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Zimbra Collaboration Suite CVE-2026-115786

| EUVDEUVD-2026-109080 MEDIUM
Incorrect Calculation (CWE-682)
2026-10-23 rapid7 GHSA-w5xc-29c5-3j2h
6.5
CVSS 3.1 · Vendor: rapid7
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Attack ChainAIDerived

Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain

  1. Access
    Authenticate as low-privileged ZCS user
  2. Delivery
    Share document with target account
  3. Exploit
    Revoke the share repeatedly
  4. Execution
    Accumulate unreversed mailbox-wide quota
  5. Impact
    Exhaust victim quota, block incoming mail

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
ASVS 5.0
V15 - Secure Coding and Architecture Calculation correctness
Exploitation Conditions

Requires a valid authenticated account on the same Zimbra Collaboration Suite instance (PR:L) and use of the document file-sharing feature, which charges document size to mailbox-wide usage on share-record creation but fails to reverse that mailbox-wide charge on revocation. The victim account must have a finite (non-unlimited) mailbox quota for the attack to deny service; no victim interaction is needed (UI:N). Limiting factors: the attacker needs a provisioned low-privileged account rather than anonymous access, impact is confined to availability (no data read or modification), and accounts configured with unlimited quota are unaffected. Confirmed affected: ZCS 10.1.16 and 10.1.20; no fixed version is provided in the available evidence.

Impact

This is a moderate-severity availability issue, not a top-tier emergency. The supplied CVSS vector (AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H, base 6.5) is internally consistent with the description: a network-reachable, low-complexity attack requiring a valid low-privileged account (PR:L), no victim interaction (UI:N), and impact limited purely to availability (C:N/I:N/A:H) via mailbox quota exhaustion. The vuln.today decision label is 'this_month' rather than act_now/emergency, consistent with a privileged-but-unauthenticated-to-the-victim denial-of-service that cannot leak or alter data. No EPSS score was provided, no CISA KEV listing is present (not actively exploited per available data), and no confirmed working exploit code is indicated - only a Rapid7 research write-up reference exists. The one notable data conflict: the input Tags label this 'Information Disclosure,' which directly contradicts the CVSS vector (C:N) and the description - this is an availability/quota-accounting flaw (CWE-682 Incorrect Calculation), so the tag appears mislabeled and should not drive triage. Net: a credible, low-complexity DoS against individual mailboxes that warrants scheduled patching, not crisis response.

Exploit ScenarioDerived

An authenticated low-privileged Zimbra user repeatedly shares a document with a victim and then revokes it; each share charges the document size to the victim's mailbox-wide quota usage, but revocation never reverses that mailbox-wide charge. By looping normal share/revoke notifications, the attacker silently inflates the victim's quota until it is full, blocking incoming mail and other size-increasing operations without any victim interaction. A Rapid7 research write-up describing the Zimbra identity-boundary issues is publicly referenced, but the input does not confirm it as working exploit code.

This Month Plan within 30 days. Why: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9).
No patch listed yet 0.4% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Oct 23, 2026

Authenticated low-privileged users of Zimbra Collaboration Suite 10.1.16 and 10.1.20 can exhaust another mailbox's finite quota by repeatedly sharing and revoking a document with that recipient, with no victim interaction required. Each share creates a shared-file record that charges the document size to mailbox-wide usage, but revocation deletes the record and reverses only the folder counters, leaving the mailbox-wide charge in place, so repeated normal share notifications silently accumulate quota consumption after the visible records are gone. The result is availability-only impact (no data read or modification): once the quota is consumed, incoming mail and other size-increasing operations fail; accounts configured with unlimited quota are unaffected, and no public exploit or confirmed active exploitation was identified at time of analysis (decision priority: this_month).

RemediationAI

No vendor-released fixed version is identified in the available evidence for CVE-2026-115786; administrators should confirm current guidance and any released build on the Zimbra security advisories page (https://wiki.zimbra.com/wiki/Zimbra_Security_Advisories) before assuming a patched release exists. Because the mailbox-wide charge is not reversed on revocation, deleting the visible shared-file records does not by itself restore the lost quota, so affected mailboxes must be reviewed for inflated usage and their quota accounting corrected through vendor-supported means rather than assumed to self-heal. Compensating controls follow directly from the documented prerequisites and their trade-offs: setting unlimited quota on high-value or shared mailboxes removes the precondition for the denial of service but eliminates quota enforcement for those accounts entirely; restricting which accounts may use the document sharing feature removes the attacker's required capability at the cost of disabling a legitimate collaboration workflow for those users; and monitoring mailbox usage against configured quotas for repeated share/revoke patterns on the same recipient pair gives detection without blocking the feature. Note that the attack requires a provisioned low-privileged account, so tightening account provisioning and review reduces the attacker pool without addressing the underlying accounting defect.

Affected VersionsENISA

Zimbra Collaboration Suite 0 ≤10.1.20

Affected Packages

euvd zimbra_collaboration_suite no fix

Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)

Affects your stack

Affects 1 package in euvd

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

The root cause is an accounting asymmetry classed as CWE-682 (Incorrect Calculation). Zimbra's document file-sharing feature maintains two separate counters when a share record is created: per-folder counters and a mailbox-wide usage counter. Creation of the recipient's shared-file record charges the shared document's size to mailbox-wide usage, while revocation deletes the record and reverses the folder counters but does not reverse the mailbox-wide charge. Because the operation pairs a charged create with an uncharged delete, repeated ordinary share/revoke cycles act as a monotonically increasing quota sink. The relevant technology is Zimbra's mailbox quota enforcement, which gates inbound mail delivery and any other size-increasing operation; when the inflated usage reaches the configured quota, those operations are rejected for the victim. The CVSS vector CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H describes a network-reachable, low-complexity attack requiring a valid low-privileged account (PR:L) and no victim interaction (UI:N), confined to availability impact on the victim's mailbox. The trigger path is documented in the supplied sources; exploitation requires the attacker to hold a provisioned account on the same ZCS instance and to have access to the document sharing feature, and the victim mailbox must have a finite quota. CPE data identifies zimbra:zimbra_collaboration_suite with an unconstrained version wildcard, while the advisory-level evidence confirms only 10.1.16 and 10.1.20 as affected.

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Severity by source

Vendor (rapid7) PRIMARY 6.5 MEDIUM
AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
vuln.today AI 6.5 MEDIUM

Authenticated low-privileged user (PR:L) exploits a network-facing share feature with no victim interaction; impact is availability-only quota exhaustion, so C:N/I:N/A:H.

3.1 AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
4.0 AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Primary rating from Vendor (rapid7).

CVSS VectorVendor: rapid7

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
Low
Privileges Required
Low
User Interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
None
Integrity
None
Availability
High

DescriptionCVE.org

A mailbox quota-accounting vulnerability in Zimbra Collaboration Suite (ZCS) allows an authenticated user to consume another user’s mailbox quota by repeatedly sharing and revoking a document. Creation of the recipient’s shared-file record charges the document size to mailbox-wide usage. Revocation deletes the record and reverses its folder counters without reversing the mailbox-wide charge. Repeated normal share notifications therefore accumulate quota usage after the visible records are gone. On accounts with a finite quota, this can prevent incoming mail and other size-increasing operations without recipient interaction. The issue affects ZCS 10.1.16 and 10.1.20.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.4%
Top 63% exploitable
Prevalence
Medium
widely used enterprise collaboration/email suite, but single-vendor, below Exchange scale
Social Media
1
Sightings
Data Quality
4 sources
Confidence: Medium

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity MEDIUM
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS 0.4%
Patch available No
Active threat No
Deciding rule
MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived
Scheduled
Exploitation· derived
None
System Exposure· derived
Open
Automatable· derived
No
Human Impact· derived
Medium

Priority Score

32
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +32
PoC: 0
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0
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