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FastBee EUVDEUVD-2026-103076

| CVE-2026-111654 MEDIUM
Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key (CWE-639)
2026-10-16 VulnCheck GHSA-gm3x-2x46-fc3v
5.3
CVSS 4.0 · Vendor: VulnCheck
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Attack ChainAIDerived

Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain

  1. Access
    Self-register low-privilege account
  2. Delivery
    Authenticate to FastBee API
  3. Exploit
    Enumerate sequential group IDs
  4. Execution
    Call GroupController lacking owner check
  5. Impact
    Read/overwrite/reassign/delete victim groups

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A01:2025 - Broken Access Control
ASVS 5.0
V8 - Authorization Object-level authorization, IDOR prevention
Exploitation Conditions

Requires a valid authenticated FastBee account at low privilege; because the product supports self-registration, any unauthenticated party can obtain such an account, so the authentication barrier is minimal in practice. The attacker needs network access to the GroupController REST endpoints (controller lines 70-137) on a FastBee instance at version 2.1.0 or earlier, and exploits the fact that GroupServiceImpl/GroupMapper queries omit an owner/tenant check, allowing supplied sequential group IDs to resolve to arbitrary users' groups. Limiting factors: exploitation is confined to device-group objects (read, overwrite, reassign device associations, or delete) and does not yield code execution or full account takeover; it also requires that the deployment not have added a compensating ownership/ACL control.

Impact

This is a genuine but moderate-priority authorization flaw, not a critical remote-code issue. The provided CVSS 4.0 vector (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N) with base score 5.3 tells a consistent story: the vulnerable GroupController endpoints are reachable over the network with low attack complexity, require only low-privilege authentication, and need no user interaction - and because FastBee permits self-registration, that PR:L barrier is effectively trivial to clear. The impact metrics are all 'Low' (VC:L/VI:L/VA:L) and scope-subsequent impacts are None, correctly reflecting that damage is confined to other users' device-group objects rather than full system compromise. No EPSS score, CISA KEV entry, or SSVC decision data was supplied in the input, so exploitation-probability and automatability signals cannot be weighed here; the absence of a KEV listing and of any POC=YES flag means there is no confirmed active exploitation. Note a mild signal tension: the input includes no EPSS value at all, so I cannot compare predicted exploitation likelihood against the KEV/POC signals - treat exploitation likelihood as unquantified. The one caveat defenders should verify: the public hackmd write-up and VulnCheck advisory describe the vulnerable code paths in detail, which lowers the practical bar to developing an exploit even though no packaged exploit code is flagged in this data.

Exploit ScenarioDerived

An attacker self-registers a low-privilege FastBee account, authenticates to the API, and then iterates sequential numeric group IDs against GroupController endpoints that perform no owner check, reading and tampering with device groups belonging to other tenants. No packaged proof-of-concept is flagged in the input, but the VulnCheck advisory and a public hackmd write-up detail the exact vulnerable controller, service, and mapper code paths, making exploitation straightforward to reproduce.

This Month Plan within 30 days. Why: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9).
No patch listed yet 0.3% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Oct 16, 2026

Insecure direct object reference (IDOR) in FastBee through 2.1.0 allows authenticated low-privilege users-including self-registered accounts-to read, overwrite, reassign device associations of, or delete other users' device groups by supplying sequential group IDs, because GroupController queries omit owner/tenant checks. This is a moderate-severity authorization flaw (CVSS 5.3) confined to device-group objects, with no code execution or full account takeover. No public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis, and the issue is not listed in CISA KEV.

RemediationAI

No vendor-released patch identified at time of analysis. To remediate, add owner/tenant checks in the GroupController endpoints (lines 70-137) so that each request validates that the authenticated user owns the supplied group ID before any read, update, reassign, or delete operation; correspondingly, update GroupServiceImpl (lines 37-143) and GroupMapper.xml (lines 36-109) to include a userId filter in every query. As compensating controls, restrict network access to the group-management REST endpoints using an API gateway or firewall rules (trade-off: may impact legitimate administrative workflows), disable self-registration if not required (trade-off: blocks new user onboarding), and deploy WAF rules to detect and block sequential group ID enumeration on the affected endpoints (trade-off: potential false positives and limited coverage of legitimate ID patterns). Review the VulnCheck advisory (https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/fastbee-through-2.1.0-idor-via-iot-group-by-id-endpoints) and the public source references for patch guidance, and monitor logs for anomalous group ID access patterns until a fix is applied.

Affected VersionsENISA

FastBee 0 ≤2.1.0

Affected Packages

euvd fastbee no fix

Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)

Affects your stack

Affects 1 package in euvd

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

CWE-639 (Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key) in the FastBee open-source IoT platform, which is built on Spring Boot and Java with MyBatis data access. The vulnerability resides in the GroupController REST endpoints (lines 70-137 of the v2.1.0 source) that accept user-supplied group IDs and pass them to GroupServiceImpl (lines 37-143), which in turn invokes GroupMapper.xml queries (lines 36-109). These queries lack an owner or tenant filter, so any authenticated low-privilege user can supply sequential group IDs to resolve and manipulate groups belonging to other users. The CVSS 4.0 vector indicates PR:L, meaning a valid account is required, but FastBee supports self-registration, so any unauthenticated party can obtain such an account, minimizing the practical authentication barrier. The CPE string cpe:2.3:a:kerwincui:fastbee:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* confirms the affected product is kerwincui FastBee, and the flaw is a horizontal privilege escalation limited to device-group objects; it does not yield remote code execution, full account takeover, or access outside the group management scope.

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Severity by source

Vendor (VulnCheck) PRIMARY 5.3 MEDIUM
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
vuln.today AI 6.3 MEDIUM

Network API reachable with low complexity, but a (self-registerable) low-privilege account is required, so PR:L; impact is limited to other users' group data, hence C/I/A each Low.

3.1 AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L
4.0 AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Primary rating from Vendor (VulnCheck).

CVSS VectorVendor: VulnCheck

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
Low
Attack Requirements
None
Privileges Required
Low
User Interaction
None
Vulnerable system: Confidentiality
Low
Vulnerable system: Integrity
Low
Vulnerable system: Availability
Low
Subsequent system: Confidentiality
None
Subsequent system: Integrity
None
Subsequent system: Availability
None

DescriptionCVE.org

FastBee through 2.1.0 contains an insecure direct object reference vulnerability that allows authenticated low-privilege users to access other users' device groups because GroupController queries lack owner checks. Attackers, including self-registered users, can supply sequential group IDs to read, overwrite, reassign, rewrite device associations of, or delete other users' groups.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.3%
Top 84% exploitable
Prevalence
Low
niche open-source IoT platform, limited enterprise deployment footprint
Data Quality
5 sources
Confidence: Medium

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity MEDIUM
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS 0.3%
Patch available No
Active threat No
Deciding rule
MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived
Scheduled
Exploitation· derived
None
System Exposure· derived
Open
Automatable· derived
No
Human Impact· derived
Medium

Priority Score

26
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +26
PoC: 0
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

Authentication bypass attacks exploit flaws in the verification mechanisms that control access to systems and applications.

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