Severity by source
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
Basic auth credentials required so PR:L not PR:N; Webmin grants full host OS control so C/I/A all high.
Primary rating from Vendor (cisa-cg).
CVSS VectorVendor: cisa-cg
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
Lifecycle Timeline
4DescriptionCVE.org
Webmin accepts basic authentication without session cookies when an attacker provides the 'User-Agent: webmin' header, allowing bypass of additional MFA requirements. Fixed in 2.641.
AnalysisAI
MFA bypass in Webmin prior to 2.641 enables remote attackers holding valid credentials to circumvent multi-factor authentication entirely by supplying the literal string 'webmin' as the HTTP User-Agent header, causing the server to accept basic authentication without requiring a session cookie or a second factor. The affected CPE covers all Webmin releases before 2.641, and the impact extends well beyond the low integrity score assigned by the official CVSS - Webmin is a full server administration panel, meaning successful authentication grants control over the underlying host. No public exploit code or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis; the issue was reported by CISA-CG and patched in the 2.641 release.
Technical ContextAI
Webmin (cpe:2.3:a:webmin:webmin:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*) is a browser-based Unix/Linux system administration interface that exposes privileged OS operations over HTTPS. The root cause is classified as CWE-308 (Use of Single-factor Authentication), specifically an authentication downgrade path: the server contains a hard-coded logic branch that, when it detects the 'User-Agent: webmin' string, shifts from its normal session-cookie-plus-MFA flow to plain HTTP Basic Authentication, skipping the second factor entirely. This is effectively a legacy or internal compatibility backdoor in the authentication stack. The vulnerability requires that MFA be enabled on the instance - installations without MFA configured are unaffected by the bypass specifically, though they have no second factor to protect them regardless.
RemediationAI
Upgrade to Webmin 2.641 or later, which is the vendor-released patch per the GitHub release at https://github.com/webmin/webmin/releases/tag/2.641 and the security advisory at https://webmin.com/security/#webmin-prior-to-2641. If immediate upgrade is not possible, restrict access to the Webmin port (default TCP 10000) at the network perimeter to trusted IP ranges only - this limits exposure to attackers who already hold credentials but prevents external exploitation entirely. Additionally, audit all Webmin accounts for signs of credential compromise, since this bypass is only useful to an attacker who already possesses a valid username and password. Blocking or rewriting the 'User-Agent: webmin' header at a reverse proxy or WAF in front of Webmin is a viable short-term compensating control, though it introduces a maintenance dependency on the proxy configuration and may break legitimate Webmin CLI or API tooling that sets this header intentionally.
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file/show.cgi in Webmin 1.590 and earlier allows remote authenticated users to execute arbitrary commands via an invalid
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software/apt-lib.pl in Webmin before 1.997 lacks HTML escaping for a UI command. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.8), thi
Improper Access Control to Remote Code Execution in GitHub repository webmin/webmin prior to 1.990. Rated high severity
In Webmin through 1.910, any user authorized to the "Package Updates" module can execute arbitrary commands with root pr
SSRF exists in Webmin 1.850 via the PATH_INFO to tunnel/link.cgi, as demonstrated by a GET request for tunnel/link.cgi/h
Webmin 1.900 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code by leveraging the "Java file manager" and "Upload and Dow
Webmin 1.973 is affected by reflected Cross Site Scripting (XSS) to achieve Remote Command Execution through Webmin's ru
CSRF exists in Webmin 1.850. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authenticati
Webmin through 1.991, when the Authentic theme is used, allows remote code execution when a user has been manually creat
Webmin 1.973 is affected by Cross Site Request Forgery (CSRF) to create a privileged user through Webmin's add users fea
Same weakness CWE-308 – Use of Single-factor Authentication
View allSame technique Authentication Bypass
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External POC / Exploit Code
Leaving vuln.today
EUVD-2026-37907
GHSA-9848-6qgw-2748