Attack ChainAIDerived
Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain
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AccessHost malicious auto-submitting page
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DeliveryLure authenticated victim to visit
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ExploitBrowser sends forged cross-site request
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ExecutionServer performs state change under victim session
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ImpactUnauthorized low-integrity record modification
Vulnerability Assessment
| Weakness |
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A01:2025 - Broken Access Control
ASVS 5.0
V3 - Web Frontend Security Anti-CSRF tokens, SameSite cookies
MITRE ATT&CK
1 technique across 1 tactic: Initial Access The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up. |
| Exploitation Conditions | Exploitation requires an authenticated victim (administrator or user) with an active session in the student-management-system to be socially engineered into visiting an attacker-controlled page or clicking a crafted link while logged in (UI:P/UI:R). The attack works against a state-changing endpoint that lacks anti-CSRF token validation; the specific endpoint is not identified in the advisory ('unknown function'). Limiting factors: the attacker cannot read responses (no confidentiality impact) and the effect is a single limited integrity change per tricked victim; exploitation fails if the victim is not logged in, if the application enforces CSRF tokens/SameSite cookies, or if same-site protections in modern browsers block the forged request. No attacker authentication is needed. Affected: ningzichun/student-management-system up to commit 98760f5711cf6dc8b4adca53a9e207ca49b02ebf, with no fixed version available. |
| Impact | This is a classic high-noise, low-priority signal. The only quantitative signal is a VulDB-assigned CVSS 4.0 base score of 5.3 (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N) with exploit maturity E:P (proof-of-concept), which is consistent with CWE-352 CSRF: network-reachable, low complexity, no attacker privileges, but requiring victim interaction (UI:P) and yielding only limited integrity impact (VI:L) with no confidentiality or availability impact. Publicly available exploit code exists (referenced GitHub issue #12), which raises the practical bar only marginally because CSRF PoCs are trivial. There is NO EPSS score, NO CISA KEV listing, and no evidence of active exploitation in the provided data - so this is publicly available exploit code exists, not confirmed active exploitation; do not conflate the two. Net: the product is an obscure GitHub hobby/student project with negligible enterprise footprint, the impact is limited (single low-integrity state change per tricked victim, no confidentiality/availability loss), and exploitation requires a logged-in victim to interact with attacker content. This is a low-real-risk issue whose modest CVSS is driven by the network vector rather than by meaningful impact; it should not be prioritized over KEV/EPSS-elevated findings. Note the source: VulDB is a low-signal, high-volume reporter and the affected function is described only as 'an unknown function,' so the specific vulnerable endpoint is unconfirmed. |
| Exploit ScenarioDerived | An attacker hosts a malicious page (or sends a link/email) containing a hidden auto-submitting form or crafted request targeting a state-changing endpoint of the student-management-system. When an already-authenticated administrator or user visits the page, their browser silently submits the forged request under their session, performing an unwanted action (e.g., creating/modifying a record). A public proof-of-concept exists via the project's GitHub issue tracker, making this trivial to reproduce. |
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Alert meAnalysisAIv1 – Sep 25, 2026
Cross-site request forgery in ningzichun's student-management-system (up to commit 98760f5711cf6dc8b4adca53a9e207ca49b02ebf) lets an unauthenticated attacker forge state-changing requests that execute in the browser of a logged-in administrator or user, producing a limited integrity-only modification. Exploitation requires the victim to hold an active session and be socially engineered into visiting an attacker-controlled page or clicking a crafted link (UI:P/UI:R); confidentiality and availability are unaffected. Publicly available exploit code exists and the CVE carries an EPSS-relevant proof-of-concept flag, though there is no confirmed active exploitation (CISA KEV), and the upstream project was notified via an issue report but has not responded and has released no fix.
RemediationAI
No vendor-released patch identified at time of analysis: the maintainers were informed through GitHub issue 12 (https://github.com/ningzichun/student-management-system/issues/12) and have not responded, and no fixed commit or tagged version is published. Because the project is open source, the practical fix is to add per-request anti-CSRF tokens (synchronizer token or double-submit cookie) validated on every state-changing endpoint, set session cookies with SameSite=Lax or Strict and the Secure/HttpOnly flags, and reject unsafe methods (POST/PUT/DELETE) that arrive without a matching token - then deploy the forked/pached build in place of the vulnerable commit. Until such a fork is available, compensating controls include forcing re-authentication or a confirmation step before sensitive administrative actions (adds user friction but neutralizes blind forgery), terminating sessions for administrators except when actively working, fronting the application with a reverse proxy/WAF rule that requires a custom header or referer/origin match (can break legitimate integrations and non-browser clients), and isolating the application behind a VPN or IP allow-list so attackers cannot reach it to deliver the crafted page link (reduces exposure but does not fix the underlying token gap). None of these substitutions are equivalent to an upstream patch, and each leaves residual risk if a victim remains logged in while visiting an untrusted site.
Affected VersionsENISA
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Technical ContextAI · show details
The root cause is CWE-352 (Cross-Site Request Forgery): a state-changing endpoint in the PHP/MySQL web application does not validate an anti-CSRF token or otherwise verify that the request originated from the application itself, so a forged request carrying the victim's session cookie is accepted. The advisory cites an 'unknown function', meaning the exact vulnerable route/parameter is not publicly identified; the CPE cpe:2.3:a:ningzichun:student-management-system:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* is a wildcard range, consistent with no fixed version being tagged and the affected boundary being a Git commit hash (98760f5711cf6dc8b4adca53a9e207ca49b02ebf) rather than a numbered release. Because the flaw operates through the browser's ambient session credentials, standard CSRF preconditions apply: the attacker cannot read the response (no confidentiality impact), and modern browser SameSite cookie defaults plus any application-level token validation can break or blunt the attack.
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Severity by source
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P
Remote CSRF needs no attacker auth (PR:N) but a logged-in victim's interaction (UI:R); yields a limited integrity change (I:L) with no confidentiality or availability impact.
Primary rating from Vendor (VulDB).
CVSS VectorVendor: VulDB
Lifecycle Timeline
3DescriptionCVE.org
A vulnerability was detected in ningzichun student-management-system up to 98760f5711cf6dc8b4adca53a9e207ca49b02ebf. Affected is an unknown function. Performing a manipulation results in cross-site request forgery. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. The exploit is now public and may be used. The project was informed of the problem early through an issue report but has not responded yet.
Threat Intelligence Overview
How this decision was reached
The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.
What every action level means
SSVC AssessmentENISA
Priority Score
Attack Technique
Cross-Site Request Forgery exploits the automatic credential inclusion behavior of web browsers.
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