Attack ChainAIDerived
Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain
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AccessLure victim to malicious web page
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DeliveryOpen cross-origin WebSocket to local bridge
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ExploitSeize single-client session slot
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ExecutionInject/intercept automation commands
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ImpactExfiltrate payloads or send kill signal
Vulnerability Assessment
| Weakness |
CWE
ASVS 5.0
V15 - Secure Coding and Architecture Hardware safety mechanism
|
| Exploitation Conditions | Exploitation requires that the Midscene Bridge Server be running with an active bridge session, and that the victim visit an attacker-controlled web page in a browser that can reach the local Socket.IO port (UI:P - victim interaction is required). No authentication token is needed and no Origin validation is performed, so any origin can connect; the attacker races to seize the single-client slot. Limiting factors: the server must be actively running (not a persistent daemon in typical use), the victim must load attacker JavaScript, and high attack complexity (AC:H) reflects the timing/session-state dependency - this is a developer-workstation-local service, not an internet-exposed one, so the network vector is realized through the victim's own browser rather than direct remote reach. |
| Impact | The vendor CVSS 4.0 score is 7.6 (High) with vector AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N, indicating network reachability with no privileges but with meaningful mitigating factors: high attack complexity (AC:H) and required user interaction (UI:P - the victim must visit an attacker-controlled page while a bridge session is active). Publicly available exploit code exists and the flaw was reported by VulnCheck, raising practical exploitability, but there is no CISA KEV listing and no EPSS score in the provided data, so there is no evidence of widespread or active exploitation - this suggests a real but opportunistic/targeted risk rather than mass exploitation. Note a discrepancy worth flagging: the description states the server can be 'unconditionally terminated,' a clear availability impact, yet the vendor 4.0 vector sets VA:N (no availability impact) - my independent assessment treats the kill capability as an availability impact. No SSVC decision data was provided. Overall this is a genuine developer-workstation threat but its footprint is limited by the niche product and the need for an active session plus victim interaction. |
| Exploit ScenarioDerived | A developer runs a Midscene automation task with the Bridge Server active on their workstation, then visits an attacker-controlled or compromised web page in the same browser. Malicious JavaScript on that page opens a cross-origin WebSocket to the local Socket.IO server, hijacks the single-client slot, and injects automation commands or exfiltrates command payloads - or appends MIDSCENE_BRIDGE_SIGNAL_KILL to terminate the server. Publicly available exploit code demonstrates the session hijack. |
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Alert meAnalysisAIv1 – Jul 08, 2026
Cross-origin WebSocket session hijacking in Midscene Bridge Server through version 1.10.3 lets any web page a victim visits connect to the locally running Socket.IO server without an Origin check or authentication token, seizing the tool's single-client slot. Once connected, a remote attacker can intercept and inject browser-automation commands, exfiltrate command-payload data, or unconditionally kill the server via the MIDSCENE_BRIDGE_SIGNAL_KILL query parameter. Publicly available exploit code exists (reported by VulnCheck) and a vendor patch is available (commit 86f4118); no active exploitation has been confirmed.
RemediationAI
Upgrade to a Midscene release containing the fix in commit 86f4118 (https://github.com/web-infra-dev/midscene/commit/86f4118d1d847041c63d79e347e08c87c3f1a882), which adds Origin validation and authentication to the Bridge Server; an upstream fix is available via PR 2759 (https://github.com/web-infra-dev/midscene/pull/2759) but a specific tagged patched release version was not provided in the input, so confirm the exact release with the vendor advisory. Until upgraded, only start the Bridge Server when actively needed and stop it immediately afterward to shrink the exposure window (trade-off: manual overhead and interrupted long-running automation); avoid browsing untrusted sites in the same browser profile while a bridge session is live; and if your environment supports it, bind or firewall the Socket.IO listener so it is unreachable from browser-originated connections (trade-off: may break legitimate local clients that rely on the same interface). Refer to the VulnCheck advisory at https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/midscene-bridge-server-session-hijack-via-unauthenticated-websocket for authoritative guidance.
Affected VersionsENISA
Affected Packages
Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)
Affects your stack
Affects 1 package in euvd
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Technical ContextAI · show details
Midscene is an AI-driven browser/UI automation framework from web-infra-dev; its Bridge Server exposes a local Socket.IO (WebSocket) endpoint that bridges automation commands between a client and the controlled browser session. The root cause is CWE-1385 (missing origin validation / omission of a security-relevant check during WebSocket handshake): the Socket.IO server performs no Origin header validation and requires no authentication token, so the browser's same-origin policy does not protect it - any origin can complete the WebSocket upgrade. Because the listener binds locally but is reachable from JavaScript running in any browser tab (WebSocket connections are not subject to CORS preflight for the connection itself), a malicious page loaded by the victim can silently open a connection to the localhost bridge port. The affected product is identified by CPE cpe:2.3:a:web-infra-dev:midscene.
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Severity by source
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
Reachable via victim's browser (AV:N) but needs an active session and slot race (AC:H) plus victim visiting a malicious page (UI:R); no auth token (PR:N); command injection/exfiltration gives C:H/I:H and the unconditional kill gives A:H.
Primary rating from Vendor (VulnCheck).
CVSS VectorVendor: VulnCheck
DescriptionCVE.org
Midscene Bridge Server through 1.10.3, fixed in commit 86f4118, contains a missing authentication and CORS misconfiguration vulnerability that allows unauthenticated remote attackers to hijack active bridge sessions by opening a cross-origin WebSocket connection to the local Socket.IO server, which performs no Origin header validation and requires no authentication token. Attackers can connect from any web page visited by the victim to seize the single-client slot, intercept and inject automation commands, exfiltrate command-payload data, or unconditionally terminate the server by supplying the MIDSCENE_BRIDGE_SIGNAL_KILL query parameter.
Executive ViewAI
Midscene Bridge Server (versions through 1.10.3) contains a cross-origin WebSocket vulnerability allowing remote attackers to seize browser-automation sessions, intercept command data, and disable the service; publicly available exploit code exists. Organizations relying on this automation tool face risks to data confidentiality, process integrity, and system availability. Patch available per vendor advisory.
Apply vendor patch.
Threat Intelligence Overview
How this decision was reached
The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.
What every action level means
SSVC AssessmentENISA
Priority Score
Attack Technique
Authentication bypass attacks exploit flaws in the verification mechanisms that control access to systems and applications.
EUVD-2026-42373
GHSA-8rcx-4rjr-4wpf
NVD
CVE.org
EPSS
Vulnrichment
VulDB
Exploit-DB