What is the CVSS score of CVE-2025-44655?

CVE-2025-44655 has a CVSS 3.1 base score of 9.8 (Critical). CVSS vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H. EPSS exploitation probability: 0.3%.

Which versions of A950rg Firmware are affected by CVE-2025-44655?

TOTOLINK routers (A7100RU, A950RG, T10) contain a critical privilege escalation vulnerability in their bundled FTP server (CVE-2025-44655) that allows authenticated FTP users to escalate privileges…

How to fix or mitigate CVE-2025-44655?

Within 24 hours: inventory all TOTOLINK A7100RU (V7.4), A950RG (V5.9), and T10 (V5.9) routers in your environment; disable FTP service if operationally feasible; review FTP access logs for suspicious authentication patterns. Within 7 days: rotate all FTP credentials on remaining active instances; implement firewall rules restricting FTP access to trusted administrative networks only; enable comprehensive FTP transaction logging. Within 30 days: contact TOTOLINK support for patched firmware versions; develop and test staged firmware deployment plan; deploy updates to all affected routers as patches become available.

A950rg Firmware CVE-2025-44655

CRITICAL

Incorrect Privilege Assignment (CWE-266)

2025-07-21 cve@mitre.org

Authentication Bypass Privilege Escalation A950rg Firmware T10 Firmware TOTOLINK A7100Ru Firmware

9.8

CVSS 3.1 · Vendor: mitre

Severity by source

Vendor (mitre) PRIMARY

9.8 CRITICAL

AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Primary rating from Vendor (mitre) · only source for this CVE.

CVSS VectorVendor: mitre

Attack Vector

Network

Attack Complexity

Low

Privileges Required

None

User Interaction

None

Scope

Unchanged

Confidentiality

High

Integrity

High

Availability

High

Lifecycle Timeline

Analysis Generated

Jul 05, 2026 - 01:36 vuln.today

DescriptionCVE.org

In TOTOLink A7100RU V7.4, A950RG V5.9, and T10 V5.9, the chroot_local_user option is enabled in the vsftpd.conf. This could lead to unauthorized access to system files, privilege escalation, or use of the compromised server as a pivot point for internal network attacks.

AnalysisAI

Privilege escalation and unauthorized file access affects TOTOLINK A7100RU (V7.4), A950RG (V5.9), and T10 (V5.9) routers because their bundled vsftpd FTP server ships with the chroot_local_user option enabled in vsftpd.conf, an insecure default that can let a local FTP user reach system files and escalate on the device. On these consumer routers the FTP daemon runs with high privilege and weak isolation, so a foothold on the FTP service can be used to read sensitive files, gain elevated access, and pivot into the internal network. There is no CISA KEV listing and no public exploit identified at time of analysis; the only reference is a researcher gist, and EPSS is low at 0.34% (26th percentile).