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Oracle BPM Suite EUVDEUVD-2026-106475

| CVE-2026-91220 CRITICAL
Improper Authentication (CWE-287)
2026-10-20 secalert_us@oracle.com GHSA-5cqg-m39q-mw7f
9.8
CVSS 3.1 · Vendor: oracle
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Attack ChainAIDerived

Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain

  1. Access
    Identify reachable Oracle BPM Suite HTTP endpoint
  2. Exploit
    Send crafted HTTP request to Human Workflow component
  3. Execution
    Exploit unauthenticated flaw
  4. Impact
    Achieve full product takeover

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A07:2025 - Authentication Failures
ASVS 5.0
V6 - Authentication Authentication mechanism validation
MITRE ATT&CK

2 techniques across 2 tactics: Defense Evasion, Initial Access

The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up.

Exploitation Conditions

No special conditions - remote unauthenticated exploitation over HTTP against the Human Workflow component of Oracle Business Process Management Suite versions 12.2.1.4.0 and 14.1.2.0.0 (CVSS AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N). The only practical limiting factor is network reachability: the affected BPM Suite HTTP interface must be accessible to the attacker. No authentication, no user interaction, and no non-default configuration are required per the provided data, so instances exposed to untrusted networks or the internet are at greatest risk while those isolated behind network segmentation are less exposed.

Impact

This is a genuine high-priority vulnerability, not a high-CVSS-but-low-real-risk case. The CVSS 3.1 vector (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N) describes the most dangerous possible exposure: network-reachable over HTTP, low attack complexity, no privileges, and no user interaction, with full Confidentiality/Integrity/Availability impact (C:H/I:H/A:H) resulting in complete product takeover. Oracle's own text reinforces this by calling it 'easily exploitable.' However, several corroborating signals are MISSING from the provided data: there is no EPSS exploitation-probability score, no CISA KEV listing, and no POC indicator, so exploitation likelihood cannot be quantified beyond the CVSS-implied ease. Accordingly: no public exploit identified at time of analysis, and the vulnerability is NOT confirmed as actively exploited. No SSVC decision data was supplied. The CVSS vector and description are internally consistent (both indicate unauthenticated network/HTTP access), so there is no contradiction to resolve, but the absence of EPSS/KEV means real-world exploitation frequency is unverified - the priority rests on severity and ease, not on evidence of in-the-wild activity. Given that this is an Oracle Critical Patch Update item for internet-reachable middleware, defenders should treat it as high priority and patch promptly despite the lack of exploitation telemetry.

Exploit ScenarioDerived

An unauthenticated attacker with network access sends a crafted HTTP request to the Human Workflow component of an exposed Oracle Business Process Management Suite instance, exploiting the flaw to gain full control of the product. Because no privileges or user interaction are required and attack complexity is low, the attack can be launched directly against any reachable endpoint. No public exploit code has been identified at the time of analysis.

Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Why: CRITICAL severity.
No patch listed yet 0.5% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Oct 20, 2026

Unauthenticated remote takeover of Oracle Business Process Management Suite 12.2.1.4.0 and 14.1.2.0.0 is possible through the Human Workflow component exposed over HTTP. The CVSS 3.1 score is 9.8 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H), meaning no credentials, user interaction, or non-default configuration are required beyond network reachability. No public exploit code or CISA KEV entry was identified at time of analysis, but Oracle's October 2026 Critical Patch Update advisory is the authoritative fix source.

RemediationAI

Apply the Oracle Fusion Middleware fixes published in the Oracle Critical Patch Update for October 2026 at https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpuoct2026.html; patch availability is indicated by that vendor advisory, but exact patched build numbers are not provided in the available data, so validate the target release with Oracle's CPU documentation before upgrading. Until patching is complete, reduce exposure by restricting network access to BPM Suite HTTP interfaces and Human Workflow endpoints to trusted users or integration hosts using firewalls, security groups, or a reverse proxy/WAF; the trade-off is that legitimate remote workflow clients and integrations may need allowlisting. Disable or block unused Human Workflow task, approval, and REST/SOAP endpoints where business processes permit; this reduces attack surface but can break in-flight workflows and approval automation. Monitor BPM Suite and Human Workflow logs for anomalous unauthenticated requests, and prioritize internet-facing instances for emergency patching given the PR:N/AC:L vector.

Affected VersionsENISA

Oracle Business Process Management Suite 14.1.2.0.0
Oracle Business Process Management Suite 12.2.1.4.0

Affected Packages

euvd oracle_business_process_management_suite no fix

Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)

Affects your stack

Affects 1 package in euvd

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

Oracle Business Process Management Suite is part of Oracle Fusion Middleware and provides process modeling, execution, and human-centric workflow services; the Human Workflow component manages task assignments, approvals, and related HTTP-exposed services. The flaw is remotely reachable over HTTP and, per the CVSS vector, requires no privileges (PR:N) and no user interaction (UI:N), while scope is unchanged and confidentiality, integrity, and availability impacts are all High. Oracle did not publish a CWE mapping in the provided data, so the precise root-cause class, such as authentication bypass, unsafe deserialization, or injection, is not confirmed; the vendor advisory should be consulted for technical detail. The supplied tag 'Information Disclosure' is narrower than the assessed impact of full takeover, so defenders should plan for integrity and availability consequences rather than data exposure alone.

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Severity by source

Vendor (oracle) PRIMARY 9.8 CRITICAL
AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
vuln.today AI 9.8 CRITICAL

Oracle describes unauthenticated HTTP-based, easily exploitable takeover, so AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N with full C/I/A impact and unchanged scope.

3.1 AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
4.0 AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Primary rating from Vendor (oracle).

CVSS VectorVendor: oracle

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
Low
Privileges Required
None
User Interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
High
Integrity
High
Availability
High

DescriptionCVE.org

Vulnerability in the Oracle Business Process Management Suite product of Oracle Fusion Middleware (component: Human Workflow). Supported versions that are affected are 12.2.1.4.0 and 14.1.2.0.0. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with network access via HTTP to compromise Oracle Business Process Management Suite. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in takeover of Oracle Business Process Management Suite. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 9.8 (Confidentiality, Integrity and Availability impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

Executive ViewAI

Why It Matters

Oracle Business Process Management Suite versions 12.2.1.4.0 and 14.1.2.0.0 present a critical unauthenticated remote takeover exposure through the Human Workflow component, putting business process data and workflow operations at risk of full compromise for any deployment reachable over HTTP. No public exploit identified at time of analysis; however, no vendor-released patch identified at time of analysis, so leadership should prioritize immediate containment and monitoring of affected BPM environments.

Business Impact: High
Compensating Controls

No vendor-released patch identified at time of analysis. Interim mitigations include restricting network access to Human Workflow HTTP endpoints to trusted networks, deploying WAF or virtual patching rules, disabling the Human Workflow component where not required, enabling detailed logging and monitoring, and segmenting Oracle BPM Suite deployments to limit lateral movement.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.5%
Top 59% exploitable
Prevalence
Medium
enterprise Oracle Fusion Middleware, common in large orgs but not everywhere
Data Quality
5 sources
Confidence: Medium

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity CRITICAL
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS 0.5%
Patch available No
Active threat No
Deciding rule
CRITICAL severity
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived
Scheduled
Exploitation· derived
None
System Exposure· derived
Open
Automatable· derived
Yes
Human Impact
High

Priority Score

49
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +49
PoC: 0
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

Authentication bypass attacks exploit flaws in the verification mechanisms that control access to systems and applications.

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