Attack ChainAIDerived
Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain
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AccessIdentify site with OTP-only + Delay OTP enabled
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DeliverySubmit login: known username, mo_wp_login_intent=otp, any password
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Exploitmo_delay_otp_process short-circuits before password/intent checks
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ExecutionInherit target's user-meta grace flag (mov_last_verified_dttm)
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ImpactAuthenticate as administrator
Vulnerability Assessment
| Weakness |
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A07:2025 - Authentication Failures
ASVS 5.0
V6 - Authentication Authentication mechanism validation
MITRE ATT&CK
2 techniques across 2 tactics: Defense Evasion, Initial Access The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up. |
| Exploitation Conditions | Exploitation requires three specific plugin settings on the target site: OTP-only login enabled (wp_login_skip_password=1 with wp_login_skip_password_fallback=0) AND Delay OTP Verification enabled (wp_login_delay_otp=1). Beyond configuration, exploitation is gated by a timing precondition the attacker does not control: the targeted account must currently be inside its configured Delay OTP grace interval (a recent legitimate verification must still be active). The attacker needs only knowledge of a valid username and the mo_wp_login_intent=otp request parameter with any non-empty password - no credentials, no user interaction. The limiting factors are the non-default passwordless configuration and the race-window dependency, which together explain the AC:H rating and sharply narrow the realistically exploitable population. |
| Impact | This is a genuine high-impact authentication bypass (CVSS 8.1, CWE-287) that yields full takeover of any WordPress account, including administrators, with complete C/I/A impact. However, the exploitability signals are mixed and should temper prioritization. The CVSS vector correctly flags AC:H because exploitation depends on multiple non-default preconditions AND a timing window outside the attacker's control. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and the source (Wordfence) does not indicate active exploitation; this CVE is not listed in CISA KEV and no EPSS score was provided, so widespread opportunistic exploitation cannot be asserted. The result is a serious-but-conditional flaw: catastrophic where OTP-only login with Delay OTP is enabled, but inapplicable to the majority of installs running default configurations. Treat as a priority patch for any site using miniOrange OTP-only passwordless login with the Delay OTP feature; lower urgency elsewhere. Note that PR:N confirms the attacker needs no credentials, which is the aggravating factor justifying high severity despite the configuration gate. |
| Exploit ScenarioDerived | On a WordPress site configured for OTP-only passwordless login with Delay OTP Verification enabled, an unauthenticated attacker submits a login request for a known administrator username with the parameter mo_wp_login_intent=otp and any non-empty password. If the targeted admin recently completed OTP verification and is still inside the configured Delay OTP grace interval, the attacker inherits that grace window and is authenticated as the administrator without ever supplying valid credentials. No public exploit code is identified at time of analysis. |
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Alert meAnalysisAIv1 – Oct 16, 2026
Unauthenticated account takeover of WordPress sites running miniOrange OTP Login, Verification and SMS Notifications through 5.5.8 is possible because the Delay OTP grace flag is stored per user rather than being bound to the originating session, cookie, IP address, or device. When OTP-only login and Delay OTP Verification are enabled and the target account is inside its grace interval, an attacker can submit a known username with mo_wp_login_intent=otp and any non-empty password to inherit that user's verified state and log in as any account, including administrators. No public exploit code or CISA KEV active exploitation was identified at time of analysis, and exploitation is constrained by non-default settings plus a race-window timing precondition (CVSS 8.1, AC:H).
RemediationAI
Apply the upstream vendor fix as soon as possible: the plugin is vulnerable through 5.5.8, and the cited trunk changeset 3733803 appears to contain the correction, so update to a release containing that fix (released patched version not independently confirmed). If immediate update is not possible, disable the conditions that make the bypass reachable: turn off OTP-only login by setting wp_login_skip_password=0 or enabling wp_login_skip_password_fallback=1, and disable Delay OTP Verification with wp_login_delay_otp=0. The trade-offs are that disabling OTP-only login restores password-based authentication and may weaken an OTP-only policy, while disabling Delay OTP Verification forces OTP entry on every login and can increase user friction and SMS costs. Also review and, if compromise is suspected, invalidate active sessions and rotate administrator credentials; restrict access to wp-login.php where operationally feasible. Vendor advisory: https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/4a3a7097-e184-40d0-9c26-7c5638c937a5?source=cve; fix changeset: https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset/3733803/miniorange-otp-verification/trunk/handler/forms/class-wploginform.php.
Affected VersionsENISA
Affected Packages
Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)
Affects your stack
Affects 1 package in euvd
Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.
Technical ContextAI · show details
The issue is an improper authentication flaw (CWE-287) in the WordPress plugin miniOrange OTP Login, Verification and SMS Notifications, mapped by CPE as cpe:2.3:a:cyberlord92:miniorange_otp_login,_verification_and_sms_notifications:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* and confirmed vulnerable through 5.5.8. According to the reported analysis, the mo_by_pass_login() function interacts with mo_delay_otp_process(), which short-circuits the authentication flow before password validation and before the administrator intent gate added in 5.5.6 can run. The root cause is that the Delay OTP grace flag mov_last_verified_dttm is stored as a user_meta row keyed solely by the target user ID, with no binding to the session, cookie, IP address, or device; any requester who knows a valid username can therefore reuse an open grace window created by a legitimate recent verification. The vulnerable code paths are referenced in the plugin's handler/forms/class-wploginform.php file, including lines around 511, 1050, 1170, 1519, and 1573, with a trunk changeset 3733803 cited as the upstream fix. Exploitation requires the site to have OTP-only login enabled (wp_login_skip_password=1 and wp_login_skip_password_fallback=0) and Delay OTP Verification enabled (wp_login_delay_otp=1), and the targeted account must currently be within its configured Delay OTP interval.
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Severity by source
AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Remote and unauthenticated (AV:N, PR:N, UI:N); AC:H because success depends on non-default config plus a grace-window timing condition; full account/admin takeover gives C:H/I:H/A:H.
Primary rating from Vendor (Wordfence).
CVSS VectorVendor: Wordfence
DescriptionCVE.org
The miniOrange OTP Login, Verification and SMS Notifications plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Authentication Bypass in versions up to, and including, 5.5.8 via the mo_by_pass_login() function. This is due to mo_delay_otp_process() short-circuiting the authentication flow before password validation or the administrator intent gate (added in 5.5.6) can run, combined with the Delay OTP grace flag (mov_last_verified_dttm) being stored as a user_meta row keyed solely by target user ID with no binding to the originating session, cookie, IP address, or device. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to authenticate as any WordPress user - including administrators - by submitting only a known username with the mo_wp_login_intent=otp parameter and any non-empty password, thereby inheriting a legitimate user's open Delay OTP grace window without ever supplying correct credentials. Exploitation requires the site to have OTP-only login (wp_login_skip_password=1, wp_login_skip_password_fallback=0) and Delay OTP Verification (wp_login_delay_otp=1) enabled, and the target account must currently be within its configured Delay OTP interval.
Executive ViewAI
The miniOrange OTP Login, Verification and SMS Notifications plugin for WordPress (versions through 5.5.8) has a high-severity flaw that can allow an attacker to gain unauthorized access to user accounts, including administrators, on sites with certain non-default authentication settings enabled. Successful exploitation could lead to full site compromise, data exposure, and operational disruption, making it important for leadership to identify affected WordPress instances and reduce exposure. No public exploit identified at time of analysis.
No vendor-released patch identified at time of analysis; interim mitigations include disabling OTP-only login and Delay OTP Verification, deactivating the plugin if feasible, restricting login access to trusted networks, enforcing additional authentication, monitoring for anomalous logins, and applying virtual patching/WAF rules if available.
Threat Intelligence Overview
How this decision was reached
The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.
What every action level means
SSVC AssessmentENISA
Priority Score
Attack Technique
Authentication bypass attacks exploit flaws in the verification mechanisms that control access to systems and applications.
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EUVD-2026-102638
GHSA-vw7g-2fxg-c3v8
NVD
CVE.org
EPSS
Vulnrichment
Exploit-DB