Attack ChainAIDerived
Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain
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AccessCraft malicious graph.nnef with ../ labels
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DeliveryDeliver model to victim (share/publish)
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ExploitVictim converts or saves weights
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ExecutionLibrary writes .dat outside model dir
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ImpactOverwrite or plant files on disk
Vulnerability Assessment
| Weakness |
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A01:2025 - Broken Access Control
ASVS 5.0
V5 - File Handling Path canonicalization, traversal prevention
MITRE ATT&CK
2 techniques across 2 tactics: Discovery, Collection The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up. |
| Exploitation Conditions | Exploitation requires that a victim process an attacker-supplied NNEF model (a graph.nnef whose variable labels contain '../' sequences or absolute paths) by invoking a convert, save, or weight-generation operation in nnef or nnef-tools - this is the exact triggering feature. Limiting factors: the attack is local (AV:L) and requires user interaction (UI:P), so the attacker cannot act remotely or autonomously; the victim must obtain and deliberately open/process the malicious model, and impact is bounded to file paths writable by the user running the tool. No special product configuration is needed beyond normal use of the affected versions (nnef ≤1.0.10, nnef-tools ≤1.0.11). |
| Impact | This is a genuinely medium/low-priority issue despite a publicly available POC. The vendor-supplied CVSS 4.0 vector (AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N) scores 4.8, driven by a local attack vector and required user interaction (UI:P) with only limited integrity impact (VI:L) and no confidentiality or availability impact. This is not a remote code execution primitive - it is a file write/overwrite primitive that fires only when a victim actively converts, saves, or generates weights from an attacker-supplied NNEF model. No CISA KEV listing and no EPSS score were provided in the input, so there is no evidence of active or widespread exploitation; the only exploitation signal is a publicly available POC (hackmd writeup) reported by VulnCheck. Signals are consistent rather than conflicting: low severity, local vector, and user-interaction dependence all point to a targeted/opportunistic social-engineering risk (malicious model file) rather than mass exploitation. The realistic concern is overwriting or planting '.dat' files outside the intended model directory, which could corrupt data or, in the worst case, overwrite files the user has write access to. |
| Exploit ScenarioDerived | An attacker publishes or shares a malicious NNEF model whose graph.nnef contains variable labels with '../' sequences or absolute paths. When a victim loads that model and converts, saves, or generates weights using nnef/nnef-tools, the library writes '.dat' files to attacker-controlled paths outside the model directory, overwriting existing files the user can write. A public POC demonstrating the path traversal exists. |
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Alert meAnalysisAIv1 – Oct 14, 2026
Path traversal in the Khronos NNEF Python tooling allows a local, unauthenticated attacker to create or overwrite .dat weight files outside the intended model directory when a victim converts, saves, or generates weights from a crafted graph.nnef. The flaw affects nnef through 1.0.10 and nnef-tools through 1.0.11 and is triggered by '../' sequences or absolute paths embedded in variable labels, an operation the tool performs as part of its normal workflow. Impact is limited to low-severity file integrity loss within paths writable by the user running the tool, and exploitation requires the victim to open an attacker-supplied model; publicly available exploit code exists, but there is no evidence of confirmed active exploitation (the issue is not in CISA KEV).
RemediationAI
No vendor-released patch version was specified in the available intelligence at time of analysis, so operators should monitor the Khronos NNEF-Tools repository at https://github.com/KhronosGroup/NNEF-Tools and the VulnCheck advisory at https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/khronos-nnef-tools-nnef-through-1.0.10-and-nnef-tools-through-1.0.11-path-traversal-via-variable-label for an upstream fix, and upgrade as soon as a corrected release is confirmed. Until then, apply specific compensating controls: treat every externally supplied graph.nnef as untrusted and pre-scan variable labels for '../' sequences or absolute paths, rejecting such models before conversion, or patch the label-to-path logic in nnef-pyproject/nnef/__init__.py to strip directory components (for example reduce each label to its basename) before opening output .dat files, with the trade-off that legitimate labels containing directory-like separators will no longer round-trip faithfully. Run conversions of untrusted models inside a container or sandbox with a read-only root filesystem and a single writable output directory owned by an unprivileged user; this constrains writes to the sandbox but may break workflows that expect to write weights elsewhere. Because the attack requires user interaction and a local vector, limiting who can supply models to the conversion pipeline and verifying model provenance reduces exposure with minimal functional impact.
Affected VersionsENISA
Affected Packages
Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)
Affects your stack
Affects 2 packages in euvd
Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.
Technical ContextAI · show details
NNEF (Neural Network Exchange Format) is a Khronos standard for exchanging trained neural network models, and the nnef Python package plus the nnef-tools command-line utility parse a textual graph.nnef that references tensor data stored in separate .dat files keyed by variable labels. The root cause is CWE-22: labels taken from the untrusted model file are concatenated into output paths without validating for '../' sequences or absolute paths, so a crafted label causes writes outside the model directory; the relevant label-handling logic is referenced upstream at nnef-pyproject/nnef/__init__.py line 87 of commit 0bb9c04fcf69c19e0aefa1ba9bf65f05478c8f81. The CPE entries cpe:2.3:a:khronos_group:nnef and cpe:2.3:a:khronos_group:nnef-tools carry wildcard versions, consistent with the reported affected ranges nnef <=1.0.10 and nnef-tools <=1.0.11. The independent assessment (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N) confirms a local vector requiring user interaction, with no confidentiality or availability impact and only limited integrity loss, matching the described requirement that the victim open and process a malicious model.
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Severity by source
CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
Local because a victim must process an attacker-supplied file (UI:R), no privileges needed (PR:N), only partial integrity impact from arbitrary .dat file writes; no confidentiality or availability impact.
Primary rating from Vendor (VulnCheck).
CVSS VectorVendor: VulnCheck
DescriptionCVE.org
Khronos NNEF-Tools nnef through 1.0.10 and nnef-tools through 1.0.11 contain a path traversal vulnerability that allows attackers to write files outside the model directory via crafted variable labels. Attackers can supply a graph.nnef with '../' sequences or absolute paths in labels to create or overwrite '.dat' files when users convert, save, or generate weights.
Threat Intelligence Overview
How this decision was reached
The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.
What every action level means
SSVC AssessmentENISA
Priority Score
Attack Technique
Path traversal exploits occur when applications use user-controlled input to construct file system paths without proper validation.
EUVD-2026-101130
GHSA-3m64-wpw6-whjx
NVD
CVE.org
EPSS
Vulnrichment
Exploit-DB