What is the CVSS score of CVE-2025-9935?

CVE-2025-9935 has a CVSS 4.0 base score of 5.5 (Medium). CVSS vector: CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P. EPSS exploitation probability: 1.0%.

Is there a public PoC exploit available for CVE-2025-9935?

Yes, a public proof-of-concept exploit is available for CVE-2025-9935. Prioritise patching immediately. EPSS: 1.0%.

How to fix or mitigate CVE-2025-9935?

Within 30 days: Identify affected systems and apply vendor patches as part of regular patch cycle. Validate input sanitization for user-controlled parameters.

N600r Firmware CVE-2025-9935

MEDIUM

Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component ('Injection') (CWE-74)

2025-09-04 cna@vuldb.com

Command Injection N600r Firmware TOTOLINK

5.5

CVSS 4.0 · NVD

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Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness	CWE CWE-74 OWASP Top 10:2025 A05:2025 - Injection ASVS 5.0 V1 - Encoding and Sanitization Input neutralization, injection prevention
Impact	CVSS score of 6.9 (MEDIUM). Attack characteristics: network attack vector, low complexity, no privileges required, no user interaction not required. Public proof-of-concept exploit code is available. EPSS exploitation probability: 1.05%.
Exploit ScenarioDerived	This vulnerability can be exploited remotely over the network. Successful exploitation could compromise the medium-severity affected system.

This Month Plan within 30 days. Why: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9).

No patch listed yet 1.0% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Mar 28, 2026

A vulnerability was determined in TOTOLINK N600R 4.3.0cu.7866_B20220506. Rated medium severity (CVSS 6.9), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.

RemediationAI

No vendor patch is available at time of analysis. Monitor vendor advisories for updates. Apply vendor patches when available. Implement network segmentation and monitoring as interim mitigations.

Affects your stack

Find out whether the stacks and servers you run are on an affected version.

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

This vulnerability is classified under CWE-74. A vulnerability was determined in TOTOLINK N600R 4.3.0cu.7866_B20220506. This vulnerability affects the function sub_4159F8 of the file /web_cste/cgi-bin/cstecgi.cgi. Executing manipulation can lead to command injection. The attack can be executed remotely. The exploit has been publicly disclosed and may be utilized. Affected products include: Totolink N600R Firmware.

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Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources

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Severity by source

NVD PRIMARY 5.5 MEDIUM

CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P

Primary rating from NVD · only source for this CVE.

CVSS VectorNVD

Attack Vector

Network

Attack Complexity

Low

Attack Requirements

None

Privileges Required

None

User Interaction

None

Vulnerable system: Confidentiality

Low

Vulnerable system: Integrity

Low

Vulnerable system: Availability

Low

Subsequent system: Confidentiality

None

Subsequent system: Integrity

None

Subsequent system: Availability

None

Lifecycle Timeline

CVSS changed

Apr 29, 2026 - 01:11 NVD

6.9 (MEDIUM) 5.5 (MEDIUM)

PoC Detected

Sep 29, 2025 - 18:32 vuln.today

Public exploit code

CVE Published

Sep 04, 2025 - 10:42 nvd

MEDIUM 6.9

DescriptionCVE.org

A vulnerability was determined in TOTOLINK N600R 4.3.0cu.7866_B20220506. This vulnerability affects the function sub_4159F8 of the file /web_cste/cgi-bin/cstecgi.cgi. Executing manipulation can lead to command injection. The attack can be executed remotely. The exploit has been publicly disclosed and may be utilized.

Executive ViewAI

Why It Matters

Organizations using A vulnerability should be aware of notable risk from CVE-2025-9935, a injection vulnerability rated CVSS 6.9. Exploitation could allow attackers to execute code or inject malicious input. Proof-of-concept code is publicly available. Organizations should apply vendor updates when available and monitor for exploitation.

Business Impact: Moderate

Compensating Controls

Apply vendor patch. If patching is delayed: deploy WAF rules, restrict network access, enable logging.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score

1.0%

Top 23% exploitable

Exploit

POC

Public exploit code exists

Data Quality

5 sources

Confidence: Medium

NVD

CVE.org

EPSS

GitHub

VulDB

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue

Severity MEDIUM

CISA KEV No

Public POC Yes

EPSS 1.0%

Patch available No

Active threat No

Deciding rule

MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9)

What every action level means

Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.

Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.

This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.

This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.

Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

Exploitation· derived

Poc

System Exposure· derived

Open

Automatable· derived

Yes

Priority Score

Low Medium High Critical

KEV: 0

EPSS: +1

CVSS: +28

PoC: +20

Weaponized: 0

Threat intel: 0

Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

OS Command Injection CRITICAL

OS command injection occurs when an application passes unsanitized user input directly into system shell commands.

Affected Products (CPE)CVE.org

cpe:2.3:o:totolink:n600r_firmware:4.3.0cu.7866_b20220506:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

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Totolink N600R v4.3.0cu.7647_B20210106 was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the macCloneMac parameter in the s

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TOTOLINK N600R V4.3.0cu.7647_B20210106 was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the url parameter in the function

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TOTOLINK N600R V4.3.0cu.7647_B20210106 was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the File parameter in the function

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TOTOLINK N600R V4.3.0cu.7647_B20210106 was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the comment parameter in the funct

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TOTOLINK N600R V4.3.0cu.7647_B20210106 was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the comment parameter in the funct

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TOTOLINK N600R V4.3.0cu.7647_B20210106 was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the macAddress parameter in the fu

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TOTOLINK N600R V4.3.0cu.7647_B20210106 was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the comment parameter in the funct

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9.8 May 10

TOTOLINK N600R V4.3.0cu.7647_B20210106 was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the comment parameter in the funct

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References

Advisories & patches

REF https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.322337 REF https://vuldb.com/?id.322337 REF https://vuldb.com/?submit.643088 REF https://www.totolink.net/

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GitHub PoC

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