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Vim CVE-2026-28417

MEDIUM
Improper Neutralization of Invalid Characters in Identifiers in Web Pages (CWE-86)
2026-02-27 security-advisories@github.com
Command Injection Red Hat Vim Suse
4.4
CVSS 3.1 · GitHub Advisory
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Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
CWE-86
OWASP Top 10:2025
A05:2025 - Injection
ASVS 5.0
V1 - Encoding and Sanitization Invalid character neutralization
Impact

CVSS 4.4 (MEDIUM). Attack vector: Local. Complexity: Low. Privileges required: None. User interaction: Required.
Exploit ScenarioDerived

An attacker could exploit this vulnerability to compromise the affected system.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Why: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9).
Patch available 0.0% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Mar 12, 2026

Arbitrary command execution in Vim's netrw plugin prior to version 9.2.0073 allows attackers to execute shell commands with user privileges by crafting malicious URLs (such as scp:// handlers) that users are tricked into opening. The vulnerability requires user interaction but poses a local privilege escalation risk in multi-user environments. A patch is available in Vim 9.2.0073 and later.

Earlier versions of this analysis (1)
v1 Mar 12, 2026 - 21:55 CVSS 4.4

Vim is an open source, command line text editor. Prior to version 9.2.0073, an OS command injection vulnerability exists in the netrw standard plugin bundled with Vim. [CVSS 4.4 MEDIUM]

RemediationAI

A vendor patch is available — apply it immediately.

Affects your stack

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Technical ContextAI · show details

Affects Vim. Vim is an open source, command line text editor. Prior to version 9.2.0073, an OS command injection vulnerability exists in the netrw standard plugin bundled with Vim. By inducing a user to open a crafted URL (e.g., using the scp:// protocol handler), an attacker can execute arbitrary shell commands with the privileges of the Vim process. Version 9.2.0073 fixes the issue.

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  • Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources
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Severity by source

GitHub Advisory PRIMARY 4.4 MEDIUM
AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N
SUSE MEDIUM
Red Hat 4.4 MEDIUM

Primary rating from GitHub Advisory.

CVSS VectorGitHub Advisory

Attack Vector
Local
Attack Complexity
Low
Privileges Required
None
User Interaction
Required
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
Low
Integrity
Low
Availability
None

Lifecycle Timeline

2
Patch released
Mar 03, 2026 - 17:50 nvd
Patch available
CVE Published
Feb 27, 2026 - 22:16 nvd
MEDIUM 4.4

DescriptionGitHub Advisory

Vim is an open source, command line text editor. Prior to version 9.2.0073, an OS command injection vulnerability exists in the netrw standard plugin bundled with Vim. By inducing a user to open a crafted URL (e.g., using the scp:// protocol handler), an attacker can execute arbitrary shell commands with the privileges of the Vim process. Version 9.2.0073 fixes the issue.

Executive ViewAI

Why It Matters

Organizations using Vim should be aware of moderate risk from CVE-2026-28417 rated CVSS 4.4. Exploitation could compromise the security of affected deployments. A patch is available and should be applied during regular vulnerability management.

Business Impact: Low
Compensating Controls

Apply vendor patch. If patching is delayed: restrict network access and enable monitoring.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.0%
Top 98% exploitable
Data Quality
5 sources
Confidence: Medium
NVD CVE.org EPSS Vendor GitHub VulDB

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity MEDIUM
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS 0.0%
Patch available Yes
Active threat No
Deciding rule
MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived
Defer
Exploitation· derived
None
System Exposure· derived
Small
Automatable· derived
No
Human Impact
Low

Priority Score

22
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +22
PoC: 0
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

OS Command Injection CRITICAL

OS command injection occurs when an application passes unsanitized user input directly into system shell commands.

Affected Products (CPE)GitHub Advisory

cpe:2.3:a:vim:vim:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

More in Vim

View all
CVE-2022-3520 CRITICAL POC
9.8 Dec 02

Heap-based Buffer Overflow in GitHub repository vim/vim prior to 9.0.0765. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.8), this vuln
CVE-2022-0729 HIGH POC
8.8 Feb 23

Use of Out-of-range Pointer Offset in GitHub repository vim/vim prior to 8.2.4440. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.8), this

CVE-2026-34714 HIGH POC
8.6 Mar 30

Code execution vulnerability in Vim before 9.2.0272 allows attackers to gain immediate arbitrary command execution upon

CVE-2019-12735 HIGH POC
8.6 Jun 05

getchar.c in Vim before 8.1.1365 and Neovim before 0.3.6 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary OS commands via th
CVE-2021-3968 HIGH POC
8.0 Nov 19

vim is vulnerable to Heap-based Buffer Overflow. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.0), this vulnerability is remotely exploita
CVE-2022-1616 HIGH POC
7.8 May 07

Use after free in append_command in GitHub repository vim/vim prior to 8.2.4895. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.8), this vu
CVE-2022-1619 HIGH POC
7.8 May 08

Heap-based Buffer Overflow in function cmdline_erase_chars in GitHub repository vim/vim prior to 8.2.4899. Rated high se
CVE-2021-4136 HIGH POC
7.8 Dec 19

vim is vulnerable to Heap-based Buffer Overflow. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.8), this vulnerability is no authentication
CVE-2021-3973 HIGH POC
7.8 Nov 19

vim is vulnerable to Heap-based Buffer Overflow. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.8), this vulnerability is no authentication
CVE-2021-3927 HIGH POC
7.8 Nov 05

vim is vulnerable to Heap-based Buffer Overflow. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.8), this vulnerability is no authentication
CVE-2022-2125 HIGH POC
7.8 Jun 19

Heap-based Buffer Overflow in GitHub repository vim/vim prior to 8.2. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.8), this vulnerability
CVE-2022-2126 HIGH POC
7.8 Jun 19

Out-of-bounds Read in GitHub repository vim/vim prior to 8.2. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.8), this vulnerability is no a

Same weakness CWE-86 – Improper Neutralization of Invalid Characters in Identifiers in Web Pages

View all
CVE-2025-66606 CRITICAL
9.6
CVE-2023-31126 CRITICAL
9.6
CVE-2024-21864 HIGH
7.8
CVE-2024-10941 MEDIUM
6.5
CVE-2023-22840 MEDIUM
5.5
CVE-2025-20168 MEDIUM
5.4
CVE-2025-20167 MEDIUM
5.4
CVE-2025-20166 MEDIUM
5.4

Same technique Command Injection

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CVE-2024-21887 CRITICAL POC
9.1
CVE-2019-15107 CRITICAL POC
9.8
CVE-2016-3081 HIGH POC
8.1
CVE-2024-51378 CRITICAL POC
9.8
CVE-2012-1823 CRITICAL POC
9.8
CVE-2016-1555 CRITICAL POC
9.8
CVE-2014-6271 CRITICAL POC
9.8
CVE-2024-55956 CRITICAL POC
9.8

Vendor StatusVendor

SUSE

Severity: Medium
Product Status
Container rancher/elemental-channel/sl-micro:6.0-baremetal Container rancher/elemental-channel/sl-micro:6.0-base Container rancher/elemental-channel/sl-micro:6.0-kvm Container rancher/elemental-channel/sl-micro:6.0-rt Container suse/sl-micro/6.0/baremetal-iso-image:latest Container suse/sl-micro/6.0/base-iso-image:latest Container suse/sl-micro/6.0/kvm-iso-image:latest Container suse/sl-micro/6.0/rt-iso-image:latest Container suse/sl-micro/6.1/baremetal-iso-image:2.2.1-5.70 Container suse/sl-micro/6.1/base-iso-image:2.2.1-5.86 Container suse/sl-micro/6.1/kvm-iso-image:2.2.1-5.97 Container suse/sl-micro/6.1/rt-iso-image:2.2.1-5.74 Affected
Container suse/manager/5.0/x86_64/server:latest Image SLES15-SP5-SAP-Azure-LI-BYOS Image SLES15-SP5-SAP-Azure-LI-BYOS-Production Image SLES15-SP5-SAP-Azure-VLI-BYOS Image SLES15-SP5-SAP-Azure-VLI-BYOS-Production Image SLES15-SP7-CHOST-BYOS-Aliyun Image SLES15-SP7-CHOST-BYOS-Azure Image SLES15-SP7-CHOST-BYOS-EC2 Image SLES15-SP7-CHOST-BYOS-GCE Image SLES15-SP7-CHOST-BYOS-GDC Image SLES15-SP7-CHOST-BYOS-SAP-CCloud Image SLES15-SP7-SAP-Azure-LI-BYOS-Production Image SLES15-SP7-SAP-Azure-VLI-BYOS-Production Image SLES15-SP7-SAP-EC2 Affected
Container suse/sl-micro/6.0/baremetal-os-container:2.1.3-6.144 Container suse/sl-micro/6.1/baremetal-os-container:2.2.1-7.74 Image SUSE-Multi-Linux-Manager-Proxy-BYOS-EC2 Image SUSE-Multi-Linux-Manager-Server-Azure-ltd Image SUSE-Multi-Linux-Manager-Server-BYOS-EC2 Affected
Container suse/sl-micro/6.0/base-os-container:latest Image SL-Micro Affected
Container suse/sl-micro/6.0/kvm-os-container:latest Container suse/sl-micro/6.0/rt-os-container:latest Container suse/sl-micro/6.1/base-os-container:2.2.1-5.82 Container suse/sl-micro/6.1/kvm-os-container:2.2.1-5.86 Container suse/sl-micro/6.1/rt-os-container:2.2.1-5.74 Image SL-Micro-Base Image SL-Micro-Base-RT Image SL-Micro-Base-RT-SelfInstall Image SL-Micro-Base-RT-encrypted Image SL-Micro-Base-SelfInstall Image SL-Micro-Base-encrypted Image SL-Micro-Base-qcow Image SL-Micro-Default Image SL-Micro-Default-SelfInstall Image SL-Micro-Default-encrypted Image SL-Micro-Default-qcow Image SL-Micro-EC2 Image SUSE-Multi-Linux-Manager-Server-EC2-llc Image SUSE-Multi-Linux-Manager-Server-EC2-ltd Affected

References

Advisories & patches
PATCH http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2026/02/27/6 PATCH https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/79348dbbc09332130f4c860 PATCH https://github.com/vim/vim/security/advisories/GHSA-m3xh-9434-g336 ADVISORY https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:6502 ADVISORY https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:6539 ADVISORY https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:6540 ADVISORY https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:6617 ADVISORY https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:6619 ADVISORY https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:6620 ADVISORY https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:6729 ADVISORY https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:6730 ADVISORY https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:6731 ADVISORY https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:6736 ADVISORY https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:6915 ADVISORY https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:7335 ADVISORY https://ubuntu.com/security/notices/USN-8101-1 ADVISORY https://vuldb.com/?id.348256 ADVISORY https://www.suse.com/support/update/SUSE-SU-2026:0910/ ADVISORY https://www.suse.com/support/update/SUSE-SU-2026:1051/ ADVISORY https://www.suse.com/support/update/SUSE-SU-2026:1095/ ADVISORY https://www.suse.com/support/update/SUSE-SU-2026:20732/ ADVISORY https://www.suse.com/support/update/SUSE-SU-2026:20735/ ADVISORY https://www.suse.com/support/update/SUSE-SU-2026:20738/ ADVISORY https://www.suse.com/support/update/SUSE-SU-2026:20740/ ADVISORY https://www.suse.com/support/update/SUSE-SU-2026:20741/ ADVISORY https://www.suse.com/support/update/SUSE-SU-2026:20759/ ADVISORY https://www.suse.com/support/update/SUSE-SU-2026:20765/ ADVISORY https://www.suse.com/support/update/SUSE-SU-2026:20916/ REF https://github.com/vim/vim/releases/tag/v9.2.0073

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