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Attack ChainAIDerived

Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain

  1. Access
    Obtain low-privileged local access
  2. Exploit
    Abuse improper access control in HGS
  3. Execution
    Tamper with HGS-managed state
  4. Impact
    Undermine host integrity/attestation

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
ASVS 5.0
V8 - Authorization Unnecessary privilege execution
Exploitation Conditions

Exploitation requires the Host Guardian Service (HGS) role to be deployed - a specific Windows Server feature used in guarded-fabric/shielded-VM environments - and the attacker must already possess valid low-level local privileges (CVSS PR:L) and local access (AV:L) to that host; no user interaction is needed. Limiting factors that reduce realistic risk: the flaw is not remotely reachable, it requires prior authenticated access rather than anonymous exploitation, it only affects HGS deployments (not generic Windows installs), and it is confined to integrity tampering with no confidentiality or availability impact. Patched builds are available per the affected-version ranges (e.g., Windows Server 2025 <10.0.26100.33650, Windows 11 24H2 <10.0.26100.9711).

Impact

This is a moderate-severity, low-priority issue rather than an urgent threat. The CVSS 3.1 vector (AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N, base 5.5) describes a locally-exploitable tampering flaw requiring the attacker to already hold valid (low) privileges on the host; there is no confidentiality or availability impact, only integrity. These signals are internally consistent and corroborated by CISA's SSVC decision framework (Exploitation: none, Automatable: no, Technical Impact: partial), which independently points to a non-urgent disposition. No CISA KEV listing is present, no EPSS score was supplied in the input (missing data, not an error), and no public proof-of-concept is referenced - so there is no evidence of active or likely imminent exploitation. The CWE-250 (execution with unnecessary privileges) classification aligns with an access-control/privilege-escalation weakness in the Host Guardian Service. In short: a real but low-urgency local integrity issue, not a high-CVSS-but-overstated finding and not a drop-everything emergency; patch on a normal cadence. No signals are in direct conflict; the main gap is the absent EPSS value, which prevents a quantitative exploitation-probability cross-check.

Exploit ScenarioDerived

An attacker who has already obtained low-privileged authenticated access to a Windows server running the Host Guardian Service abuses improper access control to tamper with HGS-managed data or state locally, potentially undermining the integrity of guarded-fabric/shielded-VM attestation decisions. No public exploit code is referenced, and because the attack vector is local with no user interaction required, exploitation hinges on the attacker first gaining a foothold on the host.

This Month Plan within 30 days. Why: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9).
Patch available 0.2% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Oct 14, 2026

Tampering of Windows Host Guardian Service (HGS) configuration and attestation-related data is possible for an authenticated local attacker on hosts where the HGS role is deployed, yielding high integrity impact with no loss of confidentiality or availability. Rated CVSS 5.5 (AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N) under CWE-250, this is a moderate-severity, low-priority issue rather than an urgent threat: Microsoft has released patched builds, no public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis, and CISA's SSVC decision framework records Exploitation: none and Automatable: no. Exposure is narrow, confined to guarded-fabric/shielded-VM environments where the HGS server role is installed rather than to general Windows installations.

RemediationAI

Install the Microsoft security update referenced by the MSRC advisory for CVE-2026-87709 (https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2026-87709); the affected-version ranges define the fixed build thresholds, so bring Windows Server 2025 to 10.0.26100.33650 or later, Windows Server 2022 to 10.0.20348.5761 or later, Windows Server 2019 and Windows 10 1809 to 10.0.17763.9376 or later, Windows 10 21H2/22H2 to 10.0.19044.7807 or later, Windows 11 23H2 to 10.0.22631.7652 or later, Windows 11 24H2/25H2/26H2 to 10.0.26100.9711, 10.0.26200.9711, or 10.0.26300.9711 respectively, and Windows 11 26H1 to 10.0.28000.3231 or later. Because exploitation requires local access plus low-level credentials on an HGS host, prioritize patching the attestation servers themselves - they are the only systems where the vulnerable role is present - and treat the wider client builds in the list as part of the same servicing train. Until patched builds are deployed, reduce the attack surface by removing the Host Guardian Service role from hosts that do not strictly need it (trade-off: guarded fabric and shielded-VM attestation stop working there), by restricting interactive and remote logon rights on HGS servers to the minimum administrative accounts so that PR:L access is hard to obtain (trade-off: tighter operational constraints on fabric administrators), and by monitoring the HGS service and its attestation/key-protector state for unexpected modification given the integrity-only impact. Microsoft's advisory is the authoritative source for rollout sequencing and any interim guidance; no vendor workaround beyond patching has been published.

Affected VersionsENISA

Windows Server 2019 (Server Core installation) 10.0.17763.0 <10.0.17763.9376
Windows Server 2025 (Server Core installation) 10.0.26100.0 <10.0.26100.33650
Windows 11 Version 25H2 10.0.26200.0 <10.0.26200.9711
Windows Server 2025 10.0.26100.0 <10.0.26100.33650
Windows 10 Version 1809 10.0.17763.0 <10.0.17763.9376
Windows 10 Version 21H2 10.0.19044.0 <10.0.19044.7807
Windows 11 version 26H1 10.0.28000.0 <10.0.28000.3231
Windows Server 2022 10.0.20348.0 <10.0.20348.5761
Windows 11 Version 24H2 10.0.26100.0 <10.0.26100.9711
Windows Server 2019 10.0.17763.0 <10.0.17763.9376
Windows 10 Version 22H2 10.0.19045.0 <10.0.19044.7807
Windows 11 Version 26H2 10.0.26300.0 <10.0.26300.9711
Windows 11 Version 23H2 10.0.22631.0 <10.0.22631.7652

Affected Packages

euvd windows_10_version_1809 fix: 10.0.17763.9376
euvd windows_10_version_21h2 fix: 10.0.19044.7807
euvd windows_10_version_22h2 fix: 10.0.19044.7807
euvd windows_11_version_23h2 fix: 10.0.22631.7652
euvd windows_11_version_24h2 fix: 10.0.26100.9711
euvd windows_11_version_25h2 fix: 10.0.26200.9711
euvd windows_11_version_26h1 fix: 10.0.28000.3231
euvd windows_11_version_26h2 fix: 10.0.26300.9711
euvd windows_server_2019 fix: 10.0.17763.9376
euvd windows_server_2019_server_core_installation fix: 10.0.17763.9376
euvd windows_server_2022 fix: 10.0.20348.5761
euvd windows_server_2025 fix: 10.0.26100.33650
euvd windows_server_2025_server_core_installation fix: 10.0.26100.33650

Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)

Affects your stack

Affects 13 packages in euvd

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Technical ContextAI · show details

The Host Guardian Service is the Windows Server role that underpins guarded fabric, providing attestation services (TPM and host key attestation) and key protection for shielded VMs and the shielded-VM key protector. Because HGS exposes operational interfaces to local callers while running with elevated service privileges, CWE-250 (Execution with Unnecessary Privileges) is the relevant root-cause class: the service performs operations on behalf of lower-privileged local users without adequate access-control separation, letting an attacker who already holds valid low-level credentials (CVSS PR:L) and local presence (AV:L) alter HGS state or data. The vector shows no user interaction (UI:N), scope unchanged (S:U), and impact only to integrity (I:H) with C:N/A:N, so the flaw is not remotely reachable and is not a path to confidentiality loss, availability disruption, or code execution. Affected builds span Windows Server 2019 through Windows Server 2025 and Windows 10 1809/21H2/22H2 plus Windows 11 23H2, 24H2, 25H2, 26H1, and 26H2, per the ENISA EUVD version ranges and confirmed by the Microsoft MSRC update guide.

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  • Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources

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Severity by source

Vendor (microsoft) PRIMARY 5.5 MEDIUM
AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N
vuln.today AI 5.5 MEDIUM

Local access and prior low privileges are required to tamper with HGS, so AV:L/PR:L; only integrity is affected (I:H), with no confidentiality or availability impact.

3.1 AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N
4.0 AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Primary rating from Vendor (microsoft).

CVSS VectorVendor: microsoft

Attack Vector
Local
Attack Complexity
Low
Privileges Required
Low
User Interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
None
Integrity
High
Availability
None

Lifecycle Timeline

2
Patch available
Oct 13, 2026 - 20:20 EUVD
CVE Published
Oct 13, 2026 - 19:21 cve.org
MEDIUM 5.5

DescriptionCVE.org

Improper access control in Windows Host Guardian Service allows an authorized attacker to perform tampering locally.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.2%
Top 85% exploitable
Prevalence
Low
Host Guardian Service is a niche shielded-VM/guarded-fabric role, rarely deployed
Vendor Status
Publicly Disclosed:No
Exploited:No
Latest Software Release:Exploitation Less Likely
Data Quality
5 sources
Confidence: Medium

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity MEDIUM
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS 0.2%
Patch available Yes
Active threat No
Deciding rule
MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived
Defer
Exploitation
None
System Exposure· derived
Small
Automatable
No
Human Impact· derived
Medium
Technical Impact
Partial

Priority Score

28
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +28
PoC: 0
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

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