Attack ChainAIDerived
Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain
-
AccessAccess application logs or intercept invitation email
-
DeliveryExtract accepted invitation key
-
ExploitSubmit key to crm/api endpoint
-
ExecutionBypass authentication as target user
-
ImpactManipulate CRM records (leads/deals)
Vulnerability Assessment
| Weakness |
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A07:2025 - Authentication Failures
ASVS 5.0
V6 - Authentication Authentication mechanism validation
MITRE ATT&CK
2 techniques across 2 tactics: Defense Evasion, Initial Access The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up. |
| Exploitation Conditions | Exploitation requires the attacker to first obtain a valid invitation key that was previously issued by the Frappe CRM application. These keys were logged by the application, so an attacker with read access to application logs - or the ability to intercept the original invitation email/link - can extract the key. The key remains valid indefinitely in unpatched versions because it is never set to null after acceptance. Limiting factors: the attacker cannot generate or brute-force a key without prior access to a log source or network interception point; exploitation is bounded to the CRM's invitation user pool (only users who were sent invitations have associated keys); and the impact is scoped to CRM data integrity with no confidentiality or availability impact confirmed by the CVSS vector. |
| Impact | The CVSS 4.0 score of 8.2 reflects High integrity impact with no confidentiality or availability consequence, which is consistent with an authentication bypass granting write-level access. The AT:P metric is the critical limiting factor: exploitation is not opportunistic; the attacker must possess a specific, previously-issued invitation key. This reduces real-world risk relative to the raw score. EPSS data was not provided, and no KEV listing or POC code has been identified, further lowering short-term exploitation probability. The integrity impact is genuine - a successful bypass allows an attacker to act as the invited user within the CRM, potentially manipulating leads, deals, and contact data. For organizations relying on Frappe CRM in sales workflows, this represents a meaningful insider-threat or log-exposure risk, but not a broad opportunistic attack surface. |
| Exploit ScenarioDerived | An attacker with read access to Frappe CRM application logs extracts an accepted invitation key belonging to a legitimate user. Using this key against the crm/api endpoint, the attacker authenticates as that user without knowing their password, then modifies or exfiltrates CRM data such as lead records and deal stages. No public exploit code has been identified, but the technique requires only a standard HTTP request once the key is obtained. |
Get an e-mail when this CVE is exploited, patched or re-scored. Free account.
Alert meAnalysisAIv1 – Sep 04, 2026
Authentication bypass in Frappe CRM prior to v1.73.0 allows network-accessible attackers to impersonate users by replaying logged invitation keys against the crm/api endpoint. The root cause is that invitation keys were never invalidated after acceptance - they remained logged and reusable indefinitely. The vendor released a patch in v1.73.0; no public exploit or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis.
RemediationAI
Upgrade Frappe CRM to v1.73.0 or later, which sets invitation keys to null immediately upon acceptance and adds a pending status to invitations, preventing key reuse. The patched release is available at https://github.com/frappe/crm/releases/tag/v1.73.0. If immediate upgrade is not possible, administrators should audit application logs for previously issued invitation keys and manually revoke or expire any outstanding invitations from the database. Restricting log access to privileged administrators reduces the exposure window by limiting the pool of actors who can extract valid keys from logs.
Affected VersionsENISA
Affected Packages
Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)
Affects your stack
Affects 1 package in euvd
Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.
Technical ContextAI · show details
Frappe CRM is an open-source CRM application built on the Frappe framework. The invitation flow generates per-user keys transmitted to new users. These keys should be single-use tokens: once a recipient accepts an invitation, the key must be voided. CWE-287 (Improper Authentication) applies because the application failed to enforce this invalidation - keys were retained in application logs after acceptance, effectively creating persistent, reusable authentication tokens. The vulnerable surface is the crm/api endpoint, which accepted these stale keys as valid proof of identity. The CVSS 4.0 vector assigns AT:P (Attack Requirements: Present), acknowledging that an attacker must first obtain a valid key - from log access, network interception, or insider knowledge - before exploiting the bypass.
Know when the next one hits your stack
- Watch products and get an email when something new is published
- Check this CVE against your own stack and servers
- Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources
No credit card · 7-day full trial
Severity by source
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
AC:H reflects the AT:P requirement to obtain a specific logged invitation key before exploitation; no confidentiality or availability impact per description.
Primary rating from Vendor (github).
CVSS VectorVendor: github
Lifecycle Timeline
2DescriptionCVE.org
Frappe CRM is an open-source customer relationship management tool. Prior to version 1.73.0, there is an authentication bypass vulnerability via logged invitation keys in crm/api. This issue has been patched in version 1.73.0.
Technical POC Analysis
The vulnerability is an authentication bypass in the crm/api invitation-authentication surface of the Frappe CRM app (frappe/crm).
Full technical POC analysis - root cause, step-by-step exploitation and patch breakdown - is part of the Pro and Business plans.
Executive ViewAI
Frappe CRM prior to v1.73.0 suffers an authentication bypass that enables user impersonation attacks, potentially granting unauthorized access to customer data and sensitive business information. This network-accessible vulnerability poses immediate risks of data theft, regulatory non-compliance, and reputational damage. Immediate upgrade to v1.73.0 is required to mitigate the risk.
Apply vendor patch.
Threat Intelligence Overview
How this decision was reached
The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.
What every action level means
SSVC AssessmentENISA
Priority Score
Attack Technique
Authentication bypass attacks exploit flaws in the verification mechanisms that control access to systems and applications.
EUVD-2026-71633
NVD
CVE.org
EPSS
Vulnrichment
GitHub
Exploit-DB