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Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
CWE-822
ASVS 5.0
V15 - Secure Coding and Architecture Untrusted pointer prevention
Impact

The CVSS vector (AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N) indicates local attack vector requiring high privileges and non-trivial complexity, yielding a moderate base score of 5.7. The high privilege requirement (PR:H) significantly restricts the attacker pool to administrators or privileged service accounts already in a compromised or malicious state. However, the confidentiality and integrity impact ratings (both High) reflect the severity of successful exploitation: an attacker can read protected enclave state and modify security-critical data. The authentication bypass tag and focus on VBS (a foundational Windows security mechanism) elevate real-world impact for systems relying on VBS for credential isolation or code integrity verification. The SSVC decision framework would likely classify this as low-urgent but important for security-critical deployments: exploitation requires pre-existing high privilege, but successful exploitation directly undermines OS-level security boundaries. The broad version coverage (Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 26H1, plus Server variants) suggests this is a structural flaw requiring coordinated patching across the Windows ecosystem.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Why: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9).
Patch available 0.1% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Apr 14, 2026

Untrusted pointer dereference in Windows Virtualization-Based Security (VBS) Enclave allows authorized local attackers to bypass security features, affecting Windows 10 (versions 1607, 1809, 21H2, 22H2), Windows 11 (versions 22H3 through 26H1), and Windows Server 2016-2025. With a CVSS score of 5.7 and high privilege requirement (PR:H), the vulnerability requires administrative or high-privilege account access but presents significant confidentiality and integrity risk to isolated security domai

Earlier versions of this analysis (1)
v1 Apr 14, 2026 - 19:40 CVSS 5.7

Untrusted pointer dereference in Windows Virtualization-Based Security (VBS) Enclave allows authorized local attackers to bypass security features, affecting Windows 10 (versions 1607, 1809, 21H2, 22H2), Windows 11 (versions 22H3 through 26H1), and Windows Server 2016-2025. With a CVSS score of 5.7 and high privilege requirement (PR:H), the vulnerability requires administrative or high-privilege account access but presents significant confidentiality and integrity risk to isolated security domains. Vendor-released patch is available.

RemediationAI

Apply vendor-released security updates immediately. For Windows 10 Version 1607 and Windows Server 2016, update to build 10.0.14393.9060 or later. For Windows 10 Version 1809 and Windows Server 2019, update to build 10.0.17763.8644 or later. For Windows 10 Version 21H2, update to build 10.0.19044.7184 or later. For Windows 10 Version 22H2, update to build 10.0.19045.7184 or later. For Windows 11 Version 22H3 and Windows 11 Version 23H2, update to build 10.0.22631.6936 or later. For Windows 11 Version 24H2, update to build 10.0.26100.32690 or later. For Windows 11 Version 25H2, update to build 10.0.26200.8246 or later. For Windows 11 Version 26H1, update to build 10.0.28000.1836 or later. For Windows Server 2022, update to build 10.0.20348.5020

Affected VersionsENISA

Windows 10 Version 1809 10.0.17763.0 <10.0.17763.8644
Windows Server 2016 10.0.14393.0 <10.0.14393.9060
Windows Server 2025 (Server Core installation) 10.0.26100.0 <10.0.26100.32690
Windows Server 2022 10.0.20348.0 <10.0.20348.5020
Windows 11 Version 23H2 10.0.22631.0 <10.0.22631.6936
Windows 11 version 22H3 10.0.22631.0 <10.0.22631.6936
Windows Server 2016 (Server Core installation) 10.0.14393.0 <10.0.14393.9060
Windows 10 Version 22H2 10.0.19045.0 <10.0.19045.7184
Windows Server 2022, 23H2 Edition (Server Core installation) 10.0.25398.0 <10.0.25398.2274
Windows 11 Version 25H2 10.0.26200.0 <10.0.26200.8246
Windows Server 2025 10.0.26100.0 <10.0.26100.32690
Windows 11 version 26H1 10.0.28000.0 <10.0.28000.1836
Windows 11 Version 24H2 10.0.26100.0 <10.0.26100.32690
Windows 10 Version 1607 10.0.14393.0 <10.0.14393.9060
Windows Server 2019 (Server Core installation) 10.0.17763.0 <10.0.17763.8644
Windows Server 2019 10.0.17763.0 <10.0.17763.8644
Windows 10 Version 21H2 10.0.19044.0 <10.0.19044.7184

Affected Packages

microsoft windows_10_version_1607_10_0_14393_9060 fix: Windows 10 Version 1607 for 32-bit Systems 10.0.14393.9060, Windows 10 Version 1607 for x64-based Systems 10.0.14393.9060
microsoft windows_10_version_1809_10_0_17763_8644 fix: Windows 10 Version 1809 for 32-bit Systems 10.0.17763.8644, Windows 10 Version 1809 for x64-based Systems 10.0.17763.8644
microsoft windows_10_version_21h2_10_0_19044_7184 fix: Windows 10 Version 21H2 for 32-bit Systems 10.0.19044.7184, Windows 10 Version 21H2 for ARM64-based Systems 10.0.19044.7184, Windows 10 Version 21H2 for x64-based Systems 10.0.19044.7184
microsoft windows_10_version_22h2_10_0_19045_7184 fix: Windows 10 Version 22H2 for 32-bit Systems 10.0.19045.7184, Windows 10 Version 22H2 for ARM64-based Systems 10.0.19045.7184, Windows 10 Version 22H2 for x64-based Systems 10.0.19045.7184
microsoft windows_11_version_23h2_10_0_22631_6936 fix: Windows 11 Version 23H2 for ARM64-based Systems 10.0.22631.6936, Windows 11 Version 23H2 for x64-based Systems 10.0.22631.6936
microsoft windows_11_version_24h2_10_0_26100_32690 fix: Windows 11 Version 24H2 for ARM64-based Systems 10.0.26100.32690, Windows 11 Version 24H2 for x64-based Systems 10.0.26100.32690
microsoft windows_11_version_25h2_10_0_26200_8246 fix: Windows 11 Version 25H2 for ARM systems 10.0.26200.8246, Windows 11 Version 25H2 for x64-based Systems 10.0.26200.8246
microsoft windows_11_version_26h1_10_0_28000_1836 fix: Windows 11 Version 26H1 for ARM64-based Systems 10.0.28000.1836, Windows 11 version 26H1 for x64-based Systems 10.0.28000.1836
microsoft windows_server_2016_10_0_14393_9060 fix: Windows Server 2016 10.0.14393.9060, Windows Server 2016 (Server Core installation) 10.0.14393.9060
microsoft windows_server_2019_10_0_17763_8644 fix: Windows Server 2019 10.0.17763.8644, Windows Server 2019 (Server Core installation) 10.0.17763.8644
microsoft windows_server_2022_10_0_20348_5020 fix: Windows Server 2022 10.0.20348.5020, Windows Server 2022 (Server Core installation) 10.0.20348.5020
microsoft windows_server_2022_23h2_edition_10_0_25398_2274 fix: Windows Server 2022, 23H2 Edition (Server Core installation) 10.0.25398.2274
microsoft windows_server_2025_10_0_26100_32690 fix: Windows Server 2025 10.0.26100.32690, Windows Server 2025 (Server Core installation) 10.0.26100.32690
euvd windows_10_version_1607 fix: 10.0.14393.9060
euvd windows_10_version_1809 fix: 10.0.17763.8644
euvd windows_10_version_21h2 fix: 10.0.19044.7184
euvd windows_10_version_22h2 fix: 10.0.19045.7184
euvd windows_11_version_22h3 fix: 10.0.22631.6936
euvd windows_11_version_23h2 fix: 10.0.22631.6936
euvd windows_11_version_24h2 fix: 10.0.26100.32690
euvd windows_11_version_25h2 fix: 10.0.26200.8246
euvd windows_11_version_26h1 fix: 10.0.28000.1836
euvd windows_server_2016 fix: 10.0.14393.9060
euvd windows_server_2016_server_core_installation fix: 10.0.14393.9060
euvd windows_server_2019 fix: 10.0.17763.8644
euvd windows_server_2019_server_core_installation fix: 10.0.17763.8644
euvd windows_server_2022 fix: 10.0.20348.5020
euvd windows_server_2022_23h2_edition_server_core_installation fix: 10.0.25398.2274
euvd windows_server_2025 fix: 10.0.26100.32690
euvd windows_server_2025_server_core_installation fix: 10.0.26100.32690

Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)

Affects your stack

Affects 30 packages in microsoft, euvd

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Technical ContextAI · show details

Windows Virtualization-Based Security (VBS) Enclaves are isolated execution environments that enforce security policies independently of the kernel, using hardware virtualization features to prevent unauthorized code execution and data exfiltration. The vulnerability stems from CWE-822 (Untrusted Pointer Dereference), where improper validation of pointer references within the enclave allows an authenticated high-privilege attacker to dereference malicious or invalid pointers, corrupting enclave memory state or bypassing enclave-enforced isolation boundaries. VBS Enclaves are used to protect sensitive operations such as credential storage, attestation, and Windows Defender Credential Guard functionality. The affected CPE strings span multiple Windows 10 and 11 versions as well as Windows Server 2016-2025, indicating a systemic issue in VBS pointer handling across multiple OS release branches.

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Severity by source

Vendor (microsoft) PRIMARY 5.7 MEDIUM
AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N
CIRCL (temporal) 5.0 MEDIUM

Primary rating from Vendor (microsoft).

CVSS VectorVendor: microsoft

Attack Vector
Local
Attack Complexity
High
Privileges Required
High
User Interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
High
Integrity
High
Availability
None

Lifecycle Timeline

2
Patch released
Apr 14, 2026 - 17:46 nvd
Patch available
CVE Published
Apr 14, 2026 - 16:56 nvd
MEDIUM 5.7

DescriptionCVE.org

Untrusted pointer dereference in Windows Virtualization-Based Security (VBS) Enclave allows an authorized attacker to bypass a security feature locally.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.1%
Top 81% exploitable
Vendor Action
See Below
Required. The vulnerability documented by this CVE requires customer action to resolve.
Vendor Status
Publicly Disclosed:No
Exploited:No
Latest Software Release:Exploitation Less Likely
Data Quality
6 sources
Confidence: High
EUVD NVD CVE.org EPSS Vulnrichment VulDB

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity MEDIUM
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS 0.1%
Patch available Yes
Active threat No
Deciding rule
MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived
Defer
Exploitation
None
System Exposure· derived
Small
Automatable
No
Human Impact· derived
Medium
Technical Impact
Total

Priority Score

28
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +28
PoC: 0
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

Authentication Bypass CRITICAL

Authentication bypass attacks exploit flaws in the verification mechanisms that control access to systems and applications.

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Same weakness CWE-822 – Untrusted Pointer Dereference

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Same technique Authentication Bypass

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References

Advisories & patches
PATCH https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2026-23670 ADVISORY https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-23670 ADVISORY https://vuldb.com/vuln/357393

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