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Adobe Experience Manager CVE-2025-64591

MEDIUM
Cross-site Scripting (XSS) (CWE-79)
2025-12-10 psirt@adobe.com
5.4
CVSS 3.1 · Vendor: adobe
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Attack ChainAIDerived

Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain

  1. Access
    Authenticate as low-privileged AEM user
  2. Delivery
    Inject malicious script into vulnerable form field
  3. Exploit
    Script stored server-side in AEM
  4. Execution
    Victim browses page containing field
  5. Persist
    JavaScript executes in victim browser
  6. Impact
    Session/credential theft or unauthorized actions

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A05:2025 - Injection
ASVS 5.0
V1 - Encoding and Sanitization Output encoding, context-aware escaping
MITRE ATT&CK

2 techniques across 2 tactics: Initial Access, Execution

The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up.

Exploitation Conditions

Exploitation requires an authenticated low-privileged account (PR:L) with the ability to inject content into AEM form fields, plus victim user interaction (UI:R) - a separate user must browse to the page containing the injected field for the stored script to execute. This is not remote-unauthenticated: it depends on the attacker already having form-authoring/editing access within AEM and on a victim viewing the affected page. Exposure is limited to AEM versions 6.5.23 and earlier, AEM 6.5 LTS, and AEM as a Cloud Service instances where the vulnerable form-field functionality is reachable by lower-privileged users; environments that tightly restrict authoring privileges reduce the realistic attack surface.

Impact

This is a moderate-severity stored XSS (CWE-79) in Adobe Experience Manager with a CVSS 3.1 base score of 5.4 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N). The signals are internally consistent and point to a real-but-not-urgent issue: the attack is network-reachable and low-complexity, but it requires an authenticated low-privileged account (PR:L) AND victim user interaction (UI:R), which materially constrains exploitability. The changed scope (S:C) and limited confidentiality/integrity impact (C:L/I:L, A:N) are typical of stored XSS, where injected script executes in another user's authenticated browser context. EPSS is low at 0.25% (15th percentile), the vulnerability is NOT on the CISA KEV list, and no public exploit code was identified - so exploitation status is 'no public exploit identified at time of analysis.' All exploitation signals agree that this is a genuine but low-priority vulnerability: real risk exists (authenticated insiders or compromised low-priv accounts could target other users/admins), but there is no evidence of widespread or active exploitation. No conflicting data was found between the CVSS vector and the description; both indicate authenticated injection with downstream execution on victim browsing. Prioritize via normal patch cycles rather than emergency response, with attention weighted by how exposed the affected authoring/form interfaces are.

Exploit ScenarioDerived

A low-privileged user with access to author or edit form fields in Adobe Experience Manager injects malicious JavaScript into a vulnerable form field. When a higher-privileged victim (e.g., a content reviewer or administrator) later browses to the page containing that field, the stored script executes in their authenticated browser session, enabling session hijacking or actions on their behalf. No public proof-of-concept was identified, and successful exploitation depends on the victim actually viewing the affected page.

This Month Plan within 30 days. Why: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9).
No patch listed yet 0.2% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Oct 14, 2026

Stored cross-site scripting (XSS) in Adobe Experience Manager 6.5.23 and earlier, AEM 6.5 LTS, and AEM as a Cloud Service enables a low-privileged authenticated attacker to inject malicious JavaScript into vulnerable form fields, which then executes in a victim's browser when they browse to the page containing the field. The CVSS 3.1 base score is 5.4 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N), reflecting the need for an authenticated authoring account and victim interaction; EPSS is 0.25% (15th percentile) and no public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis. Exploitation conditions match the independent assessment: attacker requires form-authoring/editing access (PR:L) and a separate user must view the page (UI:R).

RemediationAI

Apply the security updates referenced in Adobe advisory APSB25-115 (https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/experience-manager/apsb25-115.html); the advisory provides the specific patched version for each affected track (on-premises 6.5.x, 6.5 LTS, and AEM as a Cloud Service, where updates are applied automatically). If immediate patching is not possible, restrict authoring privileges to only trusted users (PR:L means a low-privileged account is required, so minimizing such accounts reduces exposure), enforce strict input validation and output encoding on form fields, and deploy a web application firewall (WAF) with rules targeting stored XSS payloads-though WAFs may cause false positives and require tuning. Additionally, implement a Content Security Policy (CSP) to mitigate script execution, but test thoroughly to avoid breaking legitimate site functionality. No public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis, and EPSS is low (0.25%), so prioritizing patching alongside privilege review is appropriate.

Affects your stack

Find out whether the stacks and servers you run are on an affected version.

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

The vulnerability is a stored cross-site scripting (XSS) issue (CWE-79) in Adobe Experience Manager, a content management system for building websites, mobile apps, and forms. The root cause is improper neutralization of user-supplied input in form fields, allowing an attacker with low-privileged authoring access to persist malicious JavaScript that is later rendered without adequate encoding or sanitization. The CPE strings confirm affected product lines: the generic Adobe Experience Manager track (cpe:2.3:a:adobe:experience_manager:*:*:*:*:-:*:*:*), AEM as a Cloud Service (cpe:2.3:a:adobe:experience_manager:*:*:*:*:aem_cloud_service:*:*:*), and AEM 6.5 LTS (cpe:2.3:a:adobe:experience_manager:6.5:-:*:*:lts:*:*:*). The CVSS vector (S:C) indicates the exploited component is different from the vulnerable component (browser vs. AEM server), with low confidentiality and integrity impact but no availability impact. Exploitation requires an authenticated low-privileged account (PR:L) that can inject content into AEM form fields, plus victim user interaction (UI:R) to browse to the affected page.

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Severity by source

Vendor (adobe) PRIMARY 5.4 MEDIUM
AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N
vuln.today AI 5.4 MEDIUM

Authenticated low-privileged attacker injects stored script (PR:L), victim must view the page (UI:R), and execution in the victim's browser crosses a trust boundary (S:C) with limited C/I impact and no availability loss.

3.1 AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N
4.0 AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:P/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:L/SI:L/SA:N

Primary rating from Vendor (adobe).

CVSS VectorVendor: adobe

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
Low
Privileges Required
Low
User Interaction
Required
Scope
Changed
Confidentiality
Low
Integrity
Low
Availability
None

DescriptionCVE.org

Adobe Experience Manager versions 6.5.23 and earlier are affected by a stored Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) vulnerability that could be abused by a low privileged attacker to inject malicious scripts into vulnerable form fields. Malicious JavaScript may be executed in a victim’s browser when they browse to the page containing the vulnerable field.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.2%
Top 85% exploitable
Prevalence
High
widely-deployed enterprise web content management platform in large organizations
Data Quality
3 sources
Confidence: Low

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity MEDIUM
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS 0.2%
Patch available No
Active threat No
Deciding rule
MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived
Scheduled
Exploitation· derived
None
System Exposure· derived
Open
Automatable· derived
No
Human Impact· derived
High

Priority Score

27
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +27
PoC: 0
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

Cross-Site Scripting occurs when an application accepts untrusted data and sends it to a web browser without proper validation or encoding.

Affected Products (CPE)CVE.org

cpe:2.3:a:adobe:experience_manager:*:*:*:*:-:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:adobe:experience_manager:*:*:*:*:aem_cloud_service:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:adobe:experience_manager:6.5:-:*:*:lts:*:*:*
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