Skip to main content

macOS CVE-2025-43522

LOW
Improper Verification of Cryptographic Signature (CWE-347)
2025-12-12 product-security@apple.com
3.3
CVSS 3.1 · NVD

Severity by source

NVD PRIMARY
3.3 LOW
AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N

Primary rating from NVD · only source for this CVE.

CVSS VectorNVD

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N
Attack Vector
Local
Attack Complexity
Low
Privileges Required
Low
User Interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
Low
Integrity
None
Availability
None

Lifecycle Timeline

2
Analysis Generated
Apr 02, 2026 - 19:37 vuln.today
CVE Published
Dec 12, 2025 - 21:15 nvd
LOW 3.3

DescriptionCVE.org

A downgrade issue affecting Intel-based Mac computers was addressed with additional code-signing restrictions. This issue is fixed in macOS Sequoia 15.7.3, macOS Tahoe 26.2. An app may be able to access user-sensitive data.

AnalysisAI

Intel-based Mac computers running macOS Sequoia prior to 15.7.3 or macOS Tahoe prior to 26.2 are vulnerable to a cryptographic downgrade attack that allows unprivileged local applications to bypass code-signing restrictions and access sensitive user data. The vulnerability exploits inadequate validation of signed components, enabling information disclosure through JWT or similar signed-data attacks. Active exploitation has not been confirmed, and the extremely low EPSS score (0.01%) indicates minimal real-world exploitation risk despite the local attack vector.

Technical ContextAI

The vulnerability involves improper validation of code signatures on Intel-based macOS systems, specifically related to cryptographic signature verification mechanisms (CWE-347: Improper Verification of Cryptographic Signature). The issue allows a downgrade attack where an application can bypass or weaken code-signing protections that normally enforce code integrity. The 'JWT Attack' tag suggests the weakness may relate to how signed tokens or certificates are validated, potentially allowing an attacker to present older or weaker signature formats that are still accepted by the validation logic. The vulnerability is specific to Intel processors on macOS (cpe:2.3:o:apple:macos:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*) and affects the operating system's core code-signing enforcement mechanisms.

RemediationAI

Vendor-released patch: Update to macOS Sequoia 15.7.3 or macOS Tahoe 26.2 or later. Users on Intel-based Mac computers should immediately apply the corresponding security update for their operating system version. Apple has addressed this issue by implementing additional code-signing restrictions to prevent downgrade attacks. Detailed patching instructions and compatibility information are available at https://support.apple.com/en-us/125886. Users unable to patch immediately should minimize the installation and execution of untrusted applications from non-official sources, as the vulnerability requires local code execution with low privileges to exploit.

More in macOS

View all
CVE-2025-34089 CRITICAL POC
9.3 Jul 03

An unauthenticated remote code execution vulnerability exists in Remote for Mac, a macOS remote control utility develope

CVE-2023-43000 HIGH POC
8.8 Nov 05

A use-after-free issue was addressed with improved memory management. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.8), this vulnerability

CVE-2026-20700 HIGH POC
7.8 Feb 11

Apple's kernel across all platforms (iOS, macOS, watchOS, visionOS, tvOS) contains a memory corruption vulnerability (CV

CVE-2024-6387 HIGH POC
8.1 Jul 01

Remote code execution in OpenSSH's sshd server (regression of CVE-2006-5051) allows unauthenticated remote attackers to

CVE-2023-48795 MEDIUM POC
5.9 Dec 18

The SSH transport protocol with certain OpenSSH extensions, found in OpenSSH before 9.6 and other products, allows remot

CVE-2022-48618 HIGH
7.0 Jan 09

The issue was addressed with improved checks. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.0). Actively exploited in the wild (cisa kev)

CVE-2024-27822 HIGH POC
7.8 May 14

A logic issue was addressed with improved restrictions. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.8), this vulnerability is no authent

CVE-2023-22809 HIGH POC
7.8 Jan 18

In Sudo before 1.9.12p2, the sudoedit (aka -e) feature mishandles extra arguments passed in the user-provided environmen

CVE-2022-46689 HIGH POC
7.0 Dec 15

A race condition was addressed with additional validation. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.0), this vulnerability is no auth

CVE-2022-32845 CRITICAL POC
10.0 Sep 23

This issue was addressed with improved checks. Rated critical severity (CVSS 10.0), this vulnerability is remotely explo

CVE-2022-32221 CRITICAL POC
9.8 Dec 05

When doing HTTP(S) transfers, libcurl might erroneously use the read callback (`CURLOPT_READFUNCTION`) to ask for data t

CVE-2022-32207 CRITICAL POC
9.8 Jul 07

When curl < 7.84.0 saves cookies, alt-svc and hsts data to local files, it makes the operation atomic by finalizing the

Share

CVE-2025-43522 vulnerability details – vuln.today

This site uses cookies essential for authentication and security. No tracking or analytics cookies are used. Privacy Policy