: a genuine, remotely reachable issue worth patching on a normal (monthly) cycle, not a drop-everything emergency, and the limited-impact rating plus single-source reporting argue against over-prioritizing it on raw reachability alone. |
| Exploit ScenarioDerived | A remote attacker sends an HTTP request to a Halo instance that reaches the theme view-name resolution path and supplies a crafted value for the 'template' argument containing path-traversal sequences. Because DefaultViewNameResolver.resolveViewNameOrDefault does not adequately constrain the template name, the attacker can direct resolution outside the intended theme directory. A public PoC reference exists (CVSS exploit maturity E:P, exploit reported as published by VulDB); it is not verified as working exploit code in the supplied data. |
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Alert meAnalysisAIv1 – Oct 26, 2026
Path traversal (CWE-22) in halo-dev Halo CMS through 2.27.0-beta.1 lets unauthenticated remote attackers manipulate the 'template' argument handled by DefaultViewNameResolver.resolveViewNameOrDefault, allowing traversal outside the intended theme view-name lookup and limited exposure or manipulation of files reachable by the Halo process; the reporter rates confidentiality, integrity and availability impact as Low, consistent with constrained file access rather than arbitrary full-path read or code execution. The CVSS 4.0 score is 6.9 with AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N, and the vector carries E:P, so a public PoC reference exists; it is not verified as working exploit code, and there is no CISA KEV listing indicating active exploitation. The vendor was contacted about the disclosure and did not respond, and no vendor-released patch was identified at time of analysis, so exposure should be treated as ongoing for deployments on affected builds.
RemediationAI
No vendor-released patch was identified at time of analysis, and the vendor did not respond to the disclosure, so no exact fixed version can be cited for Halo. Operators should track the project at https://vuldb.com/vuln/426185 and the upstream halo-dev repository for a release beyond 2.27.0-beta.1 that constrains the 'template' argument in DefaultViewNameResolver.resolveViewNameOrDefault, and upgrade as soon as such a build is published. Because the specific endpoint that supplies the 'template' value is not described in the available sources, compensating controls must be precautionary rather than targeted: restrict network access to the Halo instance so that only trusted networks or a reverse proxy with authentication can reach theme-rendering routes, accepting that this breaks anonymous public site delivery for the protected deployment; and, where feasible, run Halo with its process filesystem permissions constrained to the theme/template directories and the data directory only, so that any traversal reaches as little as possible - with the trade-off that overly tight permissions can break template loading, plugin/asset writes and startup. Do not rely on input filtering alone as a complete fix, since the traversal payload space is broad and the resolution path is internal to the application; updating to a release that patches the resolver remains the only complete remediation once one exists.
Affected VersionsENISA
Affected Packages
Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)
Affects your stack
Affects 1 package in euvd
Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.
Technical ContextAI · show details
Halo is a Java-based (Spring) open-source CMS that renders themes by resolving logical view names to template files. The affected code is application/src/main/java/run/halo/app/theme/DefaultViewNameResolver.java, specifically resolveViewNameOrDefault, which maps a caller-supplied 'template' argument to a concrete theme template path. Because the 'template' value is not adequately constrained before path construction, an attacker can embed traversal sequences and steer resolution to locations outside the intended theme template directory - the classic CWE-22 pattern of unsanitized input flowing into a filesystem path. The CPE cpe:2.3:a:halo-dev:halo:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* confirms the whole Halo product line up to and including 2.27.0-beta.1 as the affected range, with no fixed release identified. The supplied evidence establishes that the 'template' argument reaches this resolver under a remote, unauthenticated condition (PR:N/UI:N in both the reported CVSS 4.0 vector and the independently assessed 3.1 vector), but the precise request path or endpoint that supplies that argument is not described in the available sources, and the trigger mechanics beyond argument manipulation are likewise not detailed; assessments should therefore not assume a specific HTTP route or assume full arbitrary-file-read capability.
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Severity by source
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P
Remote, no auth and no interaction per the reported vector; a path-traversal view resolver primarily discloses files, so C:L with I:N/A:N and no scope change.
Primary rating from Vendor (VulDB).
CVSS VectorVendor: VulDB
Lifecycle Timeline
1DescriptionCVE.org
A flaw has been found in halo-dev halo up to 2.27.0-beta.1. Affected by this vulnerability is the function run.halo.app.theme.DefaultViewNameResolver.resolveViewNameOrDefault of the file application/src/main/java/run/halo/app/theme/DefaultViewNameResolver.java of the component View Name Resolver. Executing a manipulation of the argument template can lead to path traversal. The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit has been published and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
Threat Intelligence Overview
How this decision was reached
The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.
What every action level means
SSVC AssessmentENISA
Priority Score
Attack Technique
Path traversal exploits occur when applications use user-controlled input to construct file system paths without proper validation.
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EUVD-2026-109609
GHSA-jxv2-266f-6xgq
NVD
CVE.org
EPSS
Vulnrichment
VulDB
Exploit-DB