Attack ChainAIDerived
Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain
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AccessObtain victim WordPress credentials
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DeliveryAuthenticate with stolen password
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ExploitTrigger 2FA challenge
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ExecutionSubmit empty or arbitrary 2FA token
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PersistBypass server-side validation
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ImpactGain full authenticated account access
Vulnerability Assessment
| Weakness |
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A07:2025 - Authentication Failures
ASVS 5.0
V6 - Authentication Authentication mechanism validation
MITRE ATT&CK
2 techniques across 2 tactics: Defense Evasion, Initial Access The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up. |
| Exploitation Conditions | The attacker must already possess a valid WordPress username and password for the target account - the first authentication factor (password) must be correct. The vulnerability only bypasses the second factor; it does not eliminate the need for valid credentials. Exploitation requires the WP 2FA plugin to be installed, activated, and the target user to have a 2FA method configured and enabled on their account - users who have not enrolled in 2FA are not protected by this plugin but also are not directly affected by this specific bypass. No server-side configuration beyond plugin installation is required. Exploitation is limited by the credential prerequisite: if the attacker cannot obtain the target's password, this vulnerability is not exploitable. Administrator accounts are explicitly called out as reachable targets, maximizing potential blast radius when admin credentials are compromised. |
| Impact | The NVD-assigned CVSS 7.5 vector (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N) warrants scrutiny. The PR:N assignment is debatable: exploitation requires prior possession of the victim's account password, which functions as a meaningful access prerequisite - AC:H and I:H/A:H are arguably more accurate given the full account takeover impact (see assessed vector). The C:H/I:N/A:N impact split is also likely underscored: full WordPress admin account access enables content modification, plugin installation, and potential server-side code execution, implying I:H and A:H are more realistic. EPSS at 0.19% (9th percentile) is low despite the public exploit, suggesting exploitation remains targeted rather than automated mass-scanning. No CISA KEV listing is present, reinforcing this as not yet confirmed actively exploited at scale. The public POC from WPScan increases the operational risk window for sites that have not patched. For organizations where WordPress admin compromise would be high-impact, this is a real priority due to the credential-bypass nature undermining a security control users explicitly rely upon. |
| Exploit ScenarioDerived | An attacker who has obtained valid WordPress credentials for a target account (via phishing, credential stuffing from a prior breach, or password guessing) navigates to the wp-login.php page, authenticates with the stolen password, and when prompted for the 2FA code submits an empty or arbitrary token. The plugin fails to validate the second factor and grants a fully authenticated session. A publicly available exploit exists at the WPScan reference, demonstrating this bypass against affected plugin versions. |
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Alert meAnalysisAIv1 – Aug 05, 2026
Two-factor authentication bypass in the WP 2FA WordPress plugin before 4.1.0 allows an attacker who possesses a valid user password to completely skip the second authentication factor and gain full account access, including administrator-level accounts. The plugin presents the 2FA challenge but fails to server-side validate the submitted factor for any of its supported methods, rendering 2FA protections entirely ineffective. A publicly available exploit exists (sourced from WPScan), though EPSS sits at 0.19% (9th percentile), indicating limited observed exploitation activity at time of analysis despite the public proof-of-concept.
RemediationAI
The primary fix is to upgrade the WP 2FA plugin to version 4.1.0 or later, which resolves the missing second-factor validation. Plugin updates can be applied via the WordPress admin dashboard under Plugins > Installed Plugins > WP 2FA > Update, or via WP-CLI using 'wp plugin update wp-2fa'. The vendor advisory and exploit reference is at https://wpscan.com/vulnerability/a8d697c9-6de4-4a28-be9e-7d42abcb6c7e/. If immediate patching is not possible, a compensating control is to deactivate the WP 2FA plugin entirely until the patch is applied - note this removes 2FA protections completely, so it should be accompanied by enforcing strong unique passwords and restricting wp-login.php access by IP allowlist or WAF rule to reduce exposure from credential stuffing. Disabling the plugin is preferable to leaving a false sense of 2FA security in place.
Affected VersionsENISA
Affected Packages
Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)
Affects your stack
Affects 1 package in euvd
Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.
Technical ContextAI · show details
WP 2FA is a WordPress plugin that adds multi-factor authentication to WordPress sites, supporting multiple second-factor methods (TOTP, email OTP, etc.). The root cause is CWE-287 (Improper Authentication): the plugin correctly prompts the user for a second factor at login but the server-side code path responsible for validating the submitted token is absent, incomplete, or bypassable for the chosen method. Because WordPress authentication flows route through plugin hooks, a flaw in second-factor verification logic means the plugin grants session authentication without confirming the factor. Affected products per CPE are cpe:2.3:a:unknown:wp_2fa:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* covering all versions prior to 4.1.0. The NVD entry is cross-referenced as EUVD-2026-53119.
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- Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources
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Severity by source
AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
AC:H reflects the prerequisite of possessing valid target credentials; full admin account takeover warrants I:H and A:H beyond the NVD-assigned C:H only.
Primary rating from Vendor (WPScan).
CVSS VectorVendor: WPScan
Lifecycle Timeline
3DescriptionCVE.org
The WP 2FA WordPress plugin before 4.1.0 does not validate the second authentication factor when one of its supported methods is selected at login, allowing an attacker who already knows a user's password to bypass two-factor authentication and fully access the account, including administrator accounts.
Executive ViewAI
WP 2FA WordPress plugin versions before 4.1.0 contain a critical two-factor authentication bypass that completely eliminates second-factor protection for all user accounts, including administrators. Attackers with valid user credentials can bypass 2FA entirely and gain full account access. This vulnerability directly undermines authentication controls that organizations rely on to protect administrative access and sensitive data.
Vendor-released patch: version 4.1.0
Threat Intelligence Overview
How this decision was reached
The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.
What every action level means
SSVC AssessmentENISA
Priority Score
Attack Technique
Authentication bypass attacks exploit flaws in the verification mechanisms that control access to systems and applications.
TOTP replay in the WP 2FA WordPress plugin (versions before 4.1.0) allows an attacker who already knows an account's pas
Account takeover in the WP 2FA WordPress plugin (all versions before 3.1.1.2) is achievable by any attacker who has obta
The WP 2FA WordPress plugin before 2.2.1 does not sanitise and escape a parameter before outputting it back in an admin
The WP 2FA WordPress plugin before 2.3.0 uses comparison operators that don't mitigate time-based attacks, which could b
Cross-site request forgery in the Melapress WP 2FA WordPress plugin, affecting all versions through 4.1.0, allows an att
Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting') vulnerability in Melapress WP 2FA w
Site administrators on a WordPress Multisite network can strip the two-factor authentication configuration of user accou
Improper Authentication vulnerability in Melapress WP 2FA allows Authentication Bypass.2.0. Rated medium severity (CVSS
The WP 2FA - Two-factor authentication for WordPress plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Cross-Site Request Forgery in
The WP 2FA - Two-factor authentication for WordPress plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Insecure Direct Object Refere
EUVD-2026-53119
GHSA-r795-xx32-3hg7
NVD
CVE.org
EPSS
Vulnrichment
Exploit-DB