Attack ChainAIDerived
Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain
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AccessAuthenticate with low-privilege account
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ExploitSubmit crafted SQL injection payload
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ExecutionBackend executes injected SQL query
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ImpactRead, modify, or delete database contents
Vulnerability Assessment
| Weakness |
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A05:2025 - Injection
ASVS 5.0
V1 - Encoding and Sanitization Parameterized queries, prepared statements
MITRE ATT&CK
2 techniques across 2 tactics: Initial Access, Persistence The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up. |
| Exploitation Conditions | Exploitation requires a valid authenticated session on BA-Workflow (CVSS PR:L), so the attacker must hold or obtain low-privilege application credentials - this is the primary limiting factor. Given AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/UI:N, once authenticated the attack is remote, low-complexity, needs no special configuration, and requires no victim interaction; the SQL injection appears reachable through normal authenticated application input rather than a non-default feature. The description does not name the specific vulnerable parameter, endpoint, or feature, so the exact injectable input is not confirmed from available data. No evidence that a non-default deployment mode is needed. |
| Impact | The input provides a CVSS 4.0 vector (CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H) scoring 8.7, indicating a network-reachable, low-complexity attack with no attack requirements, requiring low privileges (PR:L - i.e., an authenticated but not necessarily high-privileged account) and no user interaction, with high impact to confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the vulnerable system (no scope/subsequent-system impact). This is consistent with CWE-89 SQL Injection and the description, which states authenticated remote attackers can read, modify, and delete database contents. No EPSS score is provided, this CVE is not listed in CISA KEV, and no POC/exploit code is referenced - so there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and no evidence of active exploitation. The practical risk is therefore moderated by two factors: (1) authentication is required (PR:L), so an attacker needs valid credentials or an account on the application, which narrows the attacker population to insiders, credential-phishing/stuffing success, or chained access; and (2) the affected product, BA-Workflow by YS-infoware, appears to be a niche, likely Taiwan-regional workflow product (reported by TWCERT), limiting the exposed attack surface across the global install base. Signals are internally consistent - there is no conflict between the CVSS vector and the description. The main uncertainty is the absence of EPSS/KEV/POC data, which means exploitation likelihood cannot be quantified; treat this as a genuine high-severity flaw for organizations actually running BA-Workflow, but not a broad, mass-exploitation priority given its limited footprint and authentication requirement. |
| Exploit ScenarioDerived | An attacker with a valid low-privilege BA-Workflow account (or who has obtained credentials via phishing or reuse) sends a crafted request to a vulnerable application parameter over the network, injecting SQL that the backend executes against the database. Because the flaw grants read, modify, and delete access to database contents, the attacker can exfiltrate sensitive records, tamper with workflow data, or destroy tables. No public exploit code is identified at time of analysis, and no user interaction is required (AC:L/UI:N), so exploitation is straightforward once authenticated. |
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Alert meAnalysisAIv1 – Oct 20, 2026
SQL injection in BA-Workflow (YS-infoware) allows authenticated remote attackers with low privileges to inject arbitrary SQL statements and read, modify, or delete database contents. The CVSS 4.0 score is 8.7 (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N), reflecting network reachability, low complexity, no attack requirements, low-privilege authentication, no user interaction, and high confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact. No public exploit identified at time of analysis.
RemediationAI
No vendor-released patch identified at time of analysis; consult the TWcert advisories at https://www.twcert.org.tw/en/cp-139-11299-0cbfd-2.html and https://www.twcert.org.tw/tw/cp-132-11298-d9dd5-1.html for updated fixed-version information. Until a patch is available, restrict network access to BA-Workflow to trusted users and networks, enforce strong authentication and least privilege because exploitation requires a valid low-privilege session, and deploy WAF rules to detect and block SQL injection patterns in authenticated requests (trade-off: possible false positives and tuning effort). Review application code for parameterized queries and input validation, and monitor database and application logs for anomalous SQL; if a specific vulnerable feature is later identified, disable it until patched (trade-off: reduced functionality).
Affected VersionsENISA
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Technical ContextAI · show details
BA-Workflow is a workflow application from YS-infoware; the affected-product CPE cpe:2.3:a:ys-infoware:ba-workflow:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* uses a wildcard version, so all versions are presumed vulnerable unless the vendor states otherwise. The root cause is CWE-89 (SQL Injection), which occurs when untrusted input is concatenated into SQL queries without proper parameterization or escaping, letting an attacker alter query logic. The assessed CVSS 3.1 vector AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H and the reported CVSS 4.0 vector both indicate a remotely reachable, low-complexity attack that requires a valid low-privileged authenticated session but no user interaction; the vulnerable parameter or endpoint is not named in the available data, so the exact injectable input remains unconfirmed.
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Severity by source
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
Network-reachable SQLi requiring an authenticated low-privilege account (PR:L), low complexity and no interaction; full read/modify/delete yields C:H/I:H/A:H with no scope change.
Primary rating from Vendor (twcert).
CVSS VectorVendor: twcert
DescriptionCVE.org
BA-Workflow developed by YS-infoware has a SQL Injection vulnerability. Authenticated remote attackers can inject arbitrary SQL statements to read, modify, and delete database contents.
Executive ViewAI
BA-Workflow (YS-infoware) contains a high-severity database injection vulnerability that allows authenticated low-privilege users to read, alter, or delete application data. Because the flaw affects confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the underlying database, a malicious or compromised low-privilege account could expose sensitive records, corrupt business information, or disrupt workflow operations. Leadership should prioritize containment and vendor engagement because no vendor-released patch is currently available and the product may support important business processes.
No vendor-released patch identified at time of analysis; interim mitigations include restricting network access to BA-Workflow, enforcing least-privilege accounts and MFA, reviewing database permissions, enabling database activity monitoring and alerting for anomalous SQL, deploying WAF or input-validation controls where feasible, segmenting the application and database, and maintaining tested backups.
Threat Intelligence Overview
How this decision was reached
The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.
What every action level means
SSVC AssessmentENISA
Priority Score
Attack Technique
SQL injection exploits the way applications construct database queries by mixing user input directly into SQL statements.
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SQL injection in YS-infoware BA-Workflow lets authenticated remote attackers execute arbitrary SQL statements, enabling
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