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GPAC MP4Box EUVDEUVD-2025-211112

| CVE-2025-55653 MEDIUM
Divide By Zero (CWE-369)
2026-10-16 mitre GHSA-8r7h-84x7-5m9j
5.5
CVSS 3.1 · Vendor: mitre
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Attack ChainAIDerived

Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain

  1. Access
    Craft MP4 with zero-denominator fraction
  2. Delivery
    Deliver file to victim or pipeline
  3. Exploit
    MP4Box processes crafted file
  4. Execution
    gf_parse_lfrac divides by zero
  5. Impact
    Process terminates with SIGFPE (DoS)

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A10:2025 - Mishandling of Exceptional Conditions
ASVS 5.0
V16 - Security Logging and Error Handling Division safety checks
Exploitation Conditions

Requires a victim user or automated service to process an attacker-supplied crafted MP4 file whose fraction string contains a zero denominator, parsed by gf_parse_lfrac() in GPAC MP4Box v2.4. Exploitation is LOCAL (AV:L) and gated by user interaction (UI:R) - the malicious file must be opened/processed, so there is no remote or unauthenticated network trigger. Limiting factors: impact is confined to crashing the single MP4Box process (no code execution, no confidentiality or integrity impact), and the bug is fixed by vendor commit 4bbb6e5, so patched builds are not affected.

Impact

All signals converge on this being a LOW-priority, availability-only denial-of-service issue rather than a genuine security emergency. The provided CVSS 3.1 vector (AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H, base 5.5) is internally consistent with the description: exploitation is LOCAL and requires the victim to process an attacker-supplied file (UI:R), and the only impact is a process crash (C:N/I:N/A:H), matching CWE-369 (Divide by Zero) producing SIGFPE. EPSS is very low (0.16%, 4th percentile), and the CVE is NOT on the CISA KEV list, so there is no evidence of active exploitation - no public exploit identified at time of analysis. There is no privilege escalation, no code execution, and no data exposure; a single process dies and can be restarted. The one notable data conflict is the input Tags, which label this 'Information Disclosure' - that is incorrect, as the vulnerability is a pure availability/DoS flaw (C:N, I:N, A:H). A vendor fix exists (commit 4bbb6e5 adding overflow guards in gf_parse_lfrac), so remediation is straightforward. Net: a legitimately tracked bug worth patching during normal maintenance, but not an urgent, widely-weaponized threat.

Exploit ScenarioDerived

An attacker crafts a malicious MP4 file embedding a fraction string with a zero denominator and distributes it to a target (email, download, or an automated media-ingestion pipeline). When a user or service processes the file with GPAC MP4Box v2.4, gf_parse_lfrac() divides by zero and the process terminates with SIGFPE. No public exploit code is identified at time of analysis, though a proof-of-concept crafted file is implied by the referenced GitHub issue; impact is limited to a crash (denial of service).

This Month Plan within 30 days. Why: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9).
No patch listed yet 0.2% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Oct 21, 2026

Processing a crafted MP4 file with GPAC MP4Box 2.4 can terminate the tool with SIGFPE, because the fraction-string parser gf_parse_lfrac() in src/utils/error.c divides by a zero denominator supplied by the file's metadata. Only the single MP4Box process crashes; there is no code execution and no confidentiality or integrity impact (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H, 5.5). Exploitation is local and requires the victim or an automated pipeline to open the malicious file, EPSS is a negligible 0.16% (4th percentile), and there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis - an availability-only denial-of-service with LOW priority despite the media-parser context.

RemediationAI

Upstream fix available (PR/commit); released patched version not independently confirmed. Apply GPAC commit 4bbb6e5 (or a later release containing it) and rebuild MP4Box - the patch adds overflow guards in gf_parse_lfrac() and a NULL-string guard in DumpMovieInfo(), so cherry-picking the full commit is preferable to patching only one hunk. Until rebuilt, treat MP4Box as a crash-prone parser for untrusted media: in batch pipelines, wrap invocations in a supervisor that treats non-zero/SIGFPE exits as a rejected job and enforce ulimit -c 0 and a wall-clock timeout so a crash does not stall the queue; in interactive use, avoid running MP4Box -info or -dump operations on files from untrusted sources outside a sandbox or container with the filesystem read-only. Because the trigger is confined to a single process crash, existing input-validation and sandboxing layers around MP4Box (container isolation, non-root execution, memory/CPU cgroup limits) already provide adequate compensating control with no functional side effects on trusted media. Monitor https://github.com/gpac/gpac/issues/3247 for the release tag that formally ships the fix.

Affected VersionsENISA

n/a n/a

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Technical ContextAI · show details

MP4Box is the command-line swiss-army tool of the GPAC multimedia framework, written in C and used both interactively (MP4Box -info) and inside automated transcoding/packaging pipelines. The flaw is CWE-369 (divide by zero) in gf_parse_lfrac(), the helper in src/utils/error.c that converts textual fraction values such as "num/den" into a GF_Fraction64 structure. When a crafted MP4 carries a fraction string whose denominator is zero, the integer division inside the parser raises SIGFPE and aborts the process. The vendor commit 4bbb6e5 hardens this exact function with two pre-checks - returning GF_FALSE when frac->den would exceed GF_UINT64_MAX/10 and when the trailing-zero divisor exceeds GF_UINT_MAX/10 - which confirms the root cause class also encompasses integer overflow in the fraction accumulator, not just the literal zero denominator. The same commit additionally guards a NULL key.value.string before fprintf in applications/mp4box/filedump.c (GF_QT_KEY_UTF8_SORT case), a related NULL-dereference hardening in the movie-info dump path. Because the trigger is a parsed metadata string rather than a decoder buffer, the consequence is strictly process termination; the supplied CPE string is an unpopulated placeholder (n/a:n/a), so affected builds must be identified by GPAC release version or git commit rather than by CPE matching, and one source tag labelling this 'Information Disclosure' is inconsistent with the C:N vector and the crash-only impact described by the vendor fix.

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Severity by source

Vendor (mitre) PRIMARY 5.5 MEDIUM
AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
vuln.today AI 5.5 MEDIUM

File must be processed locally by the victim, so AV:L and UI:R with PR:N; divide-by-zero only crashes the process, so C:N/I:N/A:H.

3.1 AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
4.0 AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:A/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Primary rating from Vendor (mitre).

CVSS VectorVendor: mitre

Attack Vector
Local
Attack Complexity
Low
Privileges Required
None
User Interaction
Required
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
None
Integrity
None
Availability
High

Lifecycle Timeline

2
CVSS changed
Oct 20, 2026 - 20:22 NVD
5.5 (MEDIUM)
CVE Published
Oct 16, 2026 - 00:00 cve.org
UNKNOWN (no severity yet)

DescriptionCVE.org

GPAC MP4Box v2.4 was discovered to contain a floating point exception in the gf_parse_lfrac function (utils/error.c). Processing a crafted MP4 file containing a zero-denominator fraction string causes gf_parse_lfrac() to divide by zero, terminating the process with SIGFPE.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.2%
Top 96% exploitable
Prevalence
Medium
GPAC/MP4Box is a popular open-source multimedia tool, common in media pipelines
Data Quality
6 sources
Confidence: High

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity MEDIUM
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS 0.2%
Patch available No
Active threat No
Deciding rule
MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived
Defer
Exploitation· derived
None
System Exposure· derived
Small
Automatable· derived
No
Human Impact· derived
Medium

Priority Score

28
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +28
PoC: 0
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

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