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IBM i CVE-2026-18221

| EUVDEUVD-2026-71607 CRITICAL
Improper Authentication (CWE-287)
2026-09-04 ibm GHSA-7wjh-qq66-9589
9.8
CVSS 3.1 · NVD
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Attack ChainAIDerived

Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain

  1. Access
    Reach IBM i auth service over network
  2. Delivery
    Submit crafted authentication parameters
  3. Exploit
    Bypass improper credential validation
  4. Execution
    Obtain unauthorized authenticated session
  5. Impact
    Access/modify system data and functions

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A07:2025 - Authentication Failures
ASVS 5.0
V6 - Authentication Authentication mechanism validation
MITRE ATT&CK

2 techniques across 2 tactics: Defense Evasion, Initial Access

The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up.

Exploitation Conditions

Exploitation requires network access to the affected IBM i authentication service and the ability to submit manipulated client-supplied authentication parameters; per the CVSS vector (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N) no prior credentials or user interaction are needed. Limiting factors: the target must be running IBM i 7.3, 7.4, 7.5, or 7.6 with the vulnerable authentication-handling service network-reachable from the attacker. The specific service, port, or protocol is not named in the provided data, so whether default configurations expose it cannot be confirmed from the input and should be verified against IBM's advisory.

Impact

The signals are mixed but lean toward a genuine high priority tempered by no confirmed exploitation. The CVSS 3.1 vector (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/C:H/I:H/A:H) describes an unauthenticated, low-complexity, remote full compromise - the worst-case profile - and CWE-287 auth bypasses are directly exploitable once the vulnerable endpoint is identified. Against this, EPSS is only 0.32% (24th percentile), the CVE is NOT in CISA KEV, and no POC is referenced, so there is currently no evidence of active or automated exploitation. The description is terse and does not specify the affected service, protocol, or any preconditions, so the AC:L / PR:N assumptions cannot be independently confirmed from the input - verify the attack surface with IBM before assuming default-configuration exploitability. Net: patch promptly given the criticality and vendor-confirmed fix, but the absence of KEV/POC signals suggests this is not yet under widespread attack.

Exploit ScenarioDerived

An attacker with network reachability to an affected IBM i system sends a connection request to the vulnerable authentication service with crafted or empty client-supplied authentication parameters. Because the server validates these improperly, it accepts the request as an authenticated session, granting the attacker unauthorized access to system data and functions. No public exploit code is currently referenced, so this scenario reflects the vector implied by CVSS rather than an observed attack.

Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Why: CRITICAL severity.
Patch available 0.3% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv2 – Sep 08, 2026

Authentication bypass in IBM i (the operating system for IBM Power servers, formerly OS/400) versions 7.3, 7.4, 7.5, and 7.6 allows a remote attacker to gain unauthorized access by supplying malformed or manipulated authentication parameters that the system fails to validate correctly. Rated CVSS 9.8, the flaw grants full compromise of confidentiality, integrity, and availability without prior credentials. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, and EPSS is low (0.32%, 24th percentile), indicating no observed mass exploitation despite the critical score.

Earlier versions of this analysis (1)
v1 Sep 04, 2026 - 17:07 CVSS 8.1

Authentication bypass in IBM i 7.3 through 7.6 allows remote unauthenticated attackers to gain unauthorized access by exploiting improper validation of client-supplied authentication parameters. The CVSS vector (AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N) indicates network-reachable exploitation without credentials, though elevated attack complexity (AC:H) implies specific conditions must be met. Full confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact are assigned, suggesting successful exploitation grants substantial control over the affected system. No public exploit code or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis.

RemediationAI

Apply the IBM-provided fix per the vendor advisory at https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7286186 (Patch available per vendor advisory - the input does not state an exact PTF or cumulative package identifier, so obtain the specific PTF number for your release from that node). Because all supported releases (7.3-7.6) are impacted, apply the corresponding PTF to each affected system. Until patched, restrict network reachability of the affected authentication service to trusted management networks and place the systems behind firewall/ACL rules limiting access to known administrative hosts; note this compensating control reduces exposure but does not eliminate risk from internal or trusted-network attackers and may disrupt legitimate remote clients that rely on the affected service. Prioritize internet-exposed or DMZ-facing IBM i systems first.

Affected VersionsENISA

i 7.5
i 7.4
i 7.6
i 7.3

Affected Packages

euvd i no fix

Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)

Affects your stack

Affects 1 package in euvd

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

IBM i is IBM's integrated midrange operating environment running on Power hardware, widely used for transactional and line-of-business workloads in finance, manufacturing, and retail. The root cause is CWE-287 (Improper Authentication): a network-facing service accepts client-supplied authentication parameters and validates them improperly, so an attacker can present values that the server treats as a valid identity. The affected CPE is cpe:2.3:a:ibm:i across all currently supported releases (7.3 through 7.6), suggesting the defect resides in a shared authentication code path rather than a single release-specific feature. IBM's advisory (node 7286186) does not, in the provided data, name the specific service or protocol endpoint involved.

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  • Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources

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Severity by source

Vendor (ibm) PRIMARY HIGH
NVD 9.8 CRITICAL
AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
vuln.today AI 9.8 CRITICAL

Unauthenticated remote auth bypass (CWE-287) yields full system access, so PR:N/UI:N with C:H/I:H/A:H; AC:L accepted from vendor absent evidence of preconditions.

3.1 AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
4.0 AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Primary rating from Vendor (ibm).

CVSS VectorNVD

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
Low
Privileges Required
None
User Interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
High
Integrity
High
Availability
High

Lifecycle Timeline

4
Analysis Updated
Sep 08, 2026 - 19:58 vuln.today
v2 - CVSS changed
Severity Changed
Sep 08, 2026 - 19:53 NVD
HIGH CRITICAL
CVSS changed
Sep 08, 2026 - 19:53 NVD
8.1 (HIGH) 9.8 (CRITICAL)
CVE Published
Sep 04, 2026 - 16:25 cve.org
HIGH 8.1

DescriptionNVD

IBM i 7.6, 7.5, 7.4, and 7.3 could allow a remote attacker to gain unauthorized access due to improper validation of client-supplied authentication parameters.

Executive ViewAI

Why It Matters

IBM Power servers running IBM i versions 7.3-7.6 contain a critical authentication bypass allowing unauthenticated remote attackers to gain complete system access. Organizations operating these systems for business-critical applications face direct risks to data security and operational continuity. Although no active exploitation has been observed, the severity and remote accessibility of this vulnerability demand urgent remediation.

Business Impact: Severe
Compensating Controls

Apply vendor patch.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.3%
Top 76% exploitable
Prevalence
Medium
IBM i on Power is common in enterprise midrange, not ubiquitous
Data Quality
4 sources
Confidence: Medium

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity CRITICAL
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS 0.3%
Patch available Yes
Active threat No
Deciding rule
CRITICAL severity
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived
Out-of-Cycle
Exploitation· derived
None
System Exposure· derived
Open
Automatable· derived
Yes
Human Impact
Very High

Priority Score

49
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +49
PoC: 0
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

Authentication bypass attacks exploit flaws in the verification mechanisms that control access to systems and applications.

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