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Helicone CVE-2026-108602

| EUVDEUVD-2026-96428 MEDIUM
Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) (CWE-918)
2026-10-10 VulnCheck GHSA-ch5j-5g34-4wwh
5.3
CVSS 4.0 · Vendor: VulnCheck
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Attack ChainAIDerived

Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain

  1. Access
    Authenticate as org user
  2. Delivery
    Create webhook with attacker-controlled public hostname
  3. Exploit
    DNS rebind host to internal/loopback address
  4. Execution
    Jawn sender issues blind POST to internal service
  5. Impact
    Integrity impact on reachable internal endpoint

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A01:2025 - Broken Access Control
ASVS 5.0
V4 - API and Web Service URL allowlisting, SSRF prevention
MITRE ATT&CK

2 techniques across 2 tactics: Initial Access, Credential Access

The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up.

Exploitation Conditions

Requires a valid authenticated account within a Helicone organization (PR:L) and access to the webhook-creation feature of the Jawn webhook sender. The attacker must control a public hostname whose DNS can resolve or be rebound to loopback/internal addresses, targeting an internal HTTPS service reachable from the Jawn backend. Limiting factors: exploitation is blind (POST-only, no response returned, VC:N), so it yields integrity-side effects on internal endpoints rather than data readback; it depends on the Jawn backend having network reachability to valuable internal services; and it is gated by org membership, so environments where all organization users are trusted face materially lower real-world risk. Affects Helicone through v2025.08.21-1.

Impact

This is a medium-severity SSRF (CWE-918) rated 5.3 via the provided CVSS 4.0 vector (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N) with only Vulnerable-System Integrity impact (VI:L) and no confidentiality, availability, or subsequent-system impact. The signals are internally consistent and point to a real but bounded issue rather than a critical priority: exploitation is network-reachable and low-complexity, but PR:L confirms it requires an authenticated organization user, which substantially limits the attacker population to those who already hold a valid tenant account. No EPSS score, KEV listing, or explicit POC flag was provided in the input, so there is no evidence of active exploitation or automatable mass-exploitation; absence of these signals is not itself a risk-reducing guarantee but does argue against widespread opportunistic attacks. The blind nature of the SSRF (POST-only, no response returned to the attacker) and the VC:N/VI:L rating indicate the primary impact is limited integrity effects on reachable internal services rather than data exfiltration, consistent with a blind SSRF. A detailed technical writeup (hackmd.io) and a VulnCheck advisory exist and describe the DNS-rebinding technique, which lowers the effort to reproduce; treat this as a meaningful finding for anyone running self-hosted Helicone with untrusted org members, but not an emergency patch for environments where all org users are trusted.

Exploit ScenarioDerived

An authenticated user in a Helicone organization creates a webhook pointing at a public hostname they control, which resolves (or is made to DNS-rebind) to a loopback or internal RFC1918 address. When Jawn's webhook sender fires, it issues a blind POST to that internal HTTPS endpoint, letting the attacker reach services not exposed to the internet (e.g., internal APIs or metadata/admin endpoints). A public technical writeup describing the DNS-rebinding method exists, lowering the barrier to reproduction, though no packaged exploit code was provided in the input.

This Month Plan within 30 days. Why: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9).
No patch listed yet 0.2% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Oct 10, 2026

Server-side request forgery in the Jawn webhook sender of Helicone (affected through v2025.08.21-1) allows authenticated organization users to create webhooks whose public hostnames resolve - or are DNS-rebound - to loopback or internal addresses, causing the Jawn backend to issue blind POST requests to internal HTTPS services. Rated 5.3 (CVSS 4.0 AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N with only VI:L and no confidentiality, availability, or subsequent-system impact), the vulnerability yields integrity-side effects on reachable internal endpoints rather than data readback. Exploitation requires a valid account within a Helicone organization (PR:L) plus control of a hostname that can resolve or rebind to private space; there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and CISA KEV does not list this CVE.

RemediationAI

No vendor-released patch was identified at time of analysis, so remediation must initially rely on compensating controls until an upstream fix is published; monitor the Helicone repository at https://github.com/Helicone/helicone and the VulnCheck advisory at https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/helicone-through-2025.08.21-1-ssrf-via-jawn-webhook-sender-dns-resolution for an updated build beyond v2025.08.21-1. Highest-value mitigation is network egress control on the Jawn backend: deny outbound TCP/443 (and 80) to loopback, RFC1918, link-local 169.254.0.0/16, and cloud metadata address 169.254.169.254, allowing only approved external destinations - the trade-off is that legitimate internal webhook receivers stop working and the allow-list must be maintained. If the Jawn service does not need internal connectivity at all, run it in a network segment with no route to internal services, and enable IMDSv2 or equivalent metadata protection on the host to blunt credential-theft attempts via the SSRF. Because exploitation is gated by authenticated org membership, restrict webhook-creation privileges to trusted administrators and audit existing webhook configurations for URLs whose DNS answers fall in private ranges, removing any that do - this limits exposure but does not stop a determined insider. Longer term, the code path in webhookSender.ts should resolve the hostname once, validate the resulting IP against a private-range denylist at connection time, and pin that IP for the request (disabling redirects), which closes the DNS-rebinding TOCTOU gap; until such a fix ships, these compensating controls carry the residual risk that a rebinding attacker can still reach any internal host the Jawn backend is permitted to contact.

Affected VersionsENISA

helicone 0 ≤v2025.08.21-1

Affects your stack

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Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

The flaw is a classic CWE-918 server-side request forgery rooted in how the Jawn service (Helicone's TypeScript backend under valhalla/jawn) validates and dispatches outbound webhooks. The webhook sender logic in valhalla/jawn/src/lib/clients/webhookSender.ts (lines 11-76) performs the outbound HTTP request, while the webhook controller in valhalla/jawn/src/controllers/public/webhookController.ts (lines 64-85) is the entry point where organization users register webhook URLs. Because hostname validation and the actual connection are not pinned together, an attacker-supplied public DNS name can resolve - or be re-resolved via DNS rebinding - to 127.0.0.1, RFC1918, or other internal ranges at request time. DNS rebinding exploits the time-of-check/time-of-use gap between any allow-list or format check and the outbound socket connection, so the Jawn worker ends up POSTing to an internal HTTPS service it was never meant to reach. The 4.0 vector's VC:N and blind POST-only nature constrain the primitive: responses are not returned to the attacker, so the technique is best suited to state-changing or blind side-effect requests against internal APIs rather than data exfiltration.

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Severity by source

Vendor (VulnCheck) PRIMARY 5.3 MEDIUM
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
vuln.today AI 4.3 MEDIUM

Network-reachable and low-complexity but gated by an authenticated org account (PR:L); blind POST yields limited integrity impact only (I:L), with no confidentiality or availability effect.

3.1 AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N
4.0 AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Primary rating from Vendor (VulnCheck).

CVSS VectorVendor: VulnCheck

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
Low
Attack Requirements
None
Privileges Required
Low
User Interaction
None
Vulnerable system: Confidentiality
None
Vulnerable system: Integrity
Low
Vulnerable system: Availability
None
Subsequent system: Confidentiality
None
Subsequent system: Integrity
None
Subsequent system: Availability
None

DescriptionCVE.org

Helicone through v2025.08.21-1 contains a server-side request forgery vulnerability in the Jawn webhook sender that allows authenticated organization users to reach internal services by using hostnames resolving to private addresses. Attackers can create webhooks with public hostnames that resolve or DNS-rebind to loopback or internal addresses, causing blind POST requests to internal HTTPS services.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.2%
Top 89% exploitable
Prevalence
Low
self-hosted open-source LLM observability tool, niche developer footprint
Data Quality
3 sources
Confidence: Low

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity MEDIUM
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS 0.2%
Patch available No
Active threat No
Deciding rule
MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived
Scheduled
Exploitation· derived
None
System Exposure· derived
Open
Automatable· derived
No
Human Impact· derived
Medium

Priority Score

26
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +26
PoC: 0
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

Server-Side Request Forgery exploits applications that fetch remote resources based on user-supplied URLs.

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