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FluxCP CVE-2025-62797

HIGH
Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) (CWE-352)
2025-10-29 security-advisories@github.com
8.6
CVSS 4.0 · Vendor: github
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Attack ChainAIDerived

Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain

  1. Access
    Lure logged-in user to malicious page
  2. Exploit
    Browser auto-submits forged POST
  3. Execution
    Session cookie authorizes request
  4. Impact
    Sensitive FluxCP action executed without consent

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A01:2025 - Broken Access Control
ASVS 5.0
V3 - Web Frontend Security Anti-CSRF tokens, SameSite cookies
MITRE ATT&CK

1 technique across 1 tactic: Initial Access

The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up.

Exploitation Conditions

Exploitation requires that the victim be an actively authenticated FluxCP user (valid session cookie) AND be lured into loading attacker-controlled web content (UI:P) that issues a cross-origin POST to a vulnerable state-changing endpoint. The root enabling condition is that FluxCP's state-changing POST handlers authorize requests using only the session cookie, with no per-request anti-CSRF token and no robust Origin/Referer validation. Limiting factors that reduce realistic risk: the attacker cannot act without a logged-in victim's participation, the target FluxCP instance must be reachable by that victim's browser, and the fix mitigates the class by setting SameSite=Strict (plus HttpOnly/Secure) cookies - so modern browsers on patched or SameSite-defaulting configurations substantially blunt cross-site cookie submission.

Impact

This is a CWE-352 Cross-Site Request Forgery flaw in FluxCP, with a vendor (GitHub Security Advisory) CVSS 4.0 score of 8.6 (High). The CVSS 4.0 vector (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P) indicates network reachability, low attack complexity, and no attacker-side privileges, but crucially requires passive user interaction (UI:P) - a logged-in victim must be lured to an attacker-controlled page, which is the defining and limiting characteristic of CSRF. Impact is high to confidentiality and integrity (VC:H/VI:H) with no availability impact (VA:N) and no scope/subsequent-system change. Contrasting signals: EPSS is very low at 0.20% (9th percentile), the vulnerability is NOT in CISA KEV, and no public exploit code was identified, so despite the high CVSS this is not an actively-exploited, mass-scanned priority. The high score is driven largely by CVSS 4.0's treatment of unauthenticated network vector plus high C/I impact, but real-world exploitation is gated by needing a victim who is both authenticated to a specific FluxCP instance and tricked into visiting a malicious page. Net: a genuine, patchable security weakness that operators of affected FluxCP sites should fix, but the combination of low EPSS, no KEV, no POC, required user interaction, and a niche product footprint makes it a moderate rather than urgent widespread risk.

Exploit ScenarioDerived

An attacker crafts a malicious web page (or email link) containing an auto-submitting form targeting a state-changing POST endpoint of a FluxCP site. When a currently logged-in FluxCP user visits that page, their browser submits the request with their valid session cookie, causing a sensitive account action to execute without their consent. No public exploit code was identified at time of analysis, though CSRF proof-of-concepts of this type are trivial to construct.

This Week Schedule remediation this week. Why: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9).
No patch listed yet 0.2% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Oct 08, 2026

Cross-site request forgery in the FluxCP control panel for rAthena/Ragnarok servers lets an unauthenticated attacker (CVSS PR:N, UI:P) who can lure a logged-in administrator or player into visiting an attacker-controlled page silently execute state-changing actions - including high-integrity operations - through the victim's authenticated session, yielding High confidentiality and integrity impact with no availability impact. The flaw affects the FluxCP website template deployed across multiple rAthena/Ragnarok installations whose POST handlers authorize requests using only the session cookie, with no per-request anti-CSRF token and no robust Origin/Referer validation. No public exploit code or in-the-wild exploitation activity has been identified at time of analysis, and EPSS is low at 0.20% (9th percentile), though the vendor GitHub advisory rates it 8.6 High under CVSS 4.0 while an independent assessment scores it 8.1-class under CVSS 3.1; the weakness is fixed by upstream commit e3f130c.

RemediationAI

The primary fix is to apply upstream commit e3f130c4a2ccd615a3ee2ee0302ecbfbd84747e6 in the rathena/FluxCP repository, which hardens the session cookie to SameSite=Strict with HttpOnly and Secure flags and doubles as the vendor's mitigation for the CSRF class (upstream fix available via PR/commit; a separately tagged patched release was not independently confirmed). Guidance and affected-version details are in GitHub Security Advisory GHSA-5w2g-8cqq-r4fr. Operators who cannot patch immediately should manually set session.cookie_samesite=Strict (or reproduce the commit's session_set_cookie_params() array with 'samesite' => 'Strict', 'httponly' => true, 'secure' => true) - noting the trade-off that SameSite=Strict suppresses the session cookie on cross-site navigations, so users arriving from external links may appear logged out until they navigate within the panel; enabling the new ForceHTTPS flag likewise requires a valid TLS certificate or the panel becomes unreachable over HTTP. Where the cookie change cannot be applied, add a per-request anti-CSRF token to all state-changing POST handlers and enforce strict Origin/Referer validation server-side, accepting the development effort and risk of breaking third-party or legacy form integrations; as a narrower compensating control, restrict access to administrative and account-mutating endpoints to trusted networks or a VPN, which reduces attack surface but does not protect legitimate remote users from a lure. The relevant technology prerequisites are also worth respecting: the fix requires PHP 7.3.0 or newer, so legacy PHP 5.2 hosts must be upgraded before the patched cookie logic will function.

Affected ProductsAI

The affected product is FluxCP, the PHP-based web control panel used to manage rAthena and other Ragnarok Online server emulators, specifically the FluxCP-based website template deployed across multiple rAthena/Ragnarok server installations. All builds predating upstream commit e3f130c4a2ccd615a3ee2ee0302ecbfbd84747e6 are affected, which includes versions still supporting the legacy PHP 5.2 baseline (the fix raises the enforced minimum to PHP 7.3.0, confirming that older PHP 5.x-era deployments are in scope). No CPE strings, discrete upstream version numbers, or tag-based release ranges were provided by NVD or the vendor advisory, so the precise version cut-off is the commit rather than a named release; because the template is redistributed and forked by individual server operators, each installation's exposure depends on whether it has pulled the upstream fix. Vendor and patch references are the GitHub Security Advisory GHSA-5w2g-8cqq-r4fr and commit e3f130c4a2ccd615a3ee2ee0302ecbfbd84747e6 at github.com/rathena/FluxCP.

Affects your stack

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Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

The root cause is CWE-352 (Cross-Site Request Forgery): FluxCP's state-changing POST endpoints trust ambient session-cookie credentials rather than requiring a per-request, unguessable anti-CSRF token, and they perform no robust Origin or Referer validation to confirm the request originated from the panel itself. Because browsers automatically attach the FluxCP session cookie to any cross-origin request the victim's browser is induced to send, an attacker page can forge privileged actions as the victim. The upstream fix is primarily a session-cookie hardening change: index.php switches from the legacy scalar session_set_cookie_params() call to the array form (available in PHP 7.3+) that explicitly sets SameSite=Strict, HttpOnly, and Secure, plus a path and a domain derived from ServerAddress with the port stripped. Setting SameSite=Strict prevents the browser from attaching the session cookie to cross-site requests at all, structurally breaking the CSRF vector rather than patching individual endpoints. The same commit also introduces a new ForceHTTPS configuration flag defaulting to true in config/application.php, raises the enforced PHP minimum from 5.2 to 7.3.0 (with a hard exit check in index.php), and updates the install module's version requirements (PHP required 7.3.0, recommended 8.4.0; MySQL recommended 8.0.44). No CPE identifiers were supplied with the vulnerability data, so exact affected product strings cannot be enumerated from CPE; the affected surface is the FluxCP PHP application and its bundled website template as distributed for rAthena servers.

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Severity by source

Vendor (github) PRIMARY 8.6 HIGH
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
vuln.today AI 8.1 HIGH

CSRF is network-borne (AV:N) and low-complexity (AC:L) with no attacker privileges (PR:N), but inherently needs victim interaction (UI:R); high C/I from sensitive actions, no availability impact.

3.1 AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N
4.0 AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Primary rating from Vendor (github).

CVSS VectorVendor: github

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
Low
Attack Requirements
None
Privileges Required
None
User Interaction
Passive
Vulnerable system: Confidentiality
High
Vulnerable system: Integrity
High
Vulnerable system: Availability
None
Subsequent system: Confidentiality
None
Subsequent system: Integrity
None
Subsequent system: Availability
None

DescriptionCVE.org

FluxCP is a web-based Control Panel for rAthena servers written in PHP. A critical Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) vulnerability exists in the FluxCP-based website template used by multiple rAthena/Ragnarok servers. State-changing POST endpoints accept browser-initiated requests that are authorized solely by the session cookie without per-request anti-CSRF tokens or robust Origin/Referer validation. An attacker who can lure a logged-in user to an attacker-controlled page can cause that user to perform sensitive actions without their intent. This vulnerability is fixed with commit e3f130c.

Executive ViewAI

Why It Matters

A cross-site request forgery weakness in the FluxCP web control panel used by rAthena/Ragnarok server operators lets an attacker ride an administrator's or player's already-authenticated session and silently trigger high-integrity actions - no credentials and no public exploit code are needed beyond luring a logged-in user to a malicious page. Because FluxCP governs game accounts, in-game items, and server configuration, affected communities risk unauthorized account and economy manipulation, fraud, and reputational damage to the operators running these installations. The vendor has not published a fixed release, no public exploit code or in-the-wild activity has been identified at time of analysis, and EPSS is low (0.20%), so this is a manageable but operationally urgent exposure for teams running FluxCP.

Business Impact: High
Compensating Controls

No vendor-released patch identified at time of analysis; deploy per-request anti-CSRF tokens and strict Origin/Referer validation on all POST handlers, set session cookies to SameSite=Strict with Secure and HttpOnly, restrict administrative panel access to trusted IP ranges or VPN, add WAF/reverse-proxy rules blocking cross-origin state-changing requests, require re-authentication for high-integrity operations, and monitor/audit administrative actions for unauthorized changes; apply the upstream fix commit referenced in the vendor advisory (commit e3) as a validated interim code fix.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.2%
Top 91% exploitable
Prevalence
Low
niche PHP control panel for rAthena/Ragnarok private game servers
Data Quality
4 sources
Confidence: Medium

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity HIGH
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS 0.2%
Patch available No
Active threat No
Deciding rule
HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived
Scheduled
Exploitation· derived
None
System Exposure· derived
Open
Automatable· derived
No
Human Impact
High

Priority Score

43
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +43
PoC: 0
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

Cross-Site Request Forgery exploits the automatic credential inclusion behavior of web browsers.

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