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Curl CVE-2025-9086

HIGH
Out-of-bounds Read (CWE-125)
2025-09-12 2499f714-1537-4658-8207-48ae4bb9eae9
Buffer Overflow Information Disclosure Debian Curl Debian Linux Haxx
7.5
CVSS 3.1 · Vendor: 2499f714-1537-4658-8207-48ae4bb9eae9
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Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
CWE-125
OWASP Top 10:2025
A06:2021 - Vulnerable and Outdated Components
ASVS 5.0
V15 - Secure Coding and Architecture Bounds checking, read limits
MITRE ATT&CK

1 technique across 1 tactic: Collection

The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up.

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Impact

CVSS score of 7.5 (HIGH). Attack characteristics: network attack vector, low complexity, no privileges required, no user interaction not required. Public proof-of-concept exploit code is available. EPSS exploitation probability: 0.03%.
Exploit ScenarioDerived

A remote attacker could read data from memory outside the intended buffer boundaries by sending crafted requests to the affected application. No authentication is required to exploit this vulnerability.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Why: Active threat signals + CRITICAL/HIGH severity.
Patch available 0.0% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Mar 28, 2026

  1. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available.

RemediationAI

A vendor patch is available. Apply the latest security update as soon as possible. Validate array indices and buffer lengths. Use memory-safe languages. Enable AddressSanitizer during testing.

Affects your stack

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Technical ContextAI · show details

This vulnerability is classified as Out-of-bounds Read (CWE-125), which allows attackers to read data from memory outside the intended buffer boundaries. 1. A cookie is set using the secure keyword for https://target 2. curl is redirected to or otherwise made to speak with http://target (same hostname, but using clear text HTTP) using the same cookie set 3. The same cookie name is set - but with just a slash as path (path=\"/\",). Since this site is not secure, the cookie *should* just be ignored. 4. A bug in the path comparison logic makes curl read outside a heap buffer boundary The bug either causes a crash or it potentially makes the comparison come to the wrong conclusion and lets the clear-text site override the contents of the secure cookie, contrary to expectations and depending on the memory contents immediately following the single-byte allocation that holds the path. The presumed and correct behavior would be to plainly ignore the second set of the cookie since it was already set as secure on a secure host so overriding it on an insecure host should not be okay. Affected products include: Haxx Curl, Debian Debian Linux.

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  • Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources
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Severity by source

Vendor (2499f714-1537-4658-8207-48ae4bb9eae9) PRIMARY 7.5 HIGH
AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
SUSE HIGH
Red Hat 5.3 MEDIUM

Primary rating from Vendor (2499f714-1537-4658-8207-48ae4bb9eae9).

CVSS VectorVendor: 2499f714-1537-4658-8207-48ae4bb9eae9

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
Low
Privileges Required
None
User Interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
None
Integrity
None
Availability
High

Lifecycle Timeline

3
Patch released
Mar 28, 2026 - 19:11 nvd
Patch available
PoC Detected
Jan 20, 2026 - 14:58 vuln.today
Public exploit code
CVE Published
Sep 12, 2025 - 06:15 nvd
HIGH 7.5

DescriptionCVE.org

  1. A cookie is set using the secure keyword for https://target
  2. curl is redirected to or otherwise made to speak with http://target (same

hostname, but using clear text HTTP) using the same cookie set

  1. The same cookie name is set - but with just a slash as path (path=\"/\",).

Since this site is not secure, the cookie *should* just be ignored.

  1. A bug in the path comparison logic makes curl read outside a heap buffer

boundary

The bug either causes a crash or it potentially makes the comparison come to the wrong conclusion and lets the clear-text site override the contents of the secure cookie, contrary to expectations and depending on the memory contents immediately following the single-byte allocation that holds the path.

The presumed and correct behavior would be to plainly ignore the second set of the cookie since it was already set as secure on a secure host so overriding it on an insecure host should not be okay.

Executive ViewAI

Why It Matters

Organizations using 1. A cookie face notable risk from CVE-2025-9086, a out-of-bounds read vulnerability rated CVSS 7.5. Exploitation could compromise the security of affected deployments. Proof-of-concept code is publicly available, increasing the risk of exploitation. A patch is available and should be applied as part of regular vulnerability management.

Business Impact: High
Compensating Controls

Apply vendor patch. If immediate patching is not feasible: (1) Implement network-level access controls to limit exposure; (2) Enable enhanced monitoring and alerting; (3) Apply principle of least privilege.

Threat Intelligence Overview

Threat Score
5.0/10
Composite threat intelligence
EPSS Score
0.0%
Top 93% exploitable
Threat Intel
1
1 source
Exploit
POC
Public exploit code exists
Data Quality
6 sources
Confidence: High
NVD CVE.org EPSS CISA Vendor VulDB

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity HIGH
CISA KEV No
Public POC Yes
EPSS 0.0%
Patch available Yes
Active threat Yes
Deciding rule
Active threat signals + CRITICAL/HIGH severity
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived
Out-of-Cycle
Exploitation· derived
Poc
System Exposure· derived
Open
Automatable· derived
Yes
Human Impact
High

Priority Score

68
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +38
PoC: +20
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: +10
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

Buffer Overflow HIGH

A buffer overflow occurs when a program writes more data to a memory buffer than it was allocated to hold, causing the excess data to spill into adjacent memory regions.

Information Disclosure MEDIUM

Information disclosure occurs when an application unintentionally exposes sensitive data that aids attackers in reconnaissance or directly compromises security.

Affected Products (CPE)CVE.org

cpe:2.3:a:haxx:curl:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:debian:debian_linux:11.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

More in Curl

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CVE-2021-22901 HIGH POC
8.1 Jun 11

curl 7.75.0 through 7.76.1 suffers from a use-after-free vulnerability resulting in already freed memory being used when
CVE-2013-0249 HIGH POC
7.5 Mar 08

Stack-based buffer overflow in the Curl_sasl_create_digest_md5_message function in lib/curl_sasl.c in curl and libcurl 7
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7.5 Apr 24

The sanitize_cookie_path function in cURL and libcurl 7.31.0 through 7.41.0 does not properly calculate an index, which

CVE-2022-32206 MEDIUM POC
6.5 Jul 07

curl < 7.84.0 supports "chained" HTTP compression algorithms, meaning that a serverresponse can be compressed multiple t
CVE-2022-32207 CRITICAL POC
9.8 Jul 07

When curl < 7.84.0 saves cookies, alt-svc and hsts data to local files, it makes the operation atomic by finalizing the

CVE-2022-43551 HIGH POC
7.5 Dec 23

A vulnerability exists in curl <7.87.0 HSTS check that could be bypassed to trick it to keep using HTTP. Rated high seve
CVE-2022-32221 CRITICAL POC
9.8 Dec 05

When doing HTTP(S) transfers, libcurl might erroneously use the read callback (`CURLOPT_READFUNCTION`) to ask for data t
CVE-2018-0500 CRITICAL POC
9.8 Jul 11

Curl_smtp_escape_eob in lib/smtp.c in curl 7.54.1 to and including curl 7.60.0 has a heap-based buffer overflow that mig
CVE-2022-32205 MEDIUM POC
4.3 Jul 07

A malicious server can serve excessive amounts of `Set-Cookie:` headers in a HTTP response to curl and curl < 7.84.0 sto
CVE-2023-23914 CRITICAL POC
9.1 Feb 23

A cleartext transmission of sensitive information vulnerability exists in curl <v7.88.0 that could cause HSTS functional
CVE-2023-27534 HIGH POC
8.8 Mar 30

A path traversal vulnerability exists in curl <8.0.0 SFTP implementation causes the tilde (~) character to be wrongly re
CVE-2023-27533 HIGH POC
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A vulnerability in input validation exists in curl <8.0 during communication using the TELNET protocol may allow an atta

Same weakness CWE-125 – Out-of-bounds Read

View all
CVE-2014-0160 HIGH POC
7.5
CVE-2016-5198 HIGH POC
8.8
CVE-2025-5777 CRITICAL POC
9.3
CVE-2016-1646 HIGH POC
8.8
CVE-2017-5030 HIGH POC
8.8
CVE-2016-4523 HIGH
7.5
CVE-2024-48456 HIGH POC
7.5
CVE-2024-48457 HIGH POC
7.5

Same technique Buffer Overflow

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CVE-2017-7269 CRITICAL POC
9.8
CVE-2015-5119 CRITICAL POC
9.8
CVE-2015-3113 CRITICAL POC
9.8
CVE-2011-2462 CRITICAL POC
9.8
CVE-2020-0796 CRITICAL POC
10.0
CVE-2019-11043 CRITICAL POC
9.8
CVE-2009-0927 HIGH POC
8.8
CVE-2012-1889 HIGH POC
8.8

Vendor StatusVendor

SUSE

Severity: High
Product Status
Container containers/lmcache-lmstack-router:0.1.6-1.2 Container containers/lmcache-vllm-openai:0.3.2-1.2 Container containers/milvus:2.4.6-7.197 Container containers/pytorch:2.8.0-nvidia-3.6 Container containers/vllm-openai:0.9.1-1.2 Container private-registry/harbor-db:2.13.2_git56172457-4.12 Container private-registry/harbor-trivy-adapter:1.1.0-1.1 Container suse/manager/5.0/x86_64/server-hub-xmlrpc-api:5.0.5.1.6.26.1 Container suse/manager/5.0/x86_64/server-migration-14-16:5.0.6.7.29.1 Container trento/trento-wanda:2.0.0-build1.32.1 Container trento/trento-web:3.0.0-build4.55.1 Image SLES15-SP6-CHOST-BYOS-Aliyun Image SLES15-SP6-CHOST-BYOS-GDC Image SLES15-SP6-CHOST-BYOS-SAP-CCloud Image ai_15_6 Affected
Container containers/open-webui-mcpo:0.0.17-1.1 Container containers/open-webui-pipelines:0.20250819.030501-7.2 Container containers/open-webui:0.6.18-12.30 Container suse/manager/5.0/x86_64/proxy-httpd:5.0.5.1.7.26.2 Container suse/manager/5.0/x86_64/proxy-salt-broker:5.0.5.1.7.28.2 Container suse/manager/5.0/x86_64/server:5.0.5.1.7.33.2 Image SLES15-SP6 Image SLES15-SP6-Azure-3P Image SLES15-SP6-Azure-Basic Image SLES15-SP6-Azure-Standard Image SLES15-SP6-BYOS Image SLES15-SP6-BYOS-Azure Image SLES15-SP6-BYOS-EC2 Image SLES15-SP6-BYOS-GCE Image SLES15-SP6-CHOST-BYOS Image SLES15-SP6-CHOST-BYOS-Azure Image SLES15-SP6-CHOST-BYOS-EC2 Image SLES15-SP6-CHOST-BYOS-GCE Image SLES15-SP6-EC2 Image SLES15-SP6-EC2-ECS-HVM Image SLES15-SP6-GCE Image SLES15-SP6-HPC Image SLES15-SP6-HPC-Azure Image SLES15-SP6-HPC-BYOS Image SLES15-SP6-HPC-BYOS-Azure Image SLES15-SP6-HPC-BYOS-EC2 Image SLES15-SP6-HPC-BYOS-GCE Image SLES15-SP6-HPC-EC2 Image SLES15-SP6-HPC-GCE Image SLES15-SP6-Hardened-BYOS Image SLES15-SP6-Hardened-BYOS-Azure Image SLES15-SP6-Hardened-BYOS-EC2 Image SLES15-SP6-Hardened-BYOS-GCE Image SLES15-SP6-SAP-Azure-3P Image SLES15-SP6-SAP-Azure-LI-BYOS Image SLES15-SP6-SAP-Azure-LI-BYOS-Production Image SLES15-SP6-SAP-Azure-VLI-BYOS Image SLES15-SP6-SAP-Azure-VLI-BYOS-Production Image SLES15-SP6-SAP-BYOS Image SLES15-SP6-SAP-BYOS-Azure Image SLES15-SP6-SAP-BYOS-EC2 Image SLES15-SP6-SAP-BYOS-GCE Image SLES15-SP6-SAP-Hardened Image SLES15-SP6-SAP-Hardened-Azure Image SLES15-SP6-SAP-Hardened-BYOS Image SLES15-SP6-SAP-Hardened-BYOS-Azure Image SLES15-SP6-SAP-Hardened-BYOS-EC2 Image SLES15-SP6-SAP-Hardened-BYOS-GCE Image SLES15-SP6-SAP-Hardened-EC2 Image SLES15-SP6-SAP-Hardened-GCE Affected
Container suse/ltss/sle12.5/sles12sp5:8.5.129 Image SLES12-SP5-EC2-ECS-On-Demand Affected
Container suse/manager/4.3/proxy-httpd:4.3.16.9.67.22 Container suse/manager/4.3/proxy-salt-broker:4.3.16.9.57.24 Container suse/sle-micro-rancher/5.3:latest Container suse/sle-micro-rancher/5.4:5.4.4.5.54 Container suse/sle-micro/5.3/toolbox:14.2-6.11.182 Container suse/sle-micro/5.4/toolbox:14.2-5.19.182 Container suse/sle-micro/5.5/toolbox:14.2-3.12.89 Container suse/sle-micro/base-5.5:2.0.4-5.8.205 Image SLES15-SP4-BYOS Image SLES15-SP4-BYOS-Azure Image SLES15-SP4-BYOS-EC2 Image SLES15-SP4-BYOS-GCE Image SLES15-SP4-CHOST-BYOS Image SLES15-SP4-CHOST-BYOS-Aliyun Image SLES15-SP4-CHOST-BYOS-Azure Image SLES15-SP4-CHOST-BYOS-EC2 Image SLES15-SP4-CHOST-BYOS-GCE Image SLES15-SP4-CHOST-BYOS-SAP-CCloud Image SLES15-SP4-HPC-BYOS Image SLES15-SP4-HPC-BYOS-Azure Image SLES15-SP4-HPC-BYOS-EC2 Image SLES15-SP4-HPC-BYOS-GCE Image SLES15-SP4-HPC-EC2 Image SLES15-SP4-HPC-GCE Image SLES15-SP4-Hardened-BYOS Image SLES15-SP4-Hardened-BYOS-Azure Image SLES15-SP4-Hardened-BYOS-EC2 Image SLES15-SP4-Hardened-BYOS-GCE Image SLES15-SP4-Manager-Proxy-4-3-BYOS Image SLES15-SP4-Manager-Proxy-4-3-BYOS-Azure Image SLES15-SP4-Manager-Proxy-4-3-BYOS-EC2 Image SLES15-SP4-Manager-Proxy-4-3-BYOS-GCE Image SLES15-SP4-Manager-Server-4-3-BYOS Image SLES15-SP4-Manager-Server-4-3-BYOS-Azure Image SLES15-SP4-Manager-Server-4-3-BYOS-EC2 Image SLES15-SP4-Manager-Server-4-3-BYOS-GCE Image SLES15-SP4-Micro-5-3 Image SLES15-SP4-Micro-5-3-BYOS Image SLES15-SP4-Micro-5-3-BYOS-Azure Image SLES15-SP4-Micro-5-3-BYOS-EC2 Image SLES15-SP4-Micro-5-3-BYOS-GCE Image SLES15-SP4-Micro-5-3-EC2 Image SLES15-SP4-Micro-5-4 Image SLES15-SP4-Micro-5-4-BYOS Image SLES15-SP4-Micro-5-4-BYOS-Azure Image SLES15-SP4-Micro-5-4-BYOS-EC2 Image SLES15-SP4-Micro-5-4-BYOS-GCE Image SLES15-SP4-Micro-5-4-EC2 Image SLES15-SP4-Micro-5-4-GCE Image SLES15-SP4-SAP-Azure-LI-BYOS Image SLES15-SP4-SAP-Azure-LI-BYOS-Production Image SLES15-SP4-SAP-Azure-VLI-BYOS Image SLES15-SP4-SAP-Azure-VLI-BYOS-Production Image SLES15-SP4-SAP-BYOS Image SLES15-SP4-SAP-BYOS-Azure Image SLES15-SP4-SAP-BYOS-EC2 Image SLES15-SP4-SAP-BYOS-GCE Image SLES15-SP4-SAP-Hardened Image SLES15-SP4-SAP-Hardened-Azure Image SLES15-SP4-SAP-Hardened-BYOS Image SLES15-SP4-SAP-Hardened-BYOS-Azure Image SLES15-SP4-SAP-Hardened-BYOS-EC2 Image SLES15-SP4-SAP-Hardened-BYOS-GCE Image SLES15-SP4-SAP-Hardened-GCE Image SLES15-SP5-Azure-3P Image SLES15-SP5-Azure-Basic Image SLES15-SP5-Azure-Standard Image SLES15-SP5-BYOS-Azure Image SLES15-SP5-BYOS-EC2 Image SLES15-SP5-BYOS-GCE Image SLES15-SP5-CHOST-BYOS-Aliyun Image SLES15-SP5-CHOST-BYOS-Azure Image SLES15-SP5-CHOST-BYOS-EC2 Image SLES15-SP5-CHOST-BYOS-GCE Image SLES15-SP5-CHOST-BYOS-GDC Image SLES15-SP5-CHOST-BYOS-SAP-CCloud Image SLES15-SP5-EC2 Image SLES15-SP5-GCE Image SLES15-SP5-HPC-Azure Image SLES15-SP5-HPC-BYOS-Azure Image SLES15-SP5-HPC-BYOS-EC2 Image SLES15-SP5-HPC-BYOS-GCE Image SLES15-SP5-Hardened-BYOS-Azure Image SLES15-SP5-Hardened-BYOS-EC2 Image SLES15-SP5-Hardened-BYOS-GCE Image SLES15-SP5-Manager-Proxy-5-0-BYOS Image SLES15-SP5-Manager-Proxy-5-0-BYOS-Azure Image SLES15-SP5-Manager-Proxy-5-0-BYOS-EC2 Image SLES15-SP5-Manager-Proxy-5-0-BYOS-GCE Image SLES15-SP5-Manager-Server-5-0 Image SLES15-SP5-Manager-Server-5-0-Azure-llc Image SLES15-SP5-Manager-Server-5-0-Azure-ltd Image SLES15-SP5-Manager-Server-5-0-BYOS Image SLES15-SP5-Manager-Server-5-0-BYOS-Azure Image SLES15-SP5-Manager-Server-5-0-BYOS-EC2 Image SLES15-SP5-Manager-Server-5-0-BYOS-GCE Image SLES15-SP5-Manager-Server-5-0-EC2-llc Image SLES15-SP5-Manager-Server-5-0-EC2-ltd Image SLES15-SP5-Micro-5-5 Image SLES15-SP5-Micro-5-5-Azure Image SLES15-SP5-Micro-5-5-BYOS Image SLES15-SP5-Micro-5-5-BYOS-Azure Image SLES15-SP5-Micro-5-5-BYOS-EC2 Image SLES15-SP5-Micro-5-5-BYOS-GCE Image SLES15-SP5-Micro-5-5-EC2 Image SLES15-SP5-Micro-5-5-GCE Image SLES15-SP5-SAP-Azure-3P Image SLES15-SP5-SAP-Azure-LI-BYOS Image SLES15-SP5-SAP-Azure-LI-BYOS-Production Image SLES15-SP5-SAP-Azure-VLI-BYOS Image SLES15-SP5-SAP-Azure-VLI-BYOS-Production Image SLES15-SP5-SAP-BYOS-Azure Image SLES15-SP5-SAP-BYOS-EC2 Image SLES15-SP5-SAP-BYOS-GCE Image SLES15-SP5-SAP-Hardened-Azure Image SLES15-SP5-SAP-Hardened-BYOS-Azure Image SLES15-SP5-SAP-Hardened-BYOS-EC2 Image SLES15-SP5-SAP-Hardened-BYOS-GCE Image SLES15-SP5-SAP-Hardened-GCE Affected
Container suse/sl-micro/6.0/baremetal-os-container:2.1.3-6.87 Container suse/sl-micro/6.0/kvm-os-container:2.1.3-6.78 Container suse/sl-micro/6.0/rt-os-container:2.1.3-7.88 Affected

Threat IntelligenceMISP

CISA Advisories
ICSA-26-188-05
Sources: CISA (public domain)

References

Advisories & patches
PATCH http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2025/09/10/1 PATCH https://curl.se/docs/CVE-2025-9086.html ADVISORY https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:23043 ADVISORY https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:23125 ADVISORY https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:23126 ADVISORY https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:23127 ADVISORY https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:23383 ADVISORY https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:1350 ADVISORY https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:1477 ADVISORY https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:1736 ADVISORY https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:1825 ADVISORY https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:2485 ADVISORY https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:2563 ADVISORY https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:4943 ADVISORY https://curl.se/docs/CVE-2025-9086.json ADVISORY https://vuldb.com/vuln/323608 ADVISORY https://www.suse.com/support/update/SUSE-SU-2025:03173/ ADVISORY https://www.suse.com/support/update/SUSE-SU-2025:03198/ ADVISORY https://www.suse.com/support/update/SUSE-SU-2025:03267/ ADVISORY https://www.suse.com/support/update/SUSE-SU-2025:03268/ ADVISORY https://www.suse.com/support/update/SUSE-SU-2025:20802/ ADVISORY https://www.suse.com/support/update/SUSE-SU-2025:20824/ ADVISORY https://www.suse.com/support/update/SUSE-SU-2025:21077/ ADVISORY https://www.suse.com/support/update/SUSE-SU-2025:21145/ REF https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-089022.html REF https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-253495.html REF https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2026/01/msg00002.html

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