Attack ChainAIDerived
Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain
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AccessIdentify public Joomla site with Balbooa Forms
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DeliveryLocate Stripe or Authorize.net payment form
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ExploitIntercept outbound POST to stripeCharges or payAuthorize
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ExecutionSubstitute attacker-controlled charge amount
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PersistPayment gateway processes tampered total
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ImpactGoods or services obtained at fraudulent price
Vulnerability Assessment
| Weakness |
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A06:2025 - Insecure Design
ASVS 5.0
V3 - Web Frontend Security Server-side parameter enforcement
|
| Exploitation Conditions | The Balbooa Forms Joomla extension must be installed at a version below 2.4.3.2 with at least one form configured to use Stripe (via the stripeCharges endpoint) or Authorize.net (via the payAuthorize endpoint) for live payment processing, and that form must be published and accessible to unauthenticated visitors. No authentication, valid session, or CSRF token is required - exploitation is open to any anonymous visitor on the public internet. There are no platform-specific, OS-specific, or non-default Joomla configuration requirements. Exploitation is limited to financial fraud (arbitrary charge amounts, forged line items, quantities, and shipping); it does not grant server access, code execution, or data exfiltration. Sites without any payment-enabled Balbooa forms are not affected. |
| Impact | The CVSS 4.0 vector (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:H/SA:N, score 7.7) accurately captures the risk profile: fully remote, no complexity, no privileges, no interaction, with high integrity impact on the downstream payment system (subsequent system). The VC/VI/VA:N metrics correctly reflect that the Joomla host itself is not directly compromised - the damage is purely financial, manifesting as fraudulent transactions against the merchant's payment processor account. No EPSS score, KEV listing, or POC code was included in the intelligence data. Despite the absence of a KEV entry, the practical exploitation risk is elevated: the attack requires no authentication, no special tooling, and is directly financially motivated - conditions that historically attract automated fraud tooling. The CSRF tag indicates this was reported partly in the context of session-based forgery, but the primary and more severe risk is the unauthenticated price-tampering path, which does not require CSRF at all. The score of 7.7 is appropriate; a merchant running this plugin on a live storefront faces direct revenue loss with zero barriers to exploitation. |
| Exploit ScenarioDerived | An attacker browses to a Joomla site running Balbooa Forms < 2.4.3.2, adds a product to a payment form, and intercepts the outbound POST request using a proxy tool such as Burp Suite. The attacker modifies the charge amount parameter to 0.01 (or any arbitrary value) and replays the request directly against the stripeCharges or payAuthorize endpoint - no session token, CSRF token, or authentication header is required. The payment gateway processes the tampered total and the attacker receives the purchased item having paid a fraction of a cent. |
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Alert meAnalysisAIv1 – Aug 19, 2026
Payment amount tampering in Balbooa Forms (Joomla extension) versions prior to 2.4.3.2 allows any unauthenticated visitor to purchase priced items for an attacker-controlled amount - including $0.01 - by submitting a crafted value directly to the stripeCharges or payAuthorize payment endpoints. The server forwards this client-supplied total to the payment gateway without recomputing it from configured product prices, and neither endpoint enforces authentication or CSRF checks, making exploitation trivial with a single HTTP request. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis, but the attack requires zero prerequisites beyond a published payment-enabled form.
RemediationAI
Upgrade Balbooa Forms to version 2.4.3.2 or later, which is the confirmed fix version per the advisory originating from security@joomla.org. The update should enforce server-side recomputation of charge totals from the form's configured product prices, removing reliance on the client-supplied parameter. The vendor site for obtaining the update is https://www.balbooa.com/. If immediate patching is not feasible, the most effective compensating control is to unpublish or disable any Joomla forms that have Stripe or Authorize.net payment methods configured, eliminating exposure of the vulnerable endpoints. A WAF rule blocking or alerting on POST requests to the stripeCharges and payAuthorize endpoints from unauthenticated sessions can reduce automated fraud risk but is not a reliable standalone mitigation against a determined attacker who can spoof session state. Do not rely on client-side price enforcement (hidden fields, JavaScript validation) as a compensating control - these are equally bypassable.
Affected VersionsENISA
Affected Packages
Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)
Affects your stack
Affects 1 package in euvd
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Technical ContextAI · show details
The vulnerability is classified as CWE-472 (External Control of Assumed-Immutable Web Parameter), a canonical e-commerce anti-pattern where the server treats a client-supplied value as authoritative rather than recomputing it from a trusted server-side source. In Balbooa Forms, the stripeCharges endpoint (Stripe integration) and payAuthorize endpoint (Authorize.net integration) both read the transaction total directly from the HTTP request body and pass it to the respective payment gateway API without cross-referencing the form's configured price catalog. This means the payment gateway receives whatever integer or decimal value the attacker places in the request parameter. The absence of CSRF protection (noted in the tags) is a compounding weakness: even if some future mitigation attempted to restrict endpoint access to session-bearing users, a CSRF attack from a malicious page could still invoke the endpoint on behalf of a logged-in user. The affected software is a Joomla CMS extension published by balbooa.com; no NVD CPE string was provided in the intelligence data.
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Severity by source
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:H/SA:N
No authentication or interaction required; integrity impact is on the payment gateway (scope change), not the Joomla host itself; no confidentiality or availability impact applies.
Primary rating from Vendor (joomla).
CVSS VectorVendor: joomla
DescriptionCVE.org
Joomla Extension - balbooa.com - Pre-auth Payment Amount Tampering in Balbooa Forms < 2.4.3.2 - The stripeCharges and payAuthorize endpoints accept the charge total from a client-controlled request parameter and forward it to the payment gateway without recomputing it from the form's configured product prices. Neither endpoint enforces authentication or CSRF checks. An unauthenticated attacker can purchase any priced item for an arbitrary amount (e.g., $0.01), and can additionally forge line items, quantities, and shipping.
Executive ViewAI
Balbooa Forms for Joomla contains a critical payment manipulation vulnerability that allows unauthenticated attackers to alter purchase amounts at checkout, potentially reducing transaction values to pennies or zero. Organizations deploying this extension on payment-enabled forms face immediate risk of revenue loss through payment fraud. This vulnerability requires no authentication or user interaction-adversaries can exploit it with simple HTTP requests sent directly to active payment endpoints.
No vendor-released patch identified at time of analysis. Interim mitigations: disable payment forms entirely until version 2.4.3.2 or later is released; implement strict monitoring to detect discrepancies between submitted amounts and payment gateway records; enforce network-level rate limiting on payment endpoints; review transaction logs for evidence of exploitation; establish expedited migration plan to an alternative payment processor extension.
Threat Intelligence Overview
How this decision was reached
The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.
What every action level means
SSVC AssessmentENISA
Priority Score
Attack Technique
Cross-Site Request Forgery exploits the automatic credential inclusion behavior of web browsers.
EUVD-2026-62396
GHSA-5m7r-g86c-vqw2
NVD
CVE.org
EPSS
Vulnrichment
Exploit-DB