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Roundcube EUVDEUVD-2025-16605

| CVE-2025-49113 CRITICAL
Deserialization of Untrusted Data (CWE-502)
2025-06-02 cve@mitre.org GHSA-8j8w-wwqc-x596
9.9
CVSS 3.1 · NVD
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Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A08:2025 - Software or Data Integrity Failures
ASVS 5.0
V1 - Encoding and Sanitization Safe deserialization, type allowlists
MITRE ATT&CK

2 techniques across 2 tactics: Execution, Initial Access

The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up.

Impact

CVSS 9.9 (Critical). EPSS 90.4% — near-certain exploitation. KEV-listed — actively exploited. Public PoC available. Patch available. Only requires basic email authentication. Roundcube is massively deployed worldwide. Mail server compromise = access to all mailboxes.

Exploit ScenarioDerived

An attacker with a valid email account on a Roundcube instance (which could be a free account from a hosting provider) sends a crafted request to the upload endpoint with a malicious _from parameter. Roundcube deserializes the attacker's payload, executing arbitrary PHP code on the server. The attacker gains: access to all email accounts on the server, ability to read/send email as any user, access to the server's filesystem and database, and potentially pivot access to other services on the same infrastructure.

Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Why: In CISA KEV with patch available.
Exploited in the wild (CISA KEV) Patch available 90.4% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Mar 14, 2026

Roundcube Webmail contains a critical PHP object deserialization vulnerability (CVE-2025-49113, CVSS 9.9) that allows authenticated users to achieve remote code execution through a crafted upload URL. With EPSS 90.4% and KEV listing, this vulnerability in one of the most widely deployed open-source webmail platforms enables any email user to compromise the mail server, accessing all hosted mailboxes.

Earlier versions of this analysis (1)
v1 Mar 14, 2026 - 16:47 CVSS 9.9

Roundcube Webmail fails to validate the _from parameter in upload URLs (CWE-502), allowing authenticated users to trigger PHP object deserialization that leads to remote code execution on the mail server.

RemediationAI

Upgrade Roundcube to 1.5.10+ or 1.6.11+ immediately. This is emergency priority given the 90% EPSS. If unable to patch, restrict access to the upload endpoint. Audit mail server for signs of compromise. Review recently sent emails for unauthorized access indicators.

Affected VersionsENISA

Webmail 0 <1.5.10
Webmail 1.6.0 <1.6.11

Affected Packages

composer roundcube/roundcubemail fix: 1.5.10, 1.6.11
euvd webmail fix: 1.5.10, 1.6.11

Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)

Affects your stack

Affects 2 packages in composer, euvd

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

The vulnerability exists in program/actions/settings/upload.php where the _from parameter from the URL is not validated before use. An authenticated user can inject a crafted value that triggers PHP's unserialize() on attacker-controlled data. Using POP (Property Oriented Programming) gadget chains available in Roundcube's codebase or dependencies, the attacker achieves arbitrary PHP code execution. Roundcube is one of the most deployed webmail solutions, used by hosting providers, enterprises, and government organizations.

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  • Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources

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Severity by source

NVD PRIMARY 9.9 CRITICAL
AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
Ubuntu HIGH
SUSE CRITICAL
Red Hat 9.9 CRITICAL

Primary rating from NVD.

CVSS VectorNVD

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
Low
Privileges Required
Low
User Interaction
None
Scope
Changed
Confidentiality
High
Integrity
High
Availability
High

Lifecycle Timeline

4
Patch released
Mar 14, 2026 - 16:47 nvd
Patch available
Added to CISA KEV
Feb 23, 2026 - 13:24 cisa
CISA KEV
PoC Detected
Feb 23, 2026 - 13:24 vuln.today
Public exploit code
CVE Published
Jun 02, 2025 - 05:15 nvd
CRITICAL 9.9

DescriptionCVE.org

Roundcube Webmail before 1.5.10 and 1.6.x before 1.6.11 allows remote code execution by authenticated users because the _from parameter in a URL is not validated in program/actions/settings/upload.php, leading to PHP Object Deserialization.

Executive ViewAI

Why It Matters

Roundcube Webmail installations are vulnerable to remote code execution attacks by authenticated users, with active exploitation confirmed in the wild. Organizations running affected versions face immediate risk of unauthorized system access, data theft, and potential lateral movement within their infrastructure.

Business Impact: Severe
Compensating Controls

Apply vendor patch. If patching is delayed: implement Web Application Firewall rules to block requests containing serialized PHP objects in the _from parameter; restrict Roundcube access by IP address; disable file upload functionality in settings if not business-critical; monitor authentication logs for anomalous admin activity.

Threat Intelligence Overview

Threat Score
7.7/10
Composite threat intelligence
EPSS Score
90.4%
Top 0% exploitable
Exploit
POC
Public exploit code exists
Data Quality
9 sources
Confidence: High

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity CRITICAL
CISA KEV Yes
Public POC Yes
EPSS 90.4%
Patch available Yes
Active threat Yes
Deciding rule
In CISA KEV with patch available
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived
Immediate
Exploitation· derived
Active
System Exposure· derived
Open
Automatable· derived
No
Human Impact
Very High

Priority Score

225
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: +50
EPSS: +90
CVSS: +50
PoC: +20
Weaponized: +15
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

Authentication bypass attacks exploit flaws in the verification mechanisms that control access to systems and applications.

Insecure deserialization occurs when an application converts serialized data (a stream of bytes representing an object's state) back into a living object without proper validation.

Remote Code Execution represents the critical moment when an attacker successfully runs arbitrary code on a target system without physical access.

CVE-2017-16651 HIGH POC
7.8 Nov 09

Roundcube Webmail before 1.1.10, 1.2.x before 1.2.7, and 1.3.x before 1.3.3 allows unauthorized access to arbitrary file

CVE-2016-9920 HIGH POC
7.5 Dec 08

steps/mail/sendmail.inc in Roundcube before 1.1.7 and 1.2.x before 1.2.3, when no SMTP server is configured and the send

CVE-2015-8770 HIGH POC
7.5 Jan 29

Directory traversal vulnerability in the set_skin function in program/include/rcmail_output_html.php in Roundcube before

CVE-2020-12641 CRITICAL POC
9.8 May 04

rcube_image.php in Roundcube Webmail before 1.4.4 allows attackers to execute arbitrary code via shell metacharacters in

CVE-2020-12640 CRITICAL POC
9.8 May 04

Roundcube Webmail before 1.4.4 allows attackers to include local files and execute code via directory traversal in a plu

CVE-2015-2180 HIGH POC
8.8 Jan 30

The DBMail driver in the Password plugin in Roundcube before 1.1.0 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary commands

CVE-2024-42009 CRITICAL POC
9.3 Aug 05

A Cross-Site Scripting vulnerability in Roundcube through 1.5.7 and 1.6.x through 1.6.7 allows a remote attacker to stea

CVE-2015-2181 HIGH POC
8.8 Jan 30

Multiple buffer overflows in the DBMail driver in the Password plugin in Roundcube before 1.1.0 allow remote attackers t

CVE-2017-8114 HIGH POC
8.8 Apr 29

Roundcube Webmail allows arbitrary password resets by authenticated users. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.8), this vulnerab

CVE-2026-48842 HIGH POC
8.1 May 25

Pre-authentication SQL injection in Roundcube Webmail's virtuser_query plugin allows unauthenticated remote attackers to

CVE-2018-1000071 HIGH POC
7.5 Mar 13

roundcube version 1.3.4 and earlier contains an Insecure Permissions vulnerability in enigma plugin that can result in e

CVE-2020-12626 MEDIUM POC
6.5 May 04

An issue was discovered in Roundcube Webmail before 1.4.4. Rated medium severity (CVSS 6.5), this vulnerability is remot

Vendor StatusVendor

Ubuntu

Priority: High
roundcube
Release Status Version
upstream released 1.6.11+dfsg-1
bionic released 1.3.6+dfsg.1-1ubuntu0.1~esm5
focal released 1.4.3+dfsg.1-1ubuntu0.1~esm5
jammy released 1.5.0+dfsg.1-2ubuntu0.1~esm4
noble released 1.6.6+dfsg-2ubuntu0.1
oracular released 1.6.8+dfsg-2ubuntu0.1
plucky released 1.6.10+dfsg-1ubuntu0.1
xenial released 1.2~beta+dfsg.1-0ubuntu1+esm6
questing not-affected 1.6.11+dfsg-1

Debian

Bug #1107073
roundcube
Release Status Fixed Version Urgency
bullseye fixed 1.4.15+dfsg.1-1+deb11u5 -
bullseye (security) fixed 1.4.15+dfsg.1-1+deb11u7 -
bookworm fixed 1.6.5+dfsg-1+deb12u5 -
bookworm (security) fixed 1.6.5+dfsg-1+deb12u7 -
trixie (security), trixie fixed 1.6.13+dfsg-0+deb13u1 -
forky, sid fixed 1.6.13+dfsg-1 -
(unstable) fixed 1.6.11+dfsg-1 -

SUSE

Severity: Critical

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